Auditory Brain Stem Implant: Electrical Stimulation of the Human Cochlear Nucleus

2015 ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Portillo ◽  
R. A. Nelson ◽  
D. E. Brackmann ◽  
W. E. Hitselberger ◽  
R. V. Shannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Cochlear Nucleus ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Stimulation Of

Inferior Colliculus Responses to Multichannel Microstimulation of the Ventral Cochlear Nucleus: Implications for Auditory Brain Stem Implants

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit N. Shivdasani ◽  
Stefan J. Mauger ◽  
Graeme D. Rathbone ◽  
Antonio G. Paolini
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Inferior Colliculus ◽  
Cochlear Nucleus ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Ventral Cochlear Nucleus ◽  
Frequency Specificity ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Acoustic Tuning ◽  
Stimulation Of

Multichannel techniques were used to assess the frequency specificity of activation in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (CIC) produced by electrical stimulation of localized regions within the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN). Data were recorded in response to pure tones from 141 and 193 multiunit clusters in the rat VCN and the CIC, respectively. Of 141 VCN sites, 126 were individually stimulated while recording responses in the CIC. A variety of CIC response types were seen with an increase in both electrical and acoustic stimulation levels. The majority of sites exhibited monotonic rate-level types acoustically, whereas spike rate saturation was achieved predominantly with electrical stimulation. In 20.6% of the 364 characteristic frequency aligned VCN–CIC pairs, the CIC sites did not respond to stimulation. In 26% of the 193 CIC sites, a high correlation was observed between acoustic tuning and electrical tuning obtained through VCN stimulation. A high degree of frequency specificity was found in 58% of the 118 lowest threshold VCN–CIC pairs. This was dependent on electrode placement within the VCN because a higher degree of frequency specificity was achieved with stimulation of medial, central, and posterolateral VCN regions than more anterolateral regions. Broadness of acoustic tuning in the CIC played a role in frequency-specific activation. Narrowly tuned CIC sites showed the lowest degree of frequency specificity on stimulation of the anterolateral VCN regions. These data provide significant implications for auditory brain stem implant electrode placement, current localization, power requirements, and facilitation of information transfer to higher brain centers.

scholarly journals Electrical stimulation of the auditory brain stem structure in deafened adults

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie S. Eisenberg ◽  
Albert A. Maltan ◽  
Franco Portillo ◽  
Phil Mobley ◽  
William F. House
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Stem Structure ◽  
Stimulation Of

Brain Stem Responses Evoked by Stimulation of the Mature Cochlear Nucleus With an Auditory Brain Stem Implant

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin OʼDriscoll ◽  
Wael El-Deredy ◽  
Richard T. Ramsden
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Cochlear Nucleus ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Stimulation Of

Auditory evoked potentials recorded from the cochlear nucleus and its vicinity in man

1983 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aage R. Møller ◽  
Peter J. Jannetta
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Cochlear Nucleus ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Peak ◽  
Auditory Brain Stem ◽  
Stimulation Of

✓ Intracranial responses from the auditory nerve and the cochlear nucleus were recorded from patients undergoing neurosurgical operations during which these structures were exposed. Responses to stimulation of the ipsilateral ear with short tonebursts from the vicinity of the cochlear nucleus show a large surface-negative peak, the latency of which is close to that of peak III in the auditory brain-stem evoked potentials recorded from scalp electrodes. There was also a response to contralateral stimulation, smaller in amplitude and with a longer latency. It is concluded that the cochlear nucleus is the main generator of peak III responses, and that structures of the ascending auditory pathway that are more central than the cochlear nucleus are unlikely to contribute to wave III of the auditory brain-stem evoked potentials.

Brain stem responses to electrical stimulation of ventral vagal gastric fibers

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (1) ◽  
pp. G24-G29
Author(s):  
W. D. Barber ◽  
C. S. Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Neuronal Responses ◽  
Proximal Stomach ◽  
Afferent Fibers ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

The brain stem neuronal responses to electrical stimulation of gastric branches of the ventral vagal trunk serving the proximal stomach were localized and evaluated in anesthetized cats. The responses were equally distributed bilaterally in the region of nucleus solitarius in the caudal brain stem. The mean latency of the response was 289 +/- 46 (SD) ms, which translated into a conduction velocity of less than 1 m/s based on the distance between the stimulating and recording electrodes. The responses consisted of single and multiple spikes that showed slight variability in the latency, indicating orthodromic activation via a synapse in approximately 98% of the responses recorded. Forty two percent of the units tested showed evidence of convergence of input from vagal afferent fibers in different branches of the ventral vagal trunk that served the proximal stomach. The resultant activity pattern of the unitary response appeared to be the product of 1) the gastric sensory input or modality conveyed by the afferent source and 2) the time of arrival and diversity of modalities served by other gastric afferents impinging on the unit. This provides a mechanism capable of responding on the basis of specific sensory modalities that dynamically reflect ongoing events monitored and conveyed by other gastric afferents in the region.

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