The Rights of Human Research Subjects and the Necessity of Conducting Animal Research as Illuminated by the Nuremberg Code and the Declaration of Helsinki

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Charles R. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Animal Research ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Nuremberg Code ◽  
Human Research ◽  
Declaration Of Helsinki ◽  
Human Research Subjects

The Ethical Challenges of Animal Research

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOPE R. FERDOWSIAN ◽  
JOHN P. GLUCK
Keyword(s):  
England Journal ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
New England ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Human Research ◽  
Ethical Justification ◽  
Influential Paper ◽  
Moral Problems

Abstract:In 1966, Henry K. Beecher published an article entitled “Ethics and Clinical Research” in the New England Journal of Medicine, which cited examples of ethically problematic human research. His influential paper drew attention to common moral problems such as inadequate attention to informed consent, risks, and efforts to provide ethical justification. Beecher’s paper provoked significant advancements in human research policies and practices. In this paper, we use an approach modeled after Beecher’s 1966 paper to show that moral problems with animal research are similar to the problems Beecher described for human research. We describe cases that illustrate ethical deficiencies in the conduct of animal research, including inattention to the issue of consent or assent, incomplete surveys of the harms caused by specific protocols, inequitable burdens on research subjects in the absence of benefits to them, and insufficient efforts to provide ethical justification. We provide a set of recommendations to begin to address these deficits.

Protecting and informing human research subjects

JAMA ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 243 (20) ◽  
pp. 1985-1986
Author(s):  
W. A. Check
Keyword(s):  
Research Subjects ◽  
Human Research ◽  
Human Research Subjects

scholarly journals Protection of human research subjects

Pain ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-403
Author(s):  
M. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Research Subjects ◽  
Human Research ◽  
Human Research Subjects
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