Pentoxifylline and Analogues : Effects on Normal and Diseased Granulocyte Function in vitro

2015 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A. Boogaerts ◽  
P. Meeus ◽  
W. Scheers ◽  
M. Declercq ◽  
J. Vande Broeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulocyte Function

NORMAL GRANULOCYTE INFUSION THERAPY FOR ASPERGILLOSIS IN CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-233
Author(s):  
Andrew A. Raubitschek ◽  
Alan S. Levin ◽  
Daniel P. Stites ◽  
Edward B. Shaw ◽  
H. Hugh Fudenberg
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Chronic Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Transient Improvement ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Granulocyte Function

An 8-year-old boy with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) was admitted in moribund condition with aspergillus pneumonia. Because of the gravity of the situation, normal granulocyte infusions were used as adjuncts to the more conventional antimicrobial therapy. White blood cells, derived from a total of 58 units of whole blood obtained by leukophoresis of the father, were given in two separate doses. The first dose, totaling 2.8 x 1010 granulocytes, was coincident with significant improvement, and the second, totaling 3.0 x 1010 granulocytes, was coincident with the onset of clinical improvement and interim recovery. Transient improvement in in vitro granulocyte function was noted in cells taken from the patient's blood immediately after infusion. No adverse effects of the infusions were noted in either the patient or the donor. Although it is impossible to divorce the therapeutic effect of the granulocyte infusions from the more conventional therapy, we conclude that normal granulocyte infusions can be considered a valid adjunct in children with CGD who are suffering from a life-threatening infection.

Selenium effects on human neutrophilic granulocyte function in vitro

1986 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Urban ◽  
Connie Jarstrand
Keyword(s):  
Neutrophilic Granulocyte ◽  
Granulocyte Function

scholarly journals Granulocyte function in experimental human endotoxemia

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Territo ◽  
DW Golde
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Human Endotoxemia ◽  
Endotoxin Administration ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
Granulocyte Function

Abstract The effects of endotoxin administration on in vitro granulocyte function were studied in normal man. Four healthy volunteers received an intravenous injection of Pseudomonas endotoxin, 0.1 mug/kg. Endotoxemia resulted in transient neutropenia followed by a rebound neutrophilia. The nadir of the granulocyte count occurred at about 1 hr and maximal neutrophilia 2–4 hr after endotoxin administration. Throughout this time period, neutrophil phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans were normal, as were resting and postphagocytic glucose metabolism and leukocyte random migration. However, postendotoxin neutrophils demonstrated a markedly decreased chemotactic response in Boyden chambers. The defect was maximal 1 hr after endotoxin administration and persisted 3–4 hr. These observations suggest that, in addition to neutropenia, endotoxin can transiently cause a chemotactic defect or select for a population of circulating neutrophils with an impairment of chemotactic activity.

scholarly journals Granulocyte concentrate function during preservation: effect of temperature

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
TA Lane ◽  
B Windle
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Bactericidal Activities ◽  
Granulocyte Function ◽  
Slight Advantage

Granulocyte concentrates collected from normal donors are necessarily stored for varying intervals up to the time of transfusion. However, information regarding the fate of collected cells and the optimal mode of storage in vitro in the interval between collection and transfusion is far from complete. We studied granulocyte function during preservation of granulocyte concentrates for up to 72 hr. The initial and most consistent alteration in granulocyte function during storage was failure of random migration and chemotaxis after 24 hr of storage (50% and 61% of normal, respectively). By 48 hr the respiratory burst was decreased by 42%, whereas at 48 hr phagocytic and bactericidal activities were nearly normal. Defects in migration and respiratory burst are not due to delayed activation of these functions but to absolute decreases in maximum rates of migration and oxygen consumption. Comparison of granulocyte concentrate storage at 6 degrees C versus room temperature indicated at 24 hr an improved (p greater than 0.02) but still abnormal (p greater than 0.02) chemotactic response with 24 degrees C storage and at 48 hr no difference in migration but a slight advantage in bacterial killing at 6 degrees C storage. These studies show that severe impairment of granulocyte function occurs within 24 hr of collection by centrifugal means; consequently, granulocyte concentrates should be transfused as soon as possible after collection.

scholarly journals Granulocyte Transfusions in Leukopenic Dogs: In Vivo and In Vitro Function of Granulocytes Obtained by Continuous-Flow Filtration Leukopheresis

Blood ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim M. Debelak ◽  
Robert B. Epstein ◽  
Burton R. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Flow Filtration ◽  
Granulocyte Function ◽  
Normal Controls

Abstract The present studies were carried out to (1) evaluate a leukoadhesive technique for obtaining granulocytes for transfusion, (2) assess the granulocytes by in vitro techniques, and (3) determine the efficacy of granulocyte transfusion in preventing sepsis in leukopenic dogs. Dogs were rendered transiently leukopenic (< 500 per cu mm) by intravenous cyclophosphamide, 40 mg/kg. Quantitative and qualitative blood cultures were obtained from all animals until death or hematologic recovery. Granulocytes were obtained on nylon filters by a continuous flow system and eluted with an ACD plasma saline solution. Granulocyte function was studied in vitro by chemotaxis, phagocytosis, intracellular killing, and electron microscopy. In vivo studies consisted of the measurement of granulocyte increments in transfused leukopenic dogs, T ½ of infused granulocytes, and protection of transfused dogs from septicemic episodes. Eluted granulocytes, when compared to normal controls, showed reduction in in vitro functions. These functions improved in granulocytes isolated post-transfusion from recipient dogs. An average of 3 x 1010 granulocytes could be obtained during a 1-hr leukopheresis of normal donors. Increments in recipient dogs averaged 2590 per cu mm. Five nontransfused leukopenic dogs developed septicemia and died within 7 days. Six dogs were treated with infusions of granulocytes. Three recovered completely, and three died of thrombocytopenic hemorrhage with negative blood cultures. One dog showed a transiently positive blood culture that became negative following transfusion. Septic episodes were significantly reduced in granulocyte transfused dogs (p < 0.01). It was concluded that continuous-flow leukofiltration yielded granulocytes in sufficient number and with adequate functional capabilities to provide significant protection against septic death in the leukopenic host.

In vitro Granulocyte Function as Affected by Filter Loading Time and Tapping during Filtration Leukapheresis

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Gerhard Stegmann ◽  
John Milton Mishler ◽  
H. Leo Mattelé ◽  
Helmut Borberg
Keyword(s):  
Filter Loading ◽  
Granulocyte Function

In vitro Granulocyte Function as Affected by Filter Loading Time and Tapping during Filtration Leukapheresis

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Stegmann ◽  
John Milton Mishler ◽  
H. Leo Mattelé ◽  
Helmut Borberg
Keyword(s):  
Filter Loading ◽  
Granulocyte Function

scholarly journals Granulocyte function during lithium therapy

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Cohen ◽  
B Zakhireh ◽  
JA Metcalf ◽  
RK Root
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Chloride ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Lithium Therapy ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Granulocyte Function

Abstract Random migration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bactericidal ability of neutrophils from 5 patients receiving lithium carbonate were compared with those of neutrophils from healthy donors. These cells functioned normally in all respects. Neither sera from patients receiving lithium carbonate nor the addition of lithium chloride to control cells in vitro significantly altered their functional capacity. These findings suggest that neutrophil function in patients receiving lithium therapy is preserved, and they support the potential utility of this drug as a leukopoietic agent in neutropenic states.

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