Acute Psychogeriatric Inpatient Treatment Improves Neuropsychiatric Symptoms but Impairs the Level of Functioning in Patients with Dementia

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna-Mari Alanen ◽  
Anneli Pitkänen ◽  
Kirsti Suontaka-Jamalainen ◽  
Olli Kampman ◽  
Esa Leinonen
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Examination

Aims: To explore the impact of hospitalization on neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and the level of functioning in patients with dementia. Our aim was also to study the influence of psychotropic medications. Methods: Behavioral disturbances, cognition and functional status of 89 patients were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Mini-Mental State Examination, Barthel Index, and Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCSADL). Results: The total NPI score decreased from 34.6 to 19.5 (p < 0.001), and ADL decreased from 32.2 to 21.7 (p < 0.001) during the hospital stay (mean of 44 days). For a change in ADL, only the effect of anxiolytics was significant (p = 0.045). For a change in NPI with antipsychotic and anxiolytic doses and Mini-Mental State Examination as covariates, no significant relationship was found. Conclusion: NPS improved significantly during hospitalization, but neither antipsychotic nor anxiolytic medication use explained this improvement. In patients using anxiolytics, the functional decline was substantial. These results do not support anxiolytic use in demented patients with NPS.

A 1-year, placebo-controlled preservation of function survival study of donepezil in AD patients

Neurology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Mohs ◽  
R. S. Doody ◽  
J.C. Morris ◽  
J. R. Ieni ◽  
S. L. Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
State Examination

Objective: To examine the effects of donepezil compared with placebo on the preservation of function in patients with AD over a 1-year period.Methods: This was a prospective, 54-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, survival to endpoint study. Patients were required to have at entry: a diagnosis of probable AD (National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke criteria); Mini-Mental State Examination score of 12 to 20; Clinical Dementia Rating of 1 or 2; modified Hachinski ischemia score ≤4; and capability of performing 8 of 10 instrumental activities of daily living and 5 of 6 basic activities of daily living. Patients (n = 431) were randomized to placebo or donepezil (5 mg/day for 28 days, 10 mg/day thereafter). Outcome measures were the AD Functional Assessment and Change Scale, the Mini-Mental State Examination, and Clinical Dementia Rating scale. At each visit, investigators determined whether predefined criteria for clinically evident decline in functional status had been met. Patients who met the endpoint criteria were discontinued per protocol.Results: Donepezil extended the median time to clinically evident functional decline by 5 months versus placebo. The probability of patients treated with donepezil remaining in the study with no clinically evident functional loss was 51% at 48 weeks, compared with 35% for placebo. The Kaplan–Meier survival curves for the two treatment groups were different (p = 0.002, log-rank test).Conclusions: Patients with AD continue to show detectable disease progression over time, but treatment with donepezil for 1 year was associated with a 38% reduction in the risk of functional decline compared with placebo.

scholarly journals Caregiver burden in patients with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and non-fluent variant and semantic variant primary progressive aphasia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Guger ◽  
Stefan Raschbacher ◽  
Lukas Kellermair ◽  
Milan R. Vosko ◽  
Christian Eggers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Primary Progressive Aphasia ◽  
Frontal Lobe Functions ◽  
Sum Scores ◽  
State Examination

AbstractStudies on caregiver burden in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration are rare, differ methodologically and show variable results. Single center longitudinal pilot study on caregiver burden and potential risk factors in patients with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and semantic (svPPA) and non-fluent variants (nfvPPA) primary progressive aphasia. Forty-six bvFTD, nine svPPA, and six nfvPPA patients and caring relatives were analysed for up to 2 years using the Mini-Mental State Examination as global measure for cognitive performance, Frontal Assessment Battery (frontal lobe functions), Frontal Behavioural Inventory (personality and behaviour), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (dementia-related neuropsychiatric symptoms), Barthel Index and Lawton IADL Scale (basic and instrumental activities of daily living), the Caregiver Strain Index (CSI), and in most participants also the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). CSI baseline sum scores were highest in bvFTD (mean ± SD 5.5 ± 3.4, median 5, IQR 6), intermediate in svPPA (2.9 ± 2.3; 3; 3.5) and low in nfvPPA (1.6 ± 2.1; 1; 2). Similar differences of caregiver burden were found using the ZBI. During follow-up, CSI and ZBI sum scores deteriorated in svPPA, not in bvFTD and nfvPPA, and correlated significantly with personality and behaviour, neuropsychiatric symptoms, caregiver age, and instrumental, but not basic activities of daily living, Mini-Mental State Examination scores or frontal lobe functions. This study reveals differences in caregiver burden in variants of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Caregivers should be systematically asked for caregiver burden from the time of the diagnosis to provide comprehensive support in time.

scholarly journals Education does not equally influence all the Mini Mental State Examination subscales and items: inferences from a Brazilian community sample

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerson Laks ◽  
Evandro Silva Freire Coutinho ◽  
Washington Junger ◽  
Heitor Silveira ◽  
Raphael Mouta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Examination

OBJECTIVE: Mini-Mental State Examination cutoffs have been presented for schooling levels to screen cognitive impairment. However, items may behave differently with regards to education. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of education on MMSE subscales and items. METHOD: Community-dwelling participants aged 65 years or more (n = 990, females = 637, age = 74.1 years, range 65-108) were stratified as illiterate (n = 373), 1-8 (n = 540), 9-12 (n = 63), and more than 12 years of schooling (n = 14) and were screened with MMSE and Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire. To make the Mini-Mental State Examination items comparable, each item was transformed into z scores. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the effect of schooling on MMSE subs and items controlling for age, sex, and activities of daily life. RESULTS: Temporal and space orientation, attention/calculation, repetition, reading, writing, and drawing scores improved as education increased, but not memory registration, three step command, and naming. Reading and writing displayed the largest coefficients, whereas education exerted no influence on naming and three step command tasks. CONCLUSION: Education does not exert an important effect on naming, three step command, memory registration, and delayed recall. As memory is a key factor for diagnosing dementia, these items could be considered despite education.

scholarly journals Προσδιορισμός των επιπέδων της α-συνουκλεΐνης στο εγκεφαλονωτιαίο υγρό και το πλάσμα ασθενών με νόσο Parkinson, άνοια της νόσου Parkinson και άνοια με σωμάτια Lewy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Αναστασία Μπουγέα
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
State Examination

Θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο: Η νόσος του Πάρκινσον(PD), η άνοια στη νόσο του Πάρκινσον (PDD) και η άνοια με τα σώματα Lewy (DLB) αποτελούν κλινικά σύνδρομα γνωστά ως διαταραχές των σωματίων Lewy (LBD) επειδή έχουντα σωμάτια Lewyως κοινό παθολο-ανατομικό χαρακτηριστικό. Δεδομένου ότι η διάγνωσή τους παραμένει κυρίως κλινική, υπάρχει μεγάλο ενδιαφέρον για τη χρήση ενός ή περισσοτέρων βιοδεικτών για την έγκαιρη και έγκυρη διάγνωση και τη διαφορική διάγνωση μεταξύ αυτών των διαφορετικών μορφών παρκινσονισμού. Η α-συνουκλεΐνη (α-Syn) έχει κερδίσει την προσοχή ως εν δυνάμει βιοδείκτηςγια τις συνουκλεϊνοπάθειες. Ωστόσο,ο προσδιορισμός της ολικής α-Syn στο εγκεφαλονωτιαίο υγρό (ΕΝΥ) με τη μέθοδο ELISA και άλλες παρόμοιες τεχνικές απέδωσε αντικρουόμενα αποτελέσματα. Αντίστοιχες μελέτες της α-Syn στο πλάσμα/ορό έχουν επίσης δώσει αβέβαια αποτελέσματα. Τέτοιες αποκλίσεις έχουν συχνά αποδοθεί σε προ-αναλυτικούς και αναλυτικούς συγχυτικούς παράγοντες (ημερήσια διακύμανση, κεφαλοουραία διαβάθμιση της συγκλεντρωσης εντός του κεντρικού νευρικού συστήματος, το φύλο, την ηλικία και, κυρίως, η επιμόλυνση του ΕΝΥ από αίμα), στις διαφορετικές μεθόδους ELISA και στη μέτρηση διαφορετικών τύπων της α-Syn στο ΕΝΥ και το πλάσμα. Σκοπός: Έτσι, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τις αδυναμίες των προηγούμενων ερευνών, η παρούσα διατριβή στοχεύει να ελέγξει για πιθανή διαφορά των επιπέδων της α-Syn στο ΕΝΥ, τον ορό και το πλάσμα ανάμεσα σε ασθενείς με νόσο PD, PDD, DLB και υγιείς μάρτυρες και τη διαγνωστική της αξία χρησιμοποιώντας βέλτιστες δυνατές μεθόδους και αυστηρή τήρηση των προαναλυτικών και αναλυτικών κατευθυντήριων οδηγιών.Μεθοδολογία: Στη μελέτη συμμετείχαν 77 ασθενείς (30 με PD, 18 με PDD και 29 με DLB) οι οποίοι νοσηλευτηκαν στην Α΄ Νευρολογική κλινική του Αιγινητείου Νοσοκομείου της Ιατρικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών. Η διάγνωση ετέθη βάσει των πλέον πρόσφατων διαγνωστικών κλινικών κριτηρίων. Σε όλους τους ασθενείς ελήφθη πλήρες ιστορικό και διενεργήθηκε ενδελεχής αντικειμενική νευρολογική εξέταση. Επίσης υποβλήθησαν σε πλήρη κλινικοεργαστηριακό και απεικονιστικό έλεγχο, συμπεριλαμβανομένου τομοσπινθηρογραφήματος βασικών γαγγλίων με 123Ι-ioflupane (SPECT). Επίσης διενεργήθηκε νευροψυχολογικός έλεγχος με τις κάτωθι δοκιμασίες: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), CLOX 1-2, Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI),Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorder in Parkinson's Disease-Rating Scale (QUIP) και Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Η κινητική αναπηρία των παρκινσονικών ασθενών αξιολογήθηκε με βάση την κλίμακα Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS Ι-ΙV), η σταδιοποίησή τους με τις κλίμακες των Hoehn και Yahrκαι των Schwab και England. Η ομάδα ελέγχου αποτελείται από 30 υγιή άτομα χωρίς ιστορικό νευρολογικής ή ψυχιατρικής νόσου και φυσιολογική βαθμολογία στις ανωτέρω δοκιμασίες και κλίμακες. Όλοι οι συμμετέχοντες υποβλήθηκαν σε οσφυϊκή παρακέντηση μεταξύ 9-12 π.μ. μετά από ολονύκτια νηστεία. Δείγματα ΕΝΥ και πλάσματος/ ορού ελήφθησαν σε σωληνάρια από πολυπροπυλένιο, φυγοκεντρήθηκαν σε 2000xg για 10 λεπτά και αποθηκεύτηκαν στους -80 ° C μέχρι την ανάλυση. Δείγματα ΕΝΥ με περισσότερα από 50 ερυθρά αιμοσφαίρια απορρίφθηκαν. Αποτελέσματα: Η ηλικία κατά την έναρξη της νόσου ήταν μεγαλύτερη στους ασθενείς με DLB και οι βαθμολογίες MMSE ήταν υψηλότερες σε ασθενείς με PD. Μεγαλύτερες μέσες τιμές UPDRS-III καταγράφηκαν στους PDD και χαμηλότερες σε ασθενείς με PD. Μετά τη διόρθωση του Bonferroni διαπιστώθηκαν σημαντικά χαμηλότερες τιμές του Αβ42 σε ασθενείς με DLB σε σύγκριση με μάρτυρες (p = 0,002), ασθενείς με PD (p <0,001) και ασθενείς με PDD (p = 0,021). Επιπλέον, ηΤΡ-181 είχε σημαντικά χαμηλότερες τιμές σε ασθενείς με PD σε σύγκριση με ασθενείς με DLB (p = 0,028). Μεγαλύτερες τιμές α-Syn στο ΕΝΥ βρέθηκαν σε ασθενείς με DLB σε σύγκριση με τους μάρτυρες (p <0,001), ασθενείς με PD (p <0,001) και με PDD (p <0,001). Η ομάδα έλεγχου είχε σημαντικά χαμηλότερες τιμές α-Syn ορού σε σύγκριση με τους ασθενείς με PD (p <0,001), με PDD (p <0,001) και με DLB (p <0,001). Επιπλέον, οι ασθενείς με PDD είχαν σημαντικά υψηλότερες τιμές του πλάσματος α-Syn σε σύγκριση με τους μάρτυρες (p= 0,023). Ανεξαρτήτως ομάδας ασθενών, τα επίπεδα της α-Syn στο ΕΝΥ συσχετίζονταν σημαντικά με την Aβ42, ενώ τα επίπεδα της α-Syn στο πλάσμα συσχετίζονταν με την Τp-181. Αφαιρώντας τους 7 ασθενείς με DLB με προφιλ ΕΝΥ παθολογίας τύπου Alzheimer (Τt≥ 376, Aβ42≤580 and ΤP-181≥ 62.5 pg/ml) ανεύρεθηκαν σημαντικά υψηλότερες τιμές για την α-Syn ορού και πλάσματος αλλά οριακά για την πρωτεϊνη ΤP-181 στην ομάδα των LBDs συγκριτικά με την ομάδα ελέγχου. Η ανάλυση ROC έδειξε ότι οι α-Syn και Αβ42 στο ΕΝΥ είχαν την καλύτερη διακριτική ικανότητα μεταξύ PD και DLB. Επιπλέον, η διακριτική ικανότητα μεταξύ PDD και DLB ήταν παρόμοια για τις α-Syn και Αβ42 στο ΕΝΥ. Η α-Syn στον ορό έδειξε την καλύτερη διακριτική ικανότητα μεταξύ των PD και μαρτύρων ή μεταξύ PDD και μαρτύρων. Προέκυψαν τέλος οριακές συσχετίσεις μεταξύ βιοδεικτών της α-Syn και της Τp-181 και συγκεκριμένων νευροψυχολογικών/συμπεριφορικών κλιμάκων. Συμπεράσματα: Η α-Syn και η Αβ42 στο ΕΝΥ και τον ορο θα μπορούσαν να θεωρηθουν εν δυναμει βιοδεικτες για την διαφοροδιαγνωση των ασθενών στο φάσμα της LBD αφού έδειξαν την καλύτερη διακριτική ικανότητα μεταξύ των ομάδων PD- PDD και DLB. Εφ’ όσον επιβεβαιωθούν τα αποτελέσματα, η α-Syn του ορού, και, σε μικρότερο βαθμό, του πλάσματος, θα μπορούσαν να θεωρηθούν βιοδείκτες διάγνωσης των LBDs, καθώς εμφανίζουν υψηλότερες τιμές σε σχέση με άτομα ελέγχου.

scholarly journals OVERVIEW OF COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN THE ELDERLY WITH VARIATIONS OF TOTAL REMAINING TEETH REVIEW FROM MINI-MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 168-181
Author(s):  
Ifwandi ◽  
Dewi Saputri ◽  
Liana Rahmayani ◽  
Pocut Aya Sofya ◽  
Syahrial ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Examination

When a person reaches the elderly phase, the function of the body's organs decreases, which causes an increased risk of disease and death. Including dental infections such as caries and periodontal disease which are the main factors for tooth loss. Tooth loss does not only affect the impact of mastication but also affects a person's cognitive function. This condition occurs because when a person loses teeth, the function of the Periodontal Mechanoreceptors decreases, disrupting the function of the hippocampus which is important for memory in the brain. Loss of a large number of teeth tends to indicate low cognitive function, but several factors affect cognitive function, namely education level, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, heart disease, depression, sleep disorders, head injury, physical activity, and a history of smoking. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a tool to assess a person's cognitive function. This study aims to see the description of cognitive function in the elderly at the Geunaseh Sayang Nursing Home with variations in the number of tooth losses. This study was conducted with 43 research subjects with interviews and intra-oral examination methods. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the elderly who only have fewer teeth show a higher decline in cognitive function compared to the elderly with more teeth in the oral cavity. This is following the theory which states that the more teeth you lose, the lower your cognitive function will be. 

Long-Term Use of Rivastigmine in Patients With Dementia With Lewy Bodies: An Open-Label Trial

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Grace ◽  
Sarah Daniel ◽  
Timothy Stevens ◽  
K. K. Shankar ◽  
Zuzanna Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Open Label Trial ◽  
State Examination

Patients with dementia with lewy bodies (DLB) have progressive deficits in cognition, parkinsonism, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Cholinesterase inhibitors have been used to ameliorate cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms in short-term trials. In this study, patients with DLB were treated with rivastigmine up to 96 weeks. Improvement from baseline was seen in cognitive function as measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and neuropsychiatric symptoms as measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) over the first 24 weeks of treatment. By 96 weeks, neither the MMSE scores nor the NPI scores were significantly worse than at baseline.

Comparison between the accuracy of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination in the detection of mild cognitive impairment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayyereh Aminisani ◽  
Rasoul alimi ◽  
Ali Javadpour ◽  
Mohhamad Asghari-Jafarabadi ◽  
Mozhgan Jourian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
State Examination

Abstract Introduction:Ageing can cause major changes in the central nervous system of the body, resulting in cognitive decline and associated disorders. Therefore, there is a growing need for an effective cognitive screening method to enhance the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairments and to prevent occurring dementia and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Our study aimed to compare the accuracy of MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) and MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) while evaluating the independent and interaction effects of age and educational level on these screening tools in a healthy sample.Method: The data for the current study was based on the registration phase of the study during 2016-2018 in Neyshabour Longitudinal Study on Ageing (NeLSA). Both the MoCA and MMSE tests were used to assess cognitive decline among 3326 participants aged 50-94 years of old. The ROC curve analysis and the predictive values were performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MMSE to discriminate Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) from the cognitively healthy adult basis of MoCA scores as a gold test. A two-way ANCOVA was run to examine the effect of Age and Education level on MoCA and MMSE score, while controlling for a gender effect. Data were analyzed using MedCalc Statistical Software version 13.0.6 (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium; http://www.medcalc.org; 2014). Results: The chi-square test shows that MoCA ((72% and 90%) significantly (p-value<0.001() classified more persons as cognitively impaired than the MMSE (45.1%), respectively; using a cutoff score of 24 on the MMSE, 23 and 26 on the MoCA. The cut-off point of below 25 yielded the highest Youden J index for the MMSE in discrimination between MCI and healthy basis of MOCA<23 with an AUC of 0.9 (95% CI: 0.89-0.91) and MOCA<26 with an AUC of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.86-0.89). A two-way ANCOVA results show that the effect of education variable on the MMSE and MoCA score is more important than the age variable.Discussion: Although the cut-off scores give a clear indication of the sensitivity and specificity, they are unable to monitor the impact of confounders, which increase the risk of incorrect classification. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the use of demographically adjusted MoCA and MMSE scores that could provide clinicians with a more reliable estimation of the severity of cognitive impairment, thus increasing the instrument's clinical usefulness.

scholarly journals Effects of dance on the postural balance, cognition and functional autonomy of older adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 5) ◽  
pp. 2302-2309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Gomes da Silva Borges ◽  
Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale ◽  
Carlos Soares Pernambuco ◽  
Samaria Ali Cader ◽  
Selma Pedra Chaves Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ballroom Dancing ◽  
Functional Autonomy ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the postural balance, cognition and functional autonomy of older adults with dementia, who are long-stay inpatients, subjected to ballroom dancing. Method: simple randomized clinical study. Older adult sample: control group (30) and experimental group (30). The groups were subjected to the protocol of functional autonomy for activities of daily living; to the assessment of cognition (mini-mental state examination); and to the analysis of postural balance (stabilometric and postural platforms). The analysis of variance with repeated measures for group and time factors, and Scheffé’s post hoc test were used, with significance of p < 0.05. Results: For the mini-mental state examination, the control group presented a 24.27 mean, and the experimental 22.75. Functional autonomy for activities of daily living – experimental: 54.47 ± 7.24 (p < 0.0001) x control: 61.77 ± 8.47 (p = 0.011). Postural balance – experimental: X = 3.16 ± 3.44 (p = 0.02) x control = X = 6.30 ± 7.62 (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Ballroom dancing can be recommended for older adults to provide improvement in their balance and motor performance of the activities of daily living.

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