scholarly journals Nephrotoxicity of Natural Products

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Nauffal ◽  
Steven Gabardi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Poison Control ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Immune Mediated

Background: The manufacture and sale of natural products constitute a multi-billion dollar industry. Nearly a third of the American population admit to using some form of complementary or alternative medicine, with many using them in addition to prescription medications. Most patients fail to inform their healthcare providers of their natural product use and physicians rarely inquire. Annually, thousands of natural product-induced adverse events are reported to Poison Control Centers nationwide. Natural product manufacturers are not responsible for proving safety and efficacy, as the FDA does not regulate them. However, concerns exist surrounding the safety of natural products. Summary: This review provides details on natural products that have been associated with renal dysfunction. We have focused on products that have been associated with direct renal injury, immune-mediated nephrotoxicity, nephrolithiasis, rhabdomyolysis with acute renal injury, hepatorenal syndrome, and common adulterants or contaminants that are associated with renal dysfunction. Key Messages: The potential for natural products to cause renal dysfunction is justifiable. It is imperative that natural product use be monitored closely in all patients. Healthcare practitioners must play an active role in identifying patients using natural products and provide appropriate patient education.

The Prevalence of Renal Dysfunction in Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 3804-3804
Author(s):  
Raymond U. Osarogiagbon ◽  
Laura M. McHugh ◽  
Lori E. Kronish ◽  
Elisabeth A. Chismark
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Stage Renal Disease

Abstract Sickle cell disease is typified by dramatic acute painful episodes, which consume the majority of patients’ and healthcare providers’ attention. However, the cumulative damage to vital organs that occurs in this disease is often the determinant of early death. The kidneys are a major target organ in sickle cell disease and renal failure is a highly morbid event. It is also strongly associated with early death. Glomerular hyperfiltration is often the earliest sign of renal injury. This is followed by return to apparently normal filtration rates, then successively lower rates, culminating in end-stage renal disease. Microalbuminuria follows hyperfiltration and progresses to frank proteinuria. We evaluated the prevalence of renal dysfunction in a cohort of patients with sickle cell disease managed at the University of Tennessee Cancer Institute’s adult sickle cell program. At entry into the program, patients underwent a routine battery of tests, including 24 hour urine collection for measurement of creatinine clearance and urine protein. Our findings are summarized in the table below. By the age of 25 years, almost 80% of patients with sickle cell disease showed significant abnormality of glomerular filtration and 40% had significant proteinuria. This worsens with age. By a median of 37 years, 2 in 3 patients have developed significant proteinuria and hypofiltration has become the predominant pattern of glomerular filtration abnormality. Since renal injury is reversible in the early stages, more emphasis needs to be placed on aggressive early screening, surveillance and intervention. Intervention at the stage of hyperfiltration and microalbuminuria is easier and much more likely to be successful. Patients and their healthcare providers need to be educated on the high prevalence of renal damage. Efforts at education, screening, surveillance and, where necessary, treatment should begin well before adolescence.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Natural Product Lipoxazolidinone A

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Mills ◽  
Kaylib R. Robinson ◽  
Troy E. Zehnder ◽  
Joshua G. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Marine Natural Products ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Initial Resistance ◽  
Synthesis And Biological Evaluation

The lipoxazolidinone family of marine natural products, with an unusual 4-oxazolidinone heterocycle at their core, represents a new scaffold for antimicrobial discovery; however, questions regarding their mechanism of action and high lipophilicity have likely slowed follow-up studies. Herein, we report the first synthesis of lipoxazolidinone A, 15 structural analogs to explore its active pharmacophore, and initial resistance and mechanism of action studies. These results suggest that 4-oxazolidinones are valuable scaffolds for antimicrobial development and reveal simplified lead compounds for further optimization.

Unzipping Natural Products: Improved Natural Product Structure Predictions by Ensemble Modeling and Fingerprint Matching

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Shirley ◽  
Brian P. Kelley ◽  
Yohann Potier ◽  
John H. Koschwanez ◽  
Robert Bruccoleri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Product Structure ◽  
Fingerprint Matching ◽  
Ensemble Modeling ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Source Gene

This pre-print explores ensemble modeling of natural product targets to match chemical structures to precursors found in large open-source gene cluster repository antiSMASH. Commentary on method, effectiveness, and limitations are enclosed. All structures are public domain molecules and have been reviewed for release.

Recent Progress Towards Synthesis of the Indolizidine Alkaloid 195B

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani ◽  
Fatemeh Mohajer ◽  
Zohreh kheilkordi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Biological Perspective ◽  
Highly Active

Background: Natural products have been received attention due to their importance in human life as those are biologically active. In this review, there are some reports through different methods related to the synthesis of the indolizidine 195B which was extracted from poisonous frog; however, due to respect nature, the synthesis of natural compounds such as indolizidine has been attracted much attention among scientists and researchers. Objective: This review discloses the procedures and methods to provide indolizidine 195B from 1989 to 2018 due to their importance as a natural product. Conclusion: There are several methods to give rise to the indolizidine 195B as a natural product that is highly active from the biological perspective in pharmaceutical chemistry. In summary, many protocols for the preparations of indolizidine 195B from various substrates, several reagents, and conditions have been reported from different aromatic and aliphatic.

Recent applications of asymmetric organocatalytic annulation reactions in natural product synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nengzhong Wang ◽  
Zugen Wu ◽  
Junjie Wang ◽  
Nisar Ullah ◽  
Yixin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Natural Product Synthesis ◽  
Natural Products Synthesis

A comprehensive and updated summary of asymmetric organocatalytic annulation reactions is presented; in particular, the applications of these annulation strategies to natural products synthesis are highlighted.

scholarly journals Chemical Elicitors Induce Rare Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Deep-Sea Bacteria under Laboratory Conditions

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Rafael de Felício ◽  
Patricia Ballone ◽  
Cristina Freitas Bazzano ◽  
Luiz F. G. Alves ◽  
Renata Sigrist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Bacterial Metabolites ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Deep Sea Bacteria

Bacterial genome sequencing has revealed a vast number of novel biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) with potential to produce bioactive natural products. However, the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites by bacteria is often silenced under laboratory conditions, limiting the controlled expression of natural products. Here we describe an integrated methodology for the construction and screening of an elicited and pre-fractionated library of marine bacteria. In this pilot study, chemical elicitors were evaluated to mimic the natural environment and to induce the expression of cryptic BGCs in deep-sea bacteria. By integrating high-resolution untargeted metabolomics with cheminformatics analyses, it was possible to visualize, mine, identify and map the chemical and biological space of the elicited bacterial metabolites. The results show that elicited bacterial metabolites correspond to ~45% of the compounds produced under laboratory conditions. In addition, the elicited chemical space is novel (~70% of the elicited compounds) or concentrated in the chemical space of drugs. Fractionation of the crude extracts further evidenced minor compounds (~90% of the collection) and the detection of biological activity. This pilot work pinpoints strategies for constructing and evaluating chemically diverse bacterial natural product libraries towards the identification of novel bacterial metabolites in natural product-based drug discovery pipelines.

scholarly journals Applications of the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination in modern natural product synthesis

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dávid Roman ◽  
Maria Sauer ◽  
Christine Beemelmanns
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Natural Product Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Modern Natural ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

Here, we have summarized more than 30 representative natural product syntheses published in 2015 to 2020 that employ one or more Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) reactions. We comprehensively describe the applied phosphonate reagents, HWE reaction conditions and key steps of the total synthetic approaches. Our comprehensive review will support future synthetic approaches and serve as guideline to find the best HWE conditions for the most complicated natural products known

scholarly journals MeFSAT: a curated natural product database specific to secondary metabolites of medicinal fungi

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2596-2607
Author(s):  
R. P. Vivek-Ananth ◽  
Ajaya Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Kavyaa Kumaravel ◽  
Karthikeyan Mohanraj ◽  
Areejit Samal
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
Medicinal Fungi ◽  
Fungal Natural Products

First dedicated manually curated resource on secondary metabolites and therapeutic uses of medicinal fungi. Cheminformatics based analysis of the chemical space of fungal natural products.

scholarly journals Natural product fragment combination to performance-diverse pseudo-natural products

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Grigalunas ◽  
Annina Burhop ◽  
Sarah Zinken ◽  
Axel Pahl ◽  
José-Manuel Gally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Product Structure ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Biologically Relevant Chemical Space

AbstractNatural product structure and fragment-based compound development inspire pseudo-natural product design through different combinations of a given natural product fragment set to compound classes expected to be chemically and biologically diverse. We describe the synthetic combination of the fragment-sized natural products quinine, quinidine, sinomenine, and griseofulvin with chromanone or indole-containing fragments to provide a 244-member pseudo-natural product collection. Cheminformatic analyses reveal that the resulting eight pseudo-natural product classes are chemically diverse and share both drug- and natural product-like properties. Unbiased biological evaluation by cell painting demonstrates that bioactivity of pseudo-natural products, guiding natural products, and fragments differ and that combination of different fragments dominates establishment of unique bioactivity. Identification of phenotypic fragment dominance enables design of compound classes with correctly predicted bioactivity. The results demonstrate that fusion of natural product fragments in different combinations and arrangements can provide chemically and biologically diverse pseudo-natural product classes for wider exploration of biologically relevant chemical space.

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