The Protective Action of ABO Incompatibility on Rh Isoimmunization and Rh Hemolytic Disease. Theoretical and Clinical Implications

2015 ◽  
pp. 189-189
Author(s):  
P. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Protective Action ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Rh Isoimmunization ◽  
Abo Incompatibility

HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN DUE TO ANTI-A AND ANTI-B

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Clare N. Shumway ◽  
Gerald Miller ◽  
Lawrence E. Young
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Abo Incompatibility

Ten infants with hemolytic disease of the newborn due to ABO incompatibility were studied. In every case the investigations were undertaken because of jaundice occurring in the first 24 hours of life. The clinical, hematologic and serologic observations in the infants and the serologic findings in the maternal sera are described. Evidence is presented to show that the diagnosis of the disorder rests largely upon the demonstration of spherocytosis, increased osmotic fragility of the red cells, reticulocytosis, and hyperbilirubinemia in a newborn infant whose red blood cells are incompatible with the maternal major blood group isoantibody and against whose cells no other maternal isoantibody is demonstrable. The anti-A or anti-B in each of the maternal sera tested in this series hemolyzed A or B cells in the presence of complement. Other serologic findings in the maternal sera were less consistently demonstrated.

scholarly journals An Unusual Case of Hemolytic Disease of Newborn Due to ABO and Rh Isoimmunization

Cureus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman S Routray ◽  
Jagdish P Sahoo ◽  
Rachita Behera ◽  
Devi Acharya ◽  
Girija N Kanungo
Keyword(s):  
Unusual Case ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Rh Isoimmunization

HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN DUE TO ABO INCOMPATIBILITY: A STUDY OF THE USE OF GROUP O ERYTHROCYTES IN AB PLASMA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-669
Author(s):  
Donald L. Goldfarb ◽  
Victor Ginsberg ◽  
Mary Kaufman ◽  
Margaret G. Robinson ◽  
R. Janet Watson
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Conventional Group ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Abo Incompatibility

Twenty-four infants with hemolytic disease of the newborn due to ABO incompatibility requiring exchange transfusion were treated randomly with either group O blood low in titer for iso-antibodies or washed packed group O erythrocytes resuspended in group AB plasma. No significant differences in survival, sequelae, number of exchange transfusions required or the course of postexchange bilirubin levels was observed. It is concluded that group O cells in AB plasma is not an improvement over conventional group O blood.

The Clinical Spectrum of ABO Incompatibility and Hemolytic Disease in the Newborn

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 1182-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latha B. Rao ◽  
Zohaib Ahmed ◽  
Bulent Ozgonenel
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Clinical Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Rh Incompatibility

Abstract Abstract 1182 Introduction: ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs almost exclusively in infants of blood group A or B who are born to group O mothers. Although ABO incompatibility is common, its related hemolytic disease has been reported to be low. In this study, we aimed to investigate the rate of direct anti-globulin test (DAT) positivity and clinical events, such as hyperbilirubinemia or anemia in infants born to group O mothers. Methods: Using the charge code for cord blood evaluation, we were able to identify all cord blood evaluations from January 1, 2006 - December 31, 2007, and then select out the ABO incompatible births from group O mothers. We then reviewed the electronic medical records for demographic, clinical and laboratory information. Clinical events (anemia, jaundice, hemolytic disease) were investigated only in babies born at 37 weeks or higher gestation. Chi-square tests were used to cross-tabulate clinical events, demographic parameters (gender, ethnicity), and laboratory parameters (AO versus BO incompatibility, DAT-positivity). Results: There were 10,891 live births during the two-year period and 1519 (14%) of these were ABO incompatible. ‘Black’ ethnicity was registered in 80% of these babies. AO and BO incompatibility comprised 57.8% and 42.2% of the cases, respectively. 5.3% of the cases had concomitant Rh incompatibility. DAT was positive in 16.7% of the cases: 13.8% weakly or 1+ positive, and 2.9% 2+ or 3+ positive. DAT was more commonly positive among BO-incompatible cases compared to AO-incompatible cases (21.7% versus 13.1%). Among blacks, DAT-positivity in BO incompatibility was more common (24.9% among blacks compared to 7.8% among non-blacks, p<0.001). Concomitant Rh incompatibility did not affect DAT positivity rate. Among AO-incompatible babies, DAT-positivity was more frequent among females (15.5% in females vs 10.8% in males, p=0.045). 1299 babies were born at term (3 37 weeks gestation).of these infants, hyperbilirubinemia (defined as indirect bilirubin 3 8 mg/dL) was detected in 17.3% of babies. This was significantly associated with DAT positivity (40.6% in DAT-positive cases vs 12.3% in DAT-negative cases, p<0.001) and BO incompatibility (p=0.001). Hemolytic anemia (defined as hematocrit £ 45% and reticulocyte count 3 250,000/mm3 in the first week of life) was noted in 3.4% of cases, and was significantly associated with DAT positivity (13.2% in DAT-positive cases vs 1.1% in DAT-negative cases, p<0.001); BO incompatibility (p=0.001); and black ethnicity (p=0.001). Discussion: Our study indicated that cord blood DAT was positive in 16.7% of ABO incompatible pregnancies. BO-incompatible cases were more likely to be DAT-positive in blacks. AO-incompatibility was more common among girls, consistent with earlier studies that had shown a stronger A antigen expression among female newborns. DAT-positive cases were more likely to develop hyperbilirubinemia or hemolytic anemia. In addition, black ethnicity and BO incompatibility conferred significantly increased risk of hemolytic anemia in our study. Despite this strong association, the sensitivity of the positive DAT was 41.3% for hyperbilirubinemia and 70.5% for hemolytic anemia in ABO incompatibility. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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