Suicides in a Large Psychiatric Hospital: Risk Factors for Schizophrenic Patients

2015 ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Kontaxakis ◽  
V. A. Protopappa ◽  
G. N. Christodoulou ◽  
B. J. Havaki-Kontaxaki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Prenatal and neonatal risk factors for schizophrenia

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Hultman ◽  
Arne Öhman ◽  
Sven Cnattingius ◽  
Ing-Marie Wieselgren ◽  
Leif H. Lindström
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Small Head ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Records

BackgroundThe present study examines the effects of independent, single pre- and perinatal risk factors and rates of obstetric complications upon the subsequent development of schizophrenia.MethodThis study was based on prospectively recorded birth records of 107 cases (82 with schizophrenic disorders and 25 with other psychotic reactions) and 214 controls, individually matched by gender and time and place of birth. Variables univariately associated with significantly elevated risk were entered in a logistic regression model.ResultsA high non-optimality summary score (> or = 7 complications of 34 possible) was a significant risk estimate for the total index group (OR 4.58, 95% CI 1.74–12.03) and the 82 schizophrenic patients (OR 3.67, CI 1.30–10.36). Patients with 2–6 complications also had an increased, although lower, risk (OR 1.67, CI 1.02–2.75). A disproportionate birth weight for body length (OR 3.57, CI 1.77–7.19) and a small head circumference (OR 3.93, CI 1.32–11.71) were the strongest independent risk factors.ConclusionsA contribution of obstetric complications to the risk of schizophrenia was confirmed. Only aberrations in physical size remained as individual independent risk factors.

Unravelling the Relationship between Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors in Psychiatric Disorders

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Goldin ◽  
L. E. DeLisi ◽  
E. S. Gershon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Birth Complications ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
The Relationship

Murray et al (1985) have proposed a method for using biological markers and information about family history to reduce the heterogeneity in a disease such as schizophrenia. They propose that families which are heavily loaded with illness are most likely to be segregating for a major locus and therefore should be used for studies of genetic marker or other biological traits that are thought to be related to a genetic etiology. They propose that patients without a family history (sporadics) of an illness should be investigated for hypothesised environmental components since they are the cases where environmental factors are most likely to play a large role. They give an example from their own data on Ventricular Brain Ratios (VBR) in a sample of schizophrenic twins (Reveley et al, 1984) where schizophrenic twins without any family history (FH-) of a major psychosis had significantly larger ventricles than did schizophrenic twins with a family history (FH+). They conclude that while there is a genetic determinant to ventricular size within the normal range, large ventricles reflect an environmental aetiology that is more important in sporadic cases than in those with a familial pattern to the illness. Subsequently, Reveley & Chitkara (1985) found that singleton schizophrenic patients who were FH-had a significantly larger VBR than did controls while FH+ patients had a mean midway between FH-patients and controls. While this is an attractive hypothesis for the structural brain changes seen in some schizophrenic patients, results of other studies are not consistent with these findings (Nasrallah et al, 1983; Schulsinger et al, 1984; Owens et al, 1985; DeLisi et al, 1986). For example, in our own data (DeLisi et al, 1986), ‘familial’ schizophrenics had larger ventricles than did controls and risk factors thought to be environmental (head injuries and birth complications) were found to be present in that sample.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for seclusion and restraint at Geneva’s adult psychiatric hospital in 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
M. Chieze ◽  
D. Courvoisier ◽  
S. Kaiser ◽  
A. Wullschleger ◽  
S. Hurst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital

Effectiveness of Clozapine in Hospitalised People with Chronic Neuroleptic-Resistant Schizophrenia

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (6) ◽  
pp. 760-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Avnon ◽  
Jonathan Rabinowitz
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Chronic Neuroleptic ◽  
Drop Outs

BackgroundClozapine's effectiveness in reducing symptoms and facilitating discharge among patients with chronic schizophrenia who were resistant to neuroleptics was studied.MethodAll 169 such patients in a public psychiatric hospital were given clozapine. BPRS ratings (0–5 scale) were completed before treatment and 21 months later. Patients were followed for about 2.5 years.ResultsClozapine was discontinued in 37.8% of cases due to non-compliance, non-response, or side-effects. At follow-up 41 % of clozapine recipients and 25.9% of the drop-outs were discharged and remained so, and 33% of recipients and 24.1% of drop-outs were being prepared for discharge. Longer treatment was associated with more improvement. Decline in average BPRS total scores of recipients was significantly more than drop-outs (32.7, s.d. 16.8 v. 12.1, s.d. 14.1, d.f. = 155, t = 7.5, P = 0.000).ConclusionsClozapine appears to be effective for treating some chronic neuroleptic non-responding schizophrenic patients.

P-673 - Deaths at a psychiatric hospital: causes, risk factors and forensic responsibilities

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Y. Zgueb ◽  
S. Ouanes ◽  
R. Jemni ◽  
A. Banasr ◽  
R. Ghachem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital

Restraint or not restraint. Involuntary transport from home of schizophrenic patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s836-s836
Author(s):  
B. Samso ◽  
S. Ramos ◽  
A. Malagón ◽  
A. Gonzalez ◽  
M. Bellsolà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionAlthough physical restraint (PR) is a non-rarely practice on psychiatry there are few studies that focus the attention on the risk factors for this intervention. PR is a legitimacy practice when is needed and well applied but is not free from side effects. Knowing risk factors might be useful to improve the application of PR.ObjectivesStudy the risk factors involved with the use of PR at patient's home in individuals with schizophrenia before the involuntary transport (IT) to a psychiatric facility.MethodsIs a descriptive and observational study of 267 psychotic patients that were assisted by a psychiatric home care unit (EMSE) in Barcelona during their IT. The sample was divided in two groups, depending on the need of PR. Socio-demographic data were collected as well as positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), WHO disability assessment schedule (WHO/DAS), global assessment of functioning scale (GAF), Scale to assess unawareness of mental disorder (SUMD). Aggressiveness was assessed by PANSS-EC consisting of 5 items: excitement, tension, hostility, uncooperativeness and poor impulse.ResultsFrom the 267 psychotic patients 109 required PR. 154 were male and the average of age was 47. The results were significant in the PR group versus no PR for PANSS-EC (P = 0.000), as well as WHO/DAS (P = 0.017), GAF (P = 0.042), Positive PANSS (P = 0.000), age (P = 0.001) and substance use (P = 0.012). Were no significant for gender, insight or Negative PANSS.ConclusionsAggressiveness and violence were the most important PR related factors followed by positive symptoms, age, substance use and global functioning.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals PATHOGENY OF THE OTHELLO SYNDROME

2017 ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
N. V. Chumicheva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Given ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Active Disease ◽  
Clinical Cases

The paper analyzes the symptoms and signs of the pathological jealousy, its diagnostic and treatment complex of measures, its socially dangerous risk factors, course of the jealousy disease’s phenomenology in schizophrenic patients on the examples of classical outpatient and clinical cases. Special attention is paid to jealous and obsessive-compulsive men, who are inclined to dramatization and theatricalization of affective outbursts of deviant behavior. The complex setbacks of the Othello syndrome in its late stages as well as documentary cases of bringing suffering women to suicide are described. The article’s content explains the variations of the jealous men’s subconscious tries to avoid understanding of the inconsistency of their “evidences” of mythical betrayals. The most typical diseases associated with the Othello syndrome are enumerated in the given article. The connection between the psychiatric anamnesis and the degree of active disease recurrences of jealousy is given. Verbal examples of typical fantasies of jealous people “with a background experience” are fixed, as well as the main paradoxical plots of their evidence base. The paradigmatic cases of jealousy objects to prove their love and devotion are usually initiated in vain, the psychological irrational groundings for the impossibility of the unfaithful spouse “rehabilitating” in the eyes of a person with progressive Othello syndrome are mentioned.

scholarly journals Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population. The APNA Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Guillen-Aguinaga ◽  
Antonio Brugos-Larumbe ◽  
Laura Guillen-Aguinaga ◽  
Felipe Ortuño ◽  
Francisco Guillen-Grima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

(1) Background: Patients with schizophrenia have higher mortality, with cardiovascular diseases being the first cause of mortality. This study aims to estimate the excess risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events in schizophrenic patients, adjusting for comorbidity and risk factors. (2) Methods: The APNA study is a dynamic prospective cohort of all residents in Navarra, Spain. 505889 people over 18 years were followed for five years. The endpoint was hospital admissions for a cardiovascular event. Direct Acyclic Graphs (DAG) and Cox regression were used. (3) Results: Schizophrenic patients had a Hazard Ratio (HR) of 1.414 (95% CI 1.031-1.938) of hospital admission for a cardiovascular event after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, low income, obesity, antecedents of cardiovascular disease, and smoking. In non-adherent to antipsychotic treatment schizophrenia patients, the HR was 2.232 (95% CI 1.267-3.933). (4) Conclusions: Patients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events than persons with the same risk factors without schizophrenia. Primary care nursing interventions should monitor these patients and reduce cardiovascular risk factors.

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