scholarly journals Alterations of the Neuroinflammatory Markers IL-6 and TRAIL in Alzheimer's Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Ying Wu ◽  
Jung-Lung Hsu ◽  
Han-Cheng Wang ◽  
Shyh-Jong Wu ◽  
Chen-Jee Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Apoe Genotypes ◽  
Fluid Levels

Objective: We aimed to identify biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in order to improve diagnostic accuracy at mild stage. Methods: AD patients aged >50 years were included in the disease group. We evaluated the relationship between potential blood and cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory biomarkers, cognitive status, temporal lobe atrophy and disease severity. Inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-18, fractalkine and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) levels were measured. APOE genotypes were determined. Results: We enrolled 41 subjects in the disease group and 40 subjects in the normal control group. The majority (88.9%) of subjects in the disease group had mild AD. Elevated levels of plasma IL-6 and decreased levels of plasma TRAIL in the disease group were noted. Plasma levels of IL-6 and TRAIL were significantly correlated with their cerebrospinal fluid levels. Conclusion: Plasma IL-6 and TRAIL were identified as potential biomarkers of AD at an early stage.

A mentally stimulating activities program for the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Angie L. Sardina, PhD ◽  
Suzanne Fitzsimmons, MSN, ARNP, GNP ◽  
Catherine M. Hoyt, BA ◽  
Linda L. Buettner, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Control Group

This study evaluated whether a mentally stimulating activities (MSA) program reduced neuropsychiatric symptoms and improved cognitive status and quality of life, as compared to a support group for persons in the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This randomized controlled trial included 81 adults (aged 55+), who were randomly assigned to the MSA group (treatment) or a social support group (control). A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) identified that MSA participants significantly reduced apathy (p 0.001) and depressive symptoms (p 0.001), as well as improved cognitive status (p 0.001) and quality of life (p 0.001) as compared to the control group. A structured classroom-style MSA program may be a viable and therapeutic intervention to alleviate neuropsychiatric symptoms, and improve cognitive status and quality of life in early-stage AD.

scholarly journals sTREM 2 cerebrospinal fluid levels are a potential biomarker for microglia activity in early‐stage Alzheimer's disease and associate with neuronal injury markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 466-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Suárez‐Calvet ◽  
Gernot Kleinberger ◽  
Miguel Ángel Araque Caballero ◽  
Matthias Brendel ◽  
Axel Rominger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Neuronal Injury ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Fluid Levels

Cerebrospinal fluid levels of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) in Alzheimer's disease

1997 ◽  
Vol 104 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Jiménez-Jiménez ◽  
F. de Bustos ◽  
J. A. Molina ◽  
J. Benito-León ◽  
A. Tallón-Barranco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels ◽  
Fluid Levels

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of sAPPαand sAPPβin Lewy Body and Alzheimer's Disease: Clinical and Neurochemical Correlates

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra Mulugeta ◽  
Elisabet Londos ◽  
Oskar Hansson ◽  
Clive Ballard ◽  
Ragnhild Skogseth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Lewy Body Dementia ◽  
Csf Biomarkers ◽  
Commercial Kits ◽  
Neurochemical Correlates ◽  
Fluid Levels

We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the soluble isoforms of amyloid precursor protein (APP; sAPPαsAPPβ) and other CSF biomarkers in 107 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy body dementia (DLB), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), and normal controls (NC) using commercial kits. DLB and PDD were combined in a Lewy body dementia group (LBD). No differences were observed in sAPPαand sAPPβlevels between the groups. Significant correlations were observed between sAPPαand sAPPβand between sAPPβand Mini-Mental State Examination scores in the total group analysis as well as when LBD and AD groups were analyzed separately. sAPPαand sAPPβlevels correlated with Aβ38, Aβ40, Aβ42, and Tau in the LBD group. In AD, sAPPαcorrelated with p-Tau and sAPPβwith Aβ40. The differential association between sAPPαand sAPPβwith Aβand Tau species between LBD and AD groups suggests a possible relationship with the underlying pathologies in LBD and AD.

Preclinical Cognitive Trajectories Differ for Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika J. Laukka ◽  
Stuart W.S. MacDonald ◽  
Laura Fratiglioni ◽  
Lars Bäckman
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Preclinical Ad

AbstractWe investigated differences between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) from the appearance of the first cognitive symptoms, focusing on both time of onset and rate of accelerated decline for different cognitive functions before dementia diagnosis. Data from a longitudinal population-based study were used, including 914 participants (mean age = 82.0 years, SD = 5.0) tested with a cognitive battery (word recall and recognition, Block Design, category fluency, clock reading) on up to four occasions spanning 10 years. We fit a series of linear mixed effects models with a change point to the cognitive data, contrasting each dementia group to a control group. Significant age-related decline was observed for all five cognitive tasks. Relative to time of diagnosis, the preclinical AD persons deviated from the normal aging curve earlier (up to 9 years) compared to the preclinical VaD persons (up to 6 years). However, once the preclinical VaD persons started to decline, they deteriorated at a faster rate than the preclinical AD persons. The results have important implications for identifying the two dementia disorders at an early stage and for selecting cognitive tasks to evaluate treatment effects for persons at risk of developing AD and VaD. (JINS, 2012, 18, 191–199)

scholarly journals Brevican and Neurocan Peptides as Potential Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Differentiation Between Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Karolina Minta ◽  
Gunnar Brinkmalm ◽  
Erik Portelius ◽  
Per Johansson ◽  
Johan Svensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers

Background: Brevican and neurocan are central nervous system-specific extracellular matrix proteoglycans. They are degraded by extracellular enzymes, such as metalloproteinases. However, their degradation profile is largely unexplored in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Objective: The study aim was to quantify proteolytic peptides derived from brevican and neurocan in human CSF of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) compared with controls. Methods: The first cohort consisted of 75 individuals including 25 patients with AD, 7 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosed with AD upon follow-up, 10 patients with VaD or MCI diagnosed with VaD upon follow-up, and 33 healthy controls and cognitively stable MCI patients. In the second cohort, 31 individuals were included (5 AD patients, 14 VaD patients and 12 healthy controls). Twenty proteolytic peptides derived from brevican (n = 9) and neurocan (n = 11) were quantified using high-resolution parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. Results: In the first cohort, the majority of CSF concentrations of brevican and neurocan peptides were significantly decreased inVaDas compared withADpatients (AUC = 0.83.0.93, p≤0.05) and as compared with the control group (AUC = 0.79.0.87, p ≤ 0.05). In the second cohort, CSF concentrations of two brevican peptides (B87, B156) were significantly decreased in VaD compared with AD (AUC = 0.86.0.91, p ≤ 0.05) and to controls (AUC = 0.80.0.82, p ≤ 0.05), while other brevican and neurocan peptides showed a clear trend to be decreased in VaD compared with AD (AUC = 0.64.80, p > 0.05). No peptides differed between AD and controls. Conclusion: Brevican and neurocan peptides are potential diagnostic biomarkers for VaD, with ability to separate VaD from AD.

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