Effect of Habitual Physical Activity on Glucose Tolerance and Peripheral Insulin Action in the Elderly

2015 ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Kunio Yamanouchi ◽  
Kiwami Chikada ◽  
Katsumi Kato ◽  
Yoshiharu Oshida ◽  
Yuzo Sato
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity

Effects of daily physical activity on insulin action in the elderly

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 2241-2245 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yamanouchi ◽  
H. Nakajima ◽  
T. Shinozaki ◽  
K. Chikada ◽  
K. Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Insulin Responsiveness

The effects of daily physical activity on peripheral insulin action were investigated in aged individuals. Glucose infusion rates (GIR) during the euglycemic insulin clamp procedure in aged bedridden, aged controls, and aged athletes were compared with those in young controls and young athletes at insulin infusion rates of 40 and 400 mU.m-2.min-1 to estimate insulin action at physiological and maximal insulin concentrations, respectively. At both insulin infusion rates, GIR was significantly higher in aged athletes and significantly lower in aged bedridden subjects than in aged controls. Although there was no statistical difference in GIR at 400 mU.m-2 x min-1 between young athletes and young controls, GIR at 40 mU.m-2 x min-1 was higher in young athletes than in young controls. Comparison of the aged and young groups showed that although GIR at 400 mU.m-2 x min-1 was significantly lower in aged controls than in young controls, there was no significant difference between the aged athletes and the young athletes. We conclude that insulin responsiveness (insulin action at the postreceptor binding site) may decrease with the aging process and may be further affected by physical inactivity. Although physical training may improve insulin responsiveness in aged individuals up to levels similar to those in young athletes, physical training in young individuals may improve only insulin sensitivity.

Association between low habitual physical activity and impaired glucose tolerance

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Annuzzi ◽  
O. Vaccaro ◽  
S. Caprio ◽  
P. Di Bonito ◽  
P. Caso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity

Effects of Short- and Long-Term Aerobic-Strength Training and Determinants of Walking Speed in the Elderly

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lucia Slobodová ◽  
Ľudmila Oreská ◽  
Martin Schön ◽  
Patrik Krumpolec ◽  
Veronika Tirpáková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Minor Effect

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Walking speed (WS) is an objective measure of physical capacity and a modifiable risk factor of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. In this study, we (i) determined effects of 3-month supervised aerobic-strength training on WS, muscle strength, and habitual physical activity; (ii) evaluated capacity of long-term (21 months) training to sustain higher WS; and (iii) identified determinants of WS in the elderly. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Volunteers (F 48/M 14, 68.4 ± 7.1 years) completed either 3-month aerobic-strength (3 × 1 h/week, <i>n</i> = 48) or stretching (active control, <i>n</i> = 14) intervention (study A). Thirty-one individuals (F 24/M 7) from study A continued in supervised aerobic-strength training (2 × 1 h/week, 21 months) and 6 (F 5/M 1) became nonexercising controls. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Three-month aerobic-strength training increased preferred and maximal WS (10-m walk test, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01), muscle strength (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) and torque (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) at knee extension, and 24-h habitual physical activity (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), while stretching increased only preferred WS (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.03). Effect of training on maximal WS was most prominent in individuals with baseline WS between 1.85 and 2.30 m·s<sup>−1</sup>. Maximal WS measured before intervention correlated negatively with age (<i>r</i> = −0.339, <i>p</i> = 0.007), but this correlation was weakened by the intervention (<i>r</i> = −0.238, <i>p</i> = 0.06). WS progressively increased within the first 9 months of aerobic-strength training (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) and remained elevated during 21-month intervention (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01). Cerebellar gray matter volume (MRI) was positively associated with maximal (<i>r</i> = 0.54; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001) but not preferred WS and explained &#x3e;26% of its variability, while age had only minor effect. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Supervised aerobic-strength training increased WS, strength, and dynamics of voluntary knee extension as well as habitual physical activity in older individuals. Favorable changes in WS were sustainable over the 21-month period by a lower dose of aerobic-strength training. Training effects on WS were not limited by age, and cerebellar cortex volume was the key determinant of WS.

Habitual physical activity and glucose tolerance. Males age 16-64 in a total community

Diabetes ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Montoye ◽  
W. D. Block ◽  
H. Metzner ◽  
J. B. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Total Community
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document