Ultrafiltration Allows to Reduce Cytokine Plasma Concentrations during Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass

2015 ◽  
pp. 86-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Journois ◽  
Philippe Pouard ◽  
B�n�dicte Rolland ◽  
Michel Lagarde
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Cytokine Plasma

Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Profile of Paediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (02) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony K C Chan ◽  
Michael Leaker ◽  
Frederick A Burrows ◽  
William G Williams ◽  
Colleen E Gruenwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Heparin Cofactor Ii ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Sick Children

SummaryThe haemostatic system and the use of heparin during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) have been studied extensively in adults but not in children. Results from adult trials cannot be extrapolated to children because of age-dependent physiologic differences in haemostasis. We studied 22 consecutive paediatric patients who underwent CPB at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto. Fibrinogen, factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, XI, XII, prekallikrein, protein C, protein S, antithrombin (AT), heparin cofactor II, α2-macroglobulin, plasminogen, α2-antiplas- min, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor, thrombin-AT complexes (TAT), D-dimer, heparin (by both anti-factor Xa assay and protamine titration) and activated clotting time (ACT) were assayed perioperatively. The timing of the sampling was: pre heparin, post heparin, after initiation of CPB, during hypothermia, post hypothermia, post protamine reversal and 24 h post CPB. Plasma concentrations of all haemostatic proteins decreased by an average of 56% immediately following the initiation of CPB due to haemodilution. During CPB, the majority of procoagulants, inhibitors and some components of the fibrinolytic system (plasminogen, α2AP) remained stable. However, plasma concentrations of TAT and D-dimers increased during CPB showing that significant activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems occurred. Mechanisms responsible for the activation of haemostasis are likely complex. However, low plasma concentrations of heparin (<2.0 units/ml in 45% of patients) during CPB were likely a major contributing etiology. ACT values showed a poor correlation (r = 0.38) with heparin concentrations likely due to concurrent haemodilution of haemostatic factors, activation of haemostatic system, hypothermia and activation of platelets. In conclusion, CPB in paediatric patients causes global decreases of components of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, primarily by haemodilution and secondarily by consumption.

Plasma concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I and tumor necrosis factor during cardiopulmonary bypass

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1313-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen W Marano ◽  
Leah Ann Garulacan ◽  
Kathleen V Laughlin ◽  
Lisa Igidbashian ◽  
Candace Trace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Syndecan-1 plasma levels during coronary artery bypass surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass

Perfusion ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Svennevig ◽  
TN Hoel ◽  
AS Thiara ◽  
SO Kolset ◽  
A Castelheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Off Pump

The glycocalyx covering the endothelium is shed during ischemia and reperfusion. The shedding is accompanied by increased levels of the glycocalyx component syndecan-1 in the circulation. Our aim was to compare plasma levels of syndecan-1 in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), with or without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Syndecan-1 plasma concentrations were measured in patients undergoing CABG on-pump (n = 22) or off-pump (n = 22). The syndecan-1 concentration increased significantly from 29.5 ± 4.6 ng/mL at baseline to 98.7 ± 9.8 ng/mL (p < 0.01) after the start of CPB or 30 minutes after the induction of anesthesia in the off-pump group. There were no significant differences in peak syndecan-1 plasma concentrations between on-pump and off-pump patients. Plasma levels of syndecan-1 increased significantly during CABG, with or without the use of CPB. There were no significant differences in syndecan-1 concentrations in the two groups.

Room E, 10/17/2000 9: 00 AM - 11: 00 AM (PS) Differences between Plasma Concentrations of Propofol and Values of Diprifusor® during Cardiopulmonary Bypass 

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (3A) ◽  
pp. A-58
Author(s):  
Juan S. Campos ◽  
Jose N. Fernandez ◽  
Josefina S. Galan ◽  
Hector S. Litvan ◽  
Juan V. Landeira
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Plasma Concentrations

Effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on plasma concentrations of diltiazem and its two active metabolites

1994 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BOULIEU ◽  
J. L. BONNEFOUS ◽  
J. J. LEHOT ◽  
P. G. DURAND ◽  
J. F. CHASSIGNOLLE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Active Metabolites

Phosphorylcholine coating offers natural platelet preservation during cardiopulmonary bypass

Perfusion ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
F De Somer ◽  
Y Van Belleghem ◽  
F Caes ◽  
K François ◽  
J Arnout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Factor

Return of blood activated by tissue factor is the main culprit for triggering the coagulation cascade. When this activated blood is diverted from the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit, it becomes possible to evaluate the effect of surface treatment on platelet and complement activation. Twenty adult patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were randomly assigned either to a control group ( n= 10) or to a group in which the CPB circuit was completely coated with phosphorylcholine ( n= 10). Plasma concentrations of platelet factor 4 (PF4), β-thromboglobulin (βTG), C3, C3d, C4, TCC, thrombin generation, haptoglobin and free haemoglobin, as well as blood loss, were measured. No significant differences between the two groups were found for haemolysis and thrombin generation. The mean total release of PF4 and βTG during CPB was 9338± 17303 IU/ml/CPB and 3790± 4104 IU/ml/CPB in the coated group versus 22192± 13931 IU/ml/CPB ( p= 0.011) and 8040± 3986 IU/ml/CPB ( p= 0.005) in the control group. Blood loss was 30% less in the coated group compared to the control group. Phosphorylcholine coating appears to have a favourable effect on blood platelets, which is most obvious after studying the changes during CPB. Clinically, this effect resulted in a 30% reduction in blood loss.

The effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on total and unbound plasma concentrations of propofol and midazolam

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Dawson ◽  
Andrew R. Bjorksten ◽  
Duncan W. Blake ◽  
John C. Goldblatt
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Plasma Concentrations
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