scholarly journals Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 as a Potential Mediator of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Chronic Vascular Remodeling in Hypertension

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Belo ◽  
Danielle A. Guimarães ◽  
Michele Mazzaron Castro
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Potential Mediator ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell Migration

scholarly journals Epac1 is upregulated during neointima formation and promotes vascular smooth muscle cell migration

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (4) ◽  
pp. H1547-H1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utako Yokoyama ◽  
Susumu Minamisawa ◽  
Hong Quan ◽  
Toru Akaike ◽  
Meihua Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell Migration

Vascular remodeling after mechanoinjury largely depends on the migration of smooth muscle cells, an initial key step to wound healing. However, the role of the second messenger system, in particular, the cAMP signal, in regulating such remodeling remains controversial. Exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) has been identified as a new target molecule of the cAMP signal, which is independent from PKA. We thus examined whether Epac plays a distinct role from PKA in vascular remodeling. To examine the role of Epac and PKA in migration, we used primary culture smooth muscle cells from both the fetal and adult rat aorta. A cAMP analog selective to PKA, 8-(4-parachlorophenylthio)-cAMP (pCPT-cAMP), decreased cell migration, whereas an Epac-selective analog, 8-pCPT-2′- O-Me-cAMP, enhanced migration. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of PKA decreased cell migration, whereas that of Epac1 significantly enhanced cell migration. Striking morphological differences were observed between pCPT-cAMP- and 8-pCPT-2′- O-Me-cAMP-treated aortic smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, overexpression of Epac1 enhanced the development of neointimal formation in fetal rat aortic tissues in organ culture. When the mouse femoral artery was injured mechanically in vivo, we found that the expression of Epac1 was upregulated in vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas that of PKA was downregulated with the progress of neointimal thickening. Our findings suggest that Epac1, in opposition to PKA, increases vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Epac may thus play an important role in advancing vascular remodeling and restenosis upon vascular injury.

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