Physiological Regulation of the Cardiovascular System: Implications for Sudden Death and Other Cardiovascular Conditions

2015 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
A. G. Ramage
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Physiological Regulation

scholarly journals KEMATIAN MENDADAK KARDIOVASKULER

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Taufik Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
External Examination

Abstrak. Kematian mendadak merupakan kematian yang terjadi pada 24 jam sejak gejala-gejala timbul, namun pada kasus-kasus forensik sebagian besar kematian terjadi   dalam   hitungan   menit   bahkan   detik   sejak   gejala   pertama   timbul. Dilaporkan laki-laki berusia 42 tahun   meninggal secara mendadak setelah mengalami kejang-kejang dan tidak sadarkan diri. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan oleh tenaga medis di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD), pasien dinyatakan Death on Arrival (DOA). Dari hasil pemeriksaan luar dijumpai bintik kemerahan pada kelopak mata bagian dalam serta warna kebiruan pada ujung jari tangan dan kaki tanda-tanda terjadinya asfiksia. Sebab kematian adalah akibat kegagalan sistem kardiovaskuler yang terjadi secara mendadak. (JKS 2017; 2: 115-122)Kata kunci : Kematian mendadak, penyakit kardiovaskuler, aspek medikolegalAbstract. Sudden death is a death that occurred in the 24 hour  since symptoms arise, but in cases of forensic most deaths occur within minutes if not seconds since the first symptoms arise. Reported men aged 42 years died suddenly after suffering convulsions and unconsciousness. After examination by medical personnel  in  the  emergency  room,  the  patient  is  declared  Death  on  Arrival (DOA). From the results of external examination found red spots on the inside of the eyelid and a bluish color on the tip of the fingers and toes signs of asphyxia. Cause of death was due to failure of the cardiovascular system that occurs suddenly.(JKS 2017; 2: 115-122)Keywords: Sudden death, cardiovascular disease, medicolegal aspect;

scholarly journals Improving Forensic Pathologic Investigation of Sudden Death in the Young

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam P. Gulino ◽  
Kristin Burns ◽  
Wendy M. Gunther ◽  
Heather MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Death Investigation ◽  
Population Based Registry

The Sudden Death in the Young (SDY) Case Registry, a prospective, population-based registry active in ten states, has developed tools to aid pathologists and death investigators in the evaluation and autopsy of unexplained, natural sudden deaths in the pediatric population. The tools were developed by a team of experts representing forensic pathology; pediatric-, cardiac-, and neuropathology; cardiology; neurology/epileptology; pediatrics; genetic counseling; and public health. These tools focus on collecting data relevant to determination of cause of death with a focus on dissection of the cardiovascular system. The tools provide an objective checklist format for ease of use and data extraction. By sharing the tools here and highlighting the examination of the cardiovascular system, the SDY Case Registry encourages a standardized approach to death investigation, autopsy, and data collection for sudden, unexpected deaths in the young towards a goal of informing prevention efforts. Acad Forensic Pathol. 2018 8(2): 347-391

scholarly journals Sudden death in racehorses: postmortem examination protocol

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago S. Diab ◽  
Robert Poppenga ◽  
Francisco A. Uzal
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Postmortem Examination ◽  
The Public ◽  
Examination Protocol ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Postmortem Examinations ◽  
Over Time

In racehorses, sudden death (SD) associated with exercise poses a serious risk to jockeys and adversely affects racehorse welfare and the public perception of horse racing. In a majority of cases of exercise-associated sudden death (EASD), there are no gross lesions to explain the cause of death, and an examination of the cardiovascular system and a toxicologic screen are warranted. Cases of EASD without gross lesions are often presumed to be sudden cardiac deaths (SCD). We describe an equine SD autopsy protocol, with emphasis on histologic examination of the heart (“cardiac histology protocol”) and a description of the toxicologic screen performed in racehorses in California. By consistently utilizing this standardized autopsy and cardiac histology protocol, the results and conclusions from postmortem examinations will be easier to compare within and across institutions over time. The generation of consistent, reliable, and comparable multi-institutional data is essential to improving the understanding of the cause(s) and pathogenesis of equine SD, including EASD and SCD.

scholarly journals Sudden Death Trigerred by Emotion

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (07) ◽  
pp. 516-521
Author(s):  
Asan Petrus
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Cardiovascular System

Background: Sudden death is a death that happens suddenly, unexpectedly whereby beforethis the person looks healthy, showing no signs of trauma or poisoning. One of the reason ofsudden death as well as the biggest reason is because of cardiovascular system disease.Case Presentation: It is reported a case with a deceased male with the initial of Mr. B, 72years old, addressed in Medan,Labuhan. The deceased was brought to the hospital by thepolice with the request of Visum et Repertum and then an examination on the corpse as wellas corpse surgery was done. Before the deceased was stated dead, it was known he had anargument with someone, he then fell and died.Conclusion: Someone who is irritable and easily offended can give out negative auras thattrigger stress and give bad effect to the entire office, household, or classroom. When feelingupset, anxious, angry, and fussy, our tolerance is lower and we are more likely to be disturbedby the kind of small frustration that we usually avoid. Our reaction to anger also tends to befar more aggressive than usual

scholarly journals HASIL AUTOPSI SEBAB KEMATIAN MENDADAK TAK TERDUGA DI BAGIAN FORENSIK BLU RSUP. PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO TAHUN 2010-2012

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dione S. M. Bhaskara
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Incomplete Data ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Unknown Reason ◽  
Medicolegal Autopsy ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Death Cases ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstract: According to WHO, sudden death is the death that occurred 24 hours after the symptom arise, but in some forensic cases, most of the death cases occurred in matter of minutes or might be seconds as the first symptom arise. Sudden deaths increase along the aging. Sudden deaths that caused by disease are often bring suspicion thus they need to be proven by doing the medicolegal autopsy, to which the result will be revealed. This research aims to determine the results of the autopsy cause of sudden unexpected death on forensic BLU department of RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado in 2010-2012. This research is using retrospective descriptive method. Research population is all the alleged victims of sudden deaths in BLU. RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado in 2010-2012. Sample is taken by total sampling method. There are 12 cases of sudden deaths, 4 of them are not qualified to be taken as sample because of incomplete data. The total of sudden deaths based on gender are 7 cases of Males (87.5%), and 1 case of Female (12.5%). Sudden death occurs more frequently in adult with 3 cases (37.5%) on 41-59 years old range. 3 cases on heart disease (37.5%), 2 cases on lung disease (25%), 1 case on lung cancer (12.5%), and the other 2 are unknown reason (25%). From this study, it is concluded that sudden deaths are more common to male in 41-59 years old range, and the most common cause of sudden death is cardiovascular system Keywords: Sudden deaths, autopsy, cardiovascular system.     Abstrak: Kematian mendadak menurut WHO adalah kematian yang terjadi pada 24 jam sejak gejala-gejala timbul, namun pada kasus-kasus forensik, sebagian besar kematian terjadi dalam hitungan menit atau bahkan detik sejala gejala pertama timbul. Kejadian kematian mendadak meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya usia. Kematian mendadak yang disebabkan oleh penyakit, sering mendatangkan kecurigaan sehingga perlu dibuktikan dengan dilakukannya autopsi medikolegal, yang hasilnya dapat menunjukkan sebab kematian tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil autopsi sebab kematian mendadak tak terduga di Bagian Ilmu Kedokteran Forensik BLU. RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tahun 2010-2012. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh korban dugaan mati mendadak di BLU. RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tahun 2010-2012. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Terdapat sebanyak 12 kasus kematian mendadak, 4 diantaranya tidak memenuhi syarat untuk dijadikan sampel karena datanya yang tidak lengkap. Jumlah kematian mendadak berdasarkan jenis kelamin yaitu laki-laki sebanyak 7 kasus (87.5%) dan perempuan 1 kasus (12.5%). Kematian mendadak lebih banyak terjadi pada kelompok dewasa yaitu dengan usia 41-59 tahun sebanyak 3 kasus (37.5%). Kematian mendadak akibat penyakit jantung sebanyak 3 kasus (37.5%), penyakit paru sebanyak 2 kasus (25%), penyakit lainnya (tidak diketahui sebabnya) 2 kasus (25%), dan kanker paru hanya terdapat 1 kasus (12.5%). Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa kematian mendadak terjadi lebih sering pada laki-laki, serta paling banyak dialami pada usia 41-59 tahun. Penyebab tersering kematian mendadak diakibatkan oleh sistem kardiovaskular. Kata Kunci: Kematian mendadak, autopsi, sistem kardiovaskular.

scholarly journals Natriuretic Peptides in the Cardiovascular System: Multifaceted Roles in Physiology, Pathology and Therapeutics

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Speranza Rubattu ◽  
Massimo Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Physiological Control ◽  
Physiological Regulation ◽  
Cardiovascular Damage ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
Current Special Issue

The natriuretic peptides (NPs) family includes a class of hormones and their receptors needed for the physiological control of cardiovascular functions. The discovery of NPs provided a fundamental contribution into our understanding of the physiological regulation of blood pressure, and of heart and kidney functions. NPs have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and stroke. A fine comprehension of the molecular mechanisms dependent from NPs and underlying the promotion of cardiovascular damage has contributed to improve our understanding of the molecular basis of all major CVDs. Finally, the opportunity to target NPs in order to develop new therapeutic tools for a better treatment of CVDs has been developed over the years. The current Special Issue of the Journal covers all major aspects of the molecular implications of NPs in physiology and pathology of the cardiovascular system, including NP-based therapeutic approaches.

Inflammageing in the cardiovascular system: mechanisms, emerging targets, and novel therapeutic strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (17) ◽  
pp. 2243-2262
Author(s):  
Danlin Liu ◽  
Gavin Richardson ◽  
Fehmi M. Benli ◽  
Catherine Park ◽  
João V. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Ach Receptors

Abstract In the elderly population, pathological inflammation has been associated with ageing-associated diseases. The term ‘inflammageing’, which was used for the first time by Franceschi and co-workers in 2000, is associated with the chronic, low-grade, subclinical inflammatory processes coupled to biological ageing. The source of these inflammatory processes is debated. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) has been proposed as the main origin of inflammageing. The SASP is characterised by the release of inflammatory cytokines, elevated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, altered regulation of acetylcholine (ACh) nicotinic receptors, and abnormal NAD+ metabolism. Therefore, SASP may be ‘druggable’ by small molecule therapeutics targeting those emerging molecular targets. It has been shown that inflammageing is a hallmark of various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and adverse cardiac remodelling. Therefore, the pathomechanism involving SASP activation via the NLRP3 inflammasome; modulation of NLRP3 via α7 nicotinic ACh receptors; and modulation by senolytics targeting other proteins have gained a lot of interest within cardiovascular research and drug development communities. In this review, which offers a unique view from both clinical and preclinical target-based drug discovery perspectives, we have focused on cardiovascular inflammageing and its molecular mechanisms. We have outlined the mechanistic links between inflammageing, SASP, interleukin (IL)-1β, NLRP3 inflammasome, nicotinic ACh receptors, and molecular targets of senolytic drugs in the context of cardiovascular diseases. We have addressed the ‘druggability’ of NLRP3 and nicotinic α7 receptors by small molecules, as these proteins represent novel and exciting targets for therapeutic interventions targeting inflammageing in the cardiovascular system and beyond.

Lifestyle Cuts Women's Risk of Sudden Death

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
MARY ANN MOON
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death
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