The Epidemiology of Migraine Headache in General Population of Tehran, Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Rabiee ◽  
Atefeh Zeinoddini ◽  
Ramin Kordi ◽  
Masud Yunesian ◽  
Payam Mohammadinejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male Subjects

Background: Migraine as one of the most common types of headache is known to cause serious intervention with routine activities of affected individuals due to the devastating nature of attacks. The aim of this study was to provide epidemiological data of migraine in Iranian general population. Methods: In this cross-sectional general population study, migraine diagnoses (both episodic and chronic) were based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Face-to-face interviews were performed by 5 trained medical interns on a sample size of 2,300 people aged 12-65 years. Results: A total number of 2,076 subjects were enrolled for final analysis. The mean age of the subjects at the time of the study was 36.27 ± 14.56 years (age range 12-65 years). The 1-year prevalence of migraine was 27.6%. The prevalence of migraine among female subjects was significantly higher than among male subjects (36.7 vs. 21.6%, p < 0.001). The mean age of the subjects with migraine was 35.9 ± 12.96 years. Totally, 49.9% of migraine sufferers experienced at least one episode of aura. The most prevalent type of aura was numbness reported in 32.4% of migraine subjects. Conclusions: Despite the higher prevalence of migraine among Iranian general population compared to most of the other populations investigated by previous studies, these individuals experience a less severe course of disease.

Hodgkin's Disease Survivors More Fatigued Than the General Population

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Håvard Loge ◽  
Arne Foss Abrahamsen ◽  
Øivind Ekeberg ◽  
Stein Kaasa
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range

PURPOSE: To estimate the level of fatigue and frequency of fatigue cases among Hodgkin's disease survivors (HDS) and compare them with normative data from the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional follow-up study was done of 557 HDS (age range, 19 to 74 years) treated at the Norwegian Radium Hospital from 1971 to 1991. The sample was approached by mail, and their data were compared with normative data from 2,214 controls (age range, 19 to 74 years) representative of the general Norwegian population. Of the 557 HDS, 459 (82%) responded. The mean age (± SD) at the time of study was 44 ± 12 years, and the mean observation time was 12 ± 6 years. The Fatigue Questionnaire (11 items) measures physical and mental fatigue. Two systems of scoring were used, dichotomized (0, 0, 1, and 1) and Likert (0, 1, 2, and 3). Total fatigue (TF) constitutes the sum of all the Likert scores. Caseness was defined as a total dichotomized score of ≥4 and fatigue that lasted 6 months or longer. RESULTS: The HDS had significantly higher levels of TF than the controls (14.3 v 12.2) (P < .001). Fatigue among the HDS equaled that of the controls in poorest health. More HDS (61%) than controls (31%) reported fatigue symptoms lasting 6 months or longer (P < .001). Fatigue cases were more frequent among HDS (men, 24%; women, 27%) than among the controls (men, 9%; women, 12%) (P < .001). Disease stage/substage IB/IIB predicted fatigue caseness (P = .03). No significant associations were found between treatment characteristics and fatigue. CONCLUSION: Hodgkin's disease survivors are considerably more fatigued than the general population and report fatigue of a substantially longer duration.

scholarly journals Premature Ejaculation patients and their partners: arriving at a clinical profile for a real optimization of the treatment.

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Paolo Verze ◽  
Roberto La Rocca ◽  
Lorenzo Spirito ◽  
Gianluigi Califano ◽  
Luca Venturino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Couple Counseling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male Subjects

The aim of the study is to extrapolate clinical features of Premature Ejaculation (PE) patients and female partners of men affected with PE, in order to get a profile that can be of assistance for physicians within the dynamics of a couple, one of which is a PE patient. An observational, non-interventional, cross-sectional epidemiological study entitled IPER (Italian Premature Ejaculation Research) was conducted and included two different cohorts of subjects that were randomly sampled from a patient dataset of selected General Practitioners: 1. IPER-M sub-cohort (1.104 subjects) was made of male subjects in which they were then distinguished patients with or without PE based on the score of the PEDT questionnaire; IPER-F sub-cohort (1.109 subjects) was made of female subjects from an independent sample of women (therefore not the partners of the IPER-M males) in which they then distinguished those partners of a male subject with PE or not. In addition to an identical general questionnaire to explore demographic aspects and habits, each subcohort was then evaluated using validated questionnaires. No differences were noted between PE+/PE- patients in terms of alcohol consumption, smoking habits, physical activity nor stress condition in everyday life, employment, socio-economic class and marital status. While the prevalence of PE proportionally increased with age, excluding the 50-59 and 70-80 years decades, in the IPER-M group an overall statistically significant difference for the mean age between the PE+ and PE- groups (p = 0.002) was detected, but without reaching any difference amongst the different age classes in the IPER-F group. The PE+ patients reported a significantly lower frequency rate of sexual intercourse, worse QoL (p = 0.006 and p < 0.0001, respectively), and increased anxiety status (p < 0.0001 for both subgroups). This study shows that, rather than talking with a patient affected by PE it would be advisable to introduce the concept of couple counseling with the person patient and his partner, because it is only through classification of both partners as one couple and a full understanding of their mutual sexual experience that PE treatment can be optimized and its results measured accurately.

scholarly journals Cognitive Performance and Its Associations with Dental Caries: Results from the Dental, Oral, Medical Epidemiological (DOME) Records-Based Nationwide Study

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Itzhak Abramovitz ◽  
Avraham Zini ◽  
Matan Atzmoni ◽  
Ron Kedem ◽  
Dorit Zur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intelligence Score ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Age Range

Relatively few studies have analyzed the association between cognitive performance and dental status. This study aimed to analyze the association between cognitive performance and dental caries. Included were data from the dental, oral, medical epidemiological (DOME) study; cross-sectional records-based research, which integrated large socio-demographic, medical, and dental databases of a nationally representative sample of young to middle-aged military personnel (N = 131,927, mean age: 21.8 ± 5.9 years, age range: 18–50). The cognitive function of draftees is routinely measured at age 17 years using a battery of psychometric tests termed general intelligence score (GIS). The mean number of decayed teeth exhibited a gradient trend from the lowest (3.14 ± 3.58) to the highest GIS category (1.45 ± 2.19) (odds ratio (OR) lowest versus highest = 5.36 (5.06–5.68), p < 0.001). A similar trend was noted for the other dental parameters. The associations between GIS and decayed teeth persisted even after adjusting for socio-demographic parameters and health-related habits. The adjustments attenuated the OR but did not eliminate it (OR lowest versus highest = 3.75 (3.38–4.16)). The study demonstrates an association between cognitive performance and caries, independent of the socio-demographic and health-related habits that were analyzed. Better allocation of resources is recommended, focusing on populations with impaired cognitive performance in need of dental care.

scholarly journals Risk perception regarding the COVID-19 outbreak among the general population: a comparative Middle East survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdel Hameed Shahin ◽  
Rasha Mohammed Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
General Population ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background People’s perceptions of pandemic-associated risk are key factors contributing to increased public participation in disease preventive measures. The aim of the study was to investigate risk perceptions regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, among the general population. A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 723 participants, recruited from the general population of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Jordan. Data collection was performed using a standardized risk perception assessment questionnaire, in April 2020. Results The mean score for the perception of COVID-19 seriousness was significantly higher and the mean scores for the perception of disease susceptibility and extent of anxiety were also higher among Saudi Arabian participants than participants from Egypt and Jordan. Participants from Egypt had significantly lower mean scores for the perception of efficacy and self-efficacy to cope with COVID-19, and significantly lower intention to comply with COVID-19 precautionary measures than the other populations. A significant positive correlation was detected between the perception of COVID-19 seriousness and self-efficacy to handle COVID-19, for the entire sample. The primary reasons reported by participants driving their willingness to perform certain preventive measures against COVID-19 was a feeling of responsibility toward their own health, followed by preventing transmission to other people and the feeling that COVID-19 can be serious. Most of the study sample reported a desire to receive information about COVID-19 treatment, ways to prevent disease contraction, and the incubation period for the novel coronavirus. Also, most of the study sample reported that they prefer receiving COVID-19 updates from national authorities. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, communications designed to promote the adoption of preventive behaviors should focus on increasing the perception of seriousness, the risk perception, self-efficacy to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effectiveness of the adopted behavioral measures for reducing risk. Health education programs that are tailored to various sociodemographic categories, to improve public awareness, perceptions, and attitudes, are vital for increasing the adoption of outbreak preventive measures.

An Analysis of Leptospirosis Control in a Flood-Affected Region of Kerala and the Role of Accredited Social Health Activists – A Questionnaire Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
M.K. Sreelakshmi ◽  
Suneesh Kuruvilla ◽  
Ramanarayanan Subramaniam ◽  
Pooja Latti ◽  
Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
South Indian ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Kerala State

Abstract Background: Chengannur, a town in the south Indian state of Kerala, was 1 of the worst affected towns during the floods of 2018. Post-flood, Kerala state was under the threat of many infectious diseases including leptospirosis, but did not report any leptospirosis infections. Objectives: This study was conducted with the following objectives: (1) Assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding the prevention of leptospirosis among the flood affected population and Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) of Chengannur; and (2) Analyze the factors responsible for and contributing to leptospirosis control in the area post flood. Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire based observational study was conducted among 2 groups: the flood affected population, and ASHA. The questionnaire was divided into 3 parts. Part A contained the socio-demographic information. Part B contained questions on assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the prevention, and control of leptospirosis. Part C was only for the ASHA involved. Results: The final sample size was 331 (244 from the general population and 87 ASHAs). With respect to knowledge, attitude, and practice, the responses were dichotomized into correct and wrong responses. The mean knowledge score was 9.01 ± 1.08 (maximum score of 10), mean attitude score was of 3.61 ± 0.55 (maximum score of 4) and the mean practice score was 4.12 ± 1.05 (maximum score of 5). Conclusion: Knowledge and attitude scores did not significantly differ between the general population and ASHA, but the practice score showed a higher score among the ASHA, all of which could have probably contributed to the prevention of a leptospirosis outbreak in the region.

Characterization of Electroencephalographic Findings at an Electrodiagnostic Unit of a Tertiary Hospital, North-central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
E U Iwuozo ◽  
J O Enyikwola ◽  
I O Obekpa ◽  
O O Ijachi ◽  
A A Godwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Seizure Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Central ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Age Range

Electroencephalography (EEG) remains an important investigative tool in supporting the diagnosis and classification of various seizure types. We sought to examine and characterize the EEG findings from all patients referred for the procedure. This cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out at an EEG unit in Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State, North Central Nigeria from May 2016 to December 2020. Relevant patients' information were extracted and analysed using SPSS version 21. A total of 484 patients were seen over the study period with age range of 1-87 years and median age of 23 years. They comprised of 254 (52.5%) male and 230 (47.5%) female. The psychiatrist and the Physicians/Neurologist referred most of them for EEG, 201 (41.5%) and 124 (25.6%) respectively. The most reported indication for EEG was clinical suspicion of seizure disorder 291 (60.1%), whilst some did not have a clear indication 111 (22.9%). About 417 (86.2%) of our patients had abnormal EEG finding out of which 414 (99.3%) were diagnostic of seizure disorder made up of generalized seizure in 255 (61.6%) and focal seizure in 159 (38.4%). About 237 (48.9%) of them were already on antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) at referral of which 190 (80.2%0 were taking carbamazepine. This study showed a high prevalence of abnormal EEG with most of them diagnostic of seizure disorder especially generalized seizure. They were mostly of younger age group with about half of them already on AEDs at referral, majority of who were sent by the Psychiatrist.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Involvement of Facial and Cervical Spaces in Odontogenic Infections in Patients Referred to Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital from 2014 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (40) ◽  
pp. 2960-2964
Author(s):  
Mohsen Barzegar ◽  
Amir Vaghefi ◽  
Adele Pouyafard ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Alavikia
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Odontogenic Infections ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Buccal Space ◽  
Age Range

BACKGROUND Odontogenic infections are recognized as one of the most common diseases in the world. Organisms that cause dental infection and are a part of the oral normal flora include dental plaque bacteria, mucosal surface bacteria, and gingival bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of odontogenic infections by involving the facial and cervical spaces in patients referred to Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital from 2014 to 2018. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sampling method was census and 308 patients with all types of odontogenic infections associated with the involvement of the facial and cervical spaces referred to Shahid Rahnemoon Hospital from 2014 to 2018 were included in the study. Questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was entered into SPSS version 23 software and analysed using statistical tests. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 31.10 ± 14.48; the mean number of hospitalization days was 4.83 ± 2.52 days; the mean body temperature was 37.45 ± 0.54. Of the 308 patients studied, 221 (71.8 %) had no history of systemic disease. Also, 294 (5 %) had no airway involvement. The most commonly prescribed antibiotic was penicillin + metronidazole with a frequency of 54.9 %, The most common tooth that was the source of infection was mandibular tooth no. 6 with a frequency of 22.7 %, the most common type of treatment was incision + drainage + antibiotic therapy with a frequency of 44.2 %; the most common involved area was the submandibular + buccal space with a frequency of 20.1 % and the most common age range of involvement was 20 - 29 years. CONCLUSIONS In odontogenic infections, penicillin + metronidazole is the most commonly used antibiotic and buccal + submandibular space is the most common area involved. KEY WORDS Odontogenic Infection, Facial Spaces, Cervical Spaces

Abstract 204: Cross-sectional Survey of Quality of Life and Workload Among Japanese Physicians Working in Stroke Care: The Nationwide Survey of Acute Stroke Care Capacity for Proper Designation of Comprehensive Stroke Center in Japan (J-ASPECT) Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Nakamura ◽  
Kunihiro Nishimura ◽  
Misa Takegami ◽  
Yoshihiro Miyamoto ◽  
Koji Iihara
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
General Population ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neurosurgical Society ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Population Norm

Objective: Approximately 40% of stroke physicians in Japan are in a state of burnout. The quality of life (QOL) of physicians working in stroke care is unclear. We aimed to compare health-related QOL (HRQOL) between physicians working in stroke care and the general population, and to evaluate personal and professional characteristics associated with HRQOL of physicians working in stroke care. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting and Participants: All board-certified members of the Japanese Neurosurgical Society and the Societas Neurologica Japonica working in Japan. Main outcome measure: Scores of HRQOL (physical and mental) as assessed by the Short-Form 8 (SF-8). Statistical analysis: We compared scores of physician’s HRQOL with standard values of the general population. Factors associated with HRQOL were identified by multivariable regression analysis with stepwise variable selection. Results: Of 11,211 stroke physicians who received the survey, 2279 (20.3%) completed the surveys. The mean physical QOL score was 49.4 points (95% CI: 49.1 to 49.7), which was similar to the population norm. However, the mean mental QOL score was below the population norm (46.1 points [95% CI: 45.7 to 46.4]), and 20.8% (475/2279) of stroke physicians had a score lower than one standard deviation below the population norm. The physical QOL score was lower in women than in men (coefficient = –1.66 [95% CI: –2.82 to –0.50]). An increase in nights on call per week was associated with a lower physical QOL (each additional 1 time per week = –0.39 [–0.53 to –0.25]), and an increase in mean sleep time was associated with a higher physical QOL score (each additional 1 hour = 0.87 [0.55 to 1.20]). Physicians who worked more than 40 hours per week had a lower mean mental QOL score than those who worked less than 40 hours per week (each additional 10 hour = –0.40 [–0.57 to –0.24]). A higher salary was associated with a higher mental QOL score (lower than $100 000 = reference; $100 000-149 000 = 0.08 [–1.10 to 1.27]; $150 000-199 000 = 0.68 [–0.61 to 1.97]; $200 000 or more = 1.90 [0.46 to 3.34]), and an increase of 1 day off per week was associated with an increase in mental QOL score (each additional 1 day = 0.88 [0.24 to 1.52]). Limitation: This study was based on a cross-sectional design and was thus unable to determine the causal effects of factors. Conclusion: Mental QOL scores of stroke physicians are significantly lower than those of the population norm. Work hours, salary, and numbers of days off are associated with the mental QOL score.

scholarly journals 34. The Prevalence of Rose Angina is Increased in People Reporting Chronic Pain: Results from a Cross-Sectional General Population Study

Rheumatology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. i68-i68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke C. Conway ◽  
Blair H. Smith ◽  
Lynne J. Hocking ◽  
Mark M. McGilchrist ◽  
Anna F. Dominiczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Population Study
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