Central Administration of the Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Analogue, Axokine, Does Not Play a Role in Long-Term Energy Homeostasis in Adult Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 103 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Borg ◽  
Alex Reichenbach ◽  
Moyra Lemus ◽  
Brian J. Oldfield ◽  
Zane B. Andrews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Central Administration ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Term Energy

The anorexigenic cytokine ciliary neurotrophic factor stimulates POMC gene expression via receptors localized in the nucleus of arcuate neurons

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (4) ◽  
pp. E458-E467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Couvreur ◽  
Alain Aubourg ◽  
Delphine Crépin ◽  
Jéril Degrouard ◽  
Arieh Gertler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Nucleus ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Hypothalamic Region ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Food Intake Regulation ◽  
Pomc Gene ◽  
Intake Regulation

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a neural cytokine that reduces appetite and body weight when administrated to rodents or humans. We have demonstrated recently that the level of CNTF in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), a key hypothalamic region involved in food intake regulation, is positively correlated with protection against diet-induced obesity. However, the comprehension of the physiological significance of neural CNTF action was still incomplete because CNTF lacks a signal peptide and thus may not be secreted by the classical exocytosis pathways. Knowing that CNTF distribution shares similarities with that of its receptor subunits in the rat ARC, we hypothesized that CNTF could exert a direct intracrine effect in ARC cells. Here, we demonstrate that CNTF, together with its receptor subunits, translocates to the cell nucleus of anorexigenic POMC neurons in the rat ARC. Furthermore, the stimulation of hypothalamic nuclear fractions with CNTF induces the phosphorylation of several signaling proteins, including Akt, as well as the transcription of the POMC gene. These data strongly suggest that intracellular CNTF may directly modulate POMC gene expression via the activation of receptors localized in the cell nucleus, providing a novel plausible mechanism of CNTF action in regulating energy homeostasis.

scholarly journals Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor Mediates Dopamine D2 Receptor-Induced CNS Neurogenesis in Adult Mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 2231-2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Yang ◽  
S. A. Arnold ◽  
A. Habas ◽  
M. Hetman ◽  
T. Hagg
Keyword(s):  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Dopamine D2 ◽  
Adult Mice

scholarly journals Ciliary neurotrophic factor induces cholinergic differentiation of rat sympathetic neurons in culture.

1989 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1807-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Saadat ◽  
M Sendtner ◽  
H Rohrer
Keyword(s):  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Selective Survival ◽  
Enzyme Molecules

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) influences the levels of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in cultures of dissociated sympathetic neurons from newborn rats. In the presence of CNTF both the total and specific activity of ChAT was increased 7 d after culture by 15- and 18-fold, respectively, as compared to cultures kept in the absence of CNTF. Between 3 and 21 d in culture in the presence of CNTF the total ChAT activity increased by a factor of greater than 100. Immunotitration demonstrated that the elevated ChAT levels were due to an increased number of enzyme molecules. In contrast to the increase in ChAT levels, the total and specific activity levels of TH were decreased by 42 and 36%, respectively, after 7 d in culture. Half-maximal effects for both ChAT increase and TH decrease were obtained at CNTF concentrations of approximately 0.6 ng and maximal levels were reached at 1 ng of CNTF per milliliter of medium. The effect of CNTF on TH and ChAT levels were seen in serum-containing medium as well as in serum-free medium. CNTF was shown to have only a small effect on the long-term survival of rat sympathetic neurons. We therefore concluded that the effects of CNTF on ChAT and TH are not due to selective survival of cells that acquire cholinergic traits in vitro, but are rather due to the induction of cholinergic differentiation of noradrenergic sympathetic neurons.

scholarly journals Functional Role of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Upregulation in Hypothalamic Leptin Resistance and Long-Term Energy Homeostasis

Diabetes ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 894-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Reed ◽  
E. K. Unger ◽  
L. E. Olofsson ◽  
M. L. Piper ◽  
M. G. Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Term Energy

scholarly journals Obesity, food intake and exercise: Relationship with ghrelin

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gul Tiryaki-Sonmez ◽  
Serife Vatansever ◽  
Burcin Olcucu ◽  
Brad Schoenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
General Adult Population ◽  
Orexigenic Peptide ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Short And Long Term

SummaryObesity, a disorder of body composition, is defined by a relative or absolute excess of body fat. In general adult population, obesity has been associated with a diverse array of adverse health outcomes, including major causes of death such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, as well as functional impairment from problems such as osteoarthritis and sleep apnea. Ghrelin is a newly discovered peptide hormone which plays an important role in obesity. It is a powerful, endogenous orexigenic peptide and has a crucial function in appetite regulation, as well as short – and long-term energy homeostasis. In the presence of increased obesity, decreased physical activity, and high food consumption, the relationship between exercise, appetite, food intake and ghrelin levels has important implications. In this review, we discuss the effect of acute and chronic exercise performance on appetite, food intake and ghrelin and their relationships.

Tamoxifen treatment in the neonatal period affects glucose homeostasis in adult mice in a sex-dependent manner

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Estrada-Meza ◽  
Jasmine Videlo ◽  
Clara Bron ◽  
Cécile Saint-Béat ◽  
Marine Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Tamoxifen Treatment ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bone Biology ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Receptor Modulator ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Somatic Mutagenesis

Abstract Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator used to activate the CRE ERT2 recombinase, allowing tissue-specific and temporal control of the somatic mutagenesis to generate transgenic mice. Studies integrating development and metabolism require a genetic modification induced by a neonatal tamoxifen administration. Here, we investigate the effects of a neonatal tamoxifen administration on energy homeostasis in adult male and female C57BL/6J mice. C57BL/6J male and female mouse pups received a single injection of tamoxifen one day after birth (NTT) and were fed a high-fat/high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet at 6 weeks of age. We measured weight, body composition, glucose and insulin tolerance, basal metabolism and tibia length and weight in adult mice. The neonatal tamoxifen administration exerted long-term, sex-dependent effects on energy homeostasis. NTT female mice became overweight and developed impaired glucose control in comparison to vehicle-treated littermates. NTT females exhibited 60% increased fat mass, increased food intake, decreased physical activity and decreased energy expenditure, impaired glucose and insulin tolerance, and fasting hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. In contrast, NTT male mice exhibited a modest amelioration of glucose and insulin tolerance, and long-term decreased lean mass linked to decreased bone weight. These results suggest that the neonatal tamoxifen administration exerted a marked and sex-dependent influence on adult energy homeostasis and bone weight, and must therefore be used with caution for the development of transgenic mouse models regarding studies on energy homeostasis and bone biology.

scholarly journals Long-term lentiviral-mediated expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor in the striatum of Huntington's disease transgenic mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Zala ◽  
Jean-Charles Bensadoun ◽  
Luis Pereira de Almeida ◽  
Blair R. Leavitt ◽  
Claire-Anne Gutekunst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor
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