Influence of Body Dimensions, Sex and Training on the Energy Cost of Running

2015 ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Ren� Lacour
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Body Dimensions ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running ◽  
And Training

scholarly journals Body composition changes affect energy cost of running during 12 months of specific diet and training in amateur athletes

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 938-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Ghiani ◽  
Elisabetta Marongiu ◽  
Franco Melis ◽  
Giuseppina Angioni ◽  
Irene Sanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Composition Changes ◽  
Assess Body Composition ◽  
And Training ◽  
Specific Diet

Considering the relation between body weight composition and energy cost of running, we tested the hypothesis that by modifying body composition by means of a combined protocol of specific diet and training, the energy cost of motion (Cr) may be reduced. Forty-five healthy and normal-weight subjects were divided into 3 groups that performed a different treatment: the first group attended a dietary protocol (D), the second group participated in a running program (R), and the third group followed both the dietary and running protocols (R&D). Each subject underwent 3 anthropometric and exercise evaluation tests during 1 year (at entry (T0), month 6 (T6), and month 12 (T12)) to assess body composition and Cradjustments. The mean fat mass (FM) values were reduced in R&D from 12.0 ± 4.0 to 10.4 ± 3.0 kg (p < 0.05 T0 vs. T12) and in the D group from 14.2 ± 5.8 to 11.6 ± 4.7 kg (p < 0.05 T0 vs. T12). Conversely, the mean fat free mass values increased in R&D (from 56.3 ± 8.8 to 58.3 ± 9.8 kg, p < 0.05 T0 vs. T12) and in the D group (from 50.6 ± 13.2 to 52.9 ± 13.6 kg, p < 0.05 T0 vs. T12). The mean Cr values of the 2 groups were significantly modified throughout the 1-year protocol (1.48 ± 0.16 and 1.40 ± 0.15 kcal·kg–b·km−1in the R&D group at T0 and T12, respectively; 1.83 ± 0.17 and 1.76 ± 0.23 kcal·kg–b·km−1in D group at T0 to T12, respectively). The R&D and D groups that underwent the diet protocol had a positive change in body composition during the year (FM/fat free mass ratio decline), which determined a Crreduction.

Energy cost of running, cycling and swimming in young triathletes of both sexes

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-305
Author(s):  
V. Bunc ◽  
J. Horcic ◽  
J. Heller ◽  
J. Formánek
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running

Effect of dorsiflexion shoes on the energy cost of running

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Buchheit ◽  
P.B. Laursen ◽  
F. Leblond ◽  
S. Ahmaidi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running

scholarly journals Influence of exercise duration on cardiorespiratory responses, energy cost and tissue oxygenation within a 6 hour treadmill run

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo A. Kerhervé ◽  
Scott McLean ◽  
Karen Birkenhead ◽  
David Parr ◽  
Colin Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Exercise Duration ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Heavy Exercise ◽  
Cerebral Tissue ◽  
Ventilatory Efficiency ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running

PurposeThe physiological mechanisms for alterations in oxygen utilization ($\dot {\mathrm{V }}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$) and the energy cost of running (Cr) during prolonged running are not completely understood, and could be linked with alterations in muscle and cerebral tissue oxygenation.MethodsEight trained ultramarathon runners (three women; mean ± SD; age 37 ± 7 yr; maximum $\dot {\mathrm{V }}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ 60 ± 15 mL min−1 kg−1) completed a 6 hr treadmill run (6TR), which consisted of four modules, including periods of moderate (3 min at 10 km h−1, 10-CR) and heavy exercise intensities (6 min at 70% of maximum $\dot {\mathrm{V }}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, HILL), separated by three, 100 min periods of self-paced running (SP). We measured $\dot {\mathrm{V }}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$, minute ventilation (${\dot {\mathrm{V }}}_{\mathrm{E}}$), ventilatory efficiency (${\dot {\mathrm{V }}}_{\mathrm{E}}:\dot {\mathrm{V }}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$), respiratory exchange ratio (RER),Cr, muscle and cerebral tissue saturation index (TSI) during the modules, and heart rate (HR) and perceived exertion (RPE) during the modules and SP.ResultsParticipants ran 58.3 ± 10.5 km during 6TR. Speed decreased and HR and RPE increased during SP. Across the modules, HR and $\dot {\mathrm{V }}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ increased (10-CR), and RER decreased (10-CR and HILL). There were no significant changes in ${\dot {\mathrm{V }}}_{\mathrm{E}}$, ${\dot {\mathrm{V }}}_{\mathrm{E}}:\dot {\mathrm{V }}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$,Cr, TSI and RPE across the modules.ConclusionsIn the context of positive pacing (decreasing speed), increased cardiac drift and perceived exertion over the 6TR, we observed increased RER and increased HR at moderate and heavy exercise intensity, increased $\dot {\mathrm{V }}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ at moderate intensity, and no effect of exercise duration on ventilatory efficiency, energy cost of running and tissue oxygenation.

Energy Cost of Running in Well-Trained Athletes: Toward Slope-Dependent Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marcel Lemire ◽  
Romain Remetter ◽  
Thomas J. Hureau ◽  
Bernard Geny ◽  
Evelyne Lonsdorfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Step Frequency ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Vertical Stiffness ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running ◽  
Level Running

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the contribution of metabolic, cardiopulmonary, neuromuscular, and biomechanical factors to the energy cost (ECR) of graded running in well-trained runners. Methods: Eight men who were well-trained trail runners (age: 29 [10] y, mean [SD]; maximum oxygen consumption: 68.0 [6.4] mL·min−1·kg−1) completed maximal isometric evaluations of lower limb extensor muscles and 3 randomized trials on a treadmill to determine their metabolic and cardiovascular responses and running gait kinematics during downhill (DR: −15% slope), level (0%), and uphill running (UR: 15%) performed at similar O2 uptake (approximately 60% maximum oxygen consumption). Results: Despite similar O2 demand, ECR was lower in DR versus level running versus UR (2.5 [0.2] vs 3.6 [0.2] vs 7.9 [0.5] J·kg−1·m−1, respectively; all P < .001). Energy cost of running was correlated between DR and level running conditions only (r2 = .63; P = .018). Importantly, while ECR was correlated with heart rate, cardiac output, and arteriovenous O2 difference in UR (all r2 > .50; P < .05), ECR was correlated with lower limb vertical stiffness, ground contact time, stride length, and step frequency in DR (all r2 > .58; P < .05). Lower limb isometric extension torques were not related to ECR whatever the slope. Conclusion: The determining physiological factors of ECR might be slope specific, mainly metabolic and cardiovascular in UR versus mainly neuromuscular and mechanical in DR. This possible slope specificity of ECR during incline running opens the way for the implementation of differentiated physiological evaluations and training strategies to optimize performance in well-trained trail runners.

scholarly journals Energy Cost of Running in an Arctic Fox, Alopex lagopus

2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Fuglei ◽  
Nils A. Øritsland
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Fox ◽  
Alopex Lagopus ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Determine Effect

This work was conducted to determine effect of season and starvation on metabolic rate during running in the Arctic Fox (Alopex lagopus) on Svalbard (78°55’N, 11°56’E), Norway. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure metabolic rate of foxes running on a treadmill and heart rate was monitored using implanted radio transmitters. The relationship between heart rate and metabolic rate was also examined. Metabolic rate increased with running speed. In July the metabolic rate during running almost fitted general equations predicted for mammals, while it was up to 20% lower in January, indicating seasonal variation in metabolic rate. There was a significant positive linear relationship between heart rate and weight specific metabolic rate, suggesting that heart rate can be used as an indicator of metabolic rate. Starvation for 11 days decreased the net cost of running by 13% in January and 17% in July, suggesting that a starved fox runs more energetically efficient than when fed. Heart rate measured in July decreased by 27% during starvation. Re-feeding reversed the starvation-induced reduction in metabolic rate and heart rate during running almost up to post-absorptive levels. The present results are from one fox, and must be considered as preliminary data until further studies are conducted.

Energy cost of running and walking in young women

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9???13 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAROLD B. FALLS ◽  
L. DENNIS HUMPHREY
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running

Increase in energy cost of running at the end of a triathlon

1996 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Guezennec ◽  
J. M. Vallier ◽  
A. X. Bigard ◽  
A. Durey
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running
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