Humoral and Cellular Mechanisms of Airway Inflammation

2015 ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms

scholarly journals Targeted deletion of the TSLP receptor reveals cellular mechanisms that promote type 2 airway inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Kabata ◽  
Anne-Laure Flamar ◽  
Tanel Mahlakõiv ◽  
Saya Moriyama ◽  
Hans-Reimer Rodewald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Targeted Deletion

Vascular adaptations to hypoxia: molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating vascular tone

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Paffett ◽  
Benjimen R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 ◽  
Pulmonary Vasoconstriction ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
Adaptive Processes

Several molecular and cellular adaptive mechanisms to hypoxia exist within the vasculature. Many of these processes involve oxygen sensing which is transduced into mediators of vasoconstriction in the pulmonary circulation and vasodilation in the systemic circulation. A variety of oxygen-responsive pathways, such as HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-1 and HOs (haem oxygenases), contribute to the overall adaptive process during hypoxia and are currently an area of intense research. Generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) may also differentially regulate vascular tone in these circulations. Potential candidates underlying the divergent responses between the systemic and pulmonary circulations may include Nox (NADPH oxidase)-derived ROS and mitochondrial-derived ROS. In addition to alterations in ROS production governing vascular tone in the hypoxic setting, other vascular adaptations are likely to be involved. HPV (hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction) and CH (chronic hypoxia)-induced alterations in cellular proliferation, ionic conductances and changes in the contractile apparatus sensitivity to calcium, all occur as adaptive processes within the vasculature.

Flavonoids in adipose tissue inflammation and atherosclerosis: one arrow, two targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (12) ◽  
pp. 1403-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Muin Fardoun ◽  
Dina Maaliki ◽  
Nabil Halabi ◽  
Rabah Iratni ◽  
Alessandra Bitto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds naturally occurring in fruits and vegetables, in addition to beverages such as tea and coffee. Flavonoids are emerging as potent therapeutic agents for cardiovascular as well as metabolic diseases. Several studies corroborated an inverse relationship between flavonoid consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD) or adipose tissue inflammation (ATI). Flavonoids exert their anti-atherogenic effects by increasing nitric oxide (NO), reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, flavonoids alleviate ATI by decreasing triglyceride and cholesterol levels, as well as by attenuating inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, flavonoids inhibit synthesis of fatty acids and promote their oxidation. In this review, we discuss the effect of the main classes of flavonoids, namely flavones, flavonols, flavanols, flavanones, anthocyanins, and isoflavones, on atherosclerosis and ATI. In addition, we dissect the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of action for these flavonoids. We conclude by supporting the potential benefit for flavonoids in the management or treatment of CVD; yet, we call for more robust clinical studies for safety and pharmacokinetic values.

Cellular mechanisms of interstitial lung disease in children caused by mutations of the ABCA3-transporter

Pneumologie ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Weichert ◽  
E Kaltenborn ◽  
A Hector ◽  
M Woischnik ◽  
S Moslavac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms

Attenuated allergic airway inflammation in Cd39-/- mice

Pneumologie ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Idzko ◽  
K Ayata ◽  
T Müller ◽  
T Dürk ◽  
M Grimm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Airway Inflammation

Extracellular ATP triggers and maintains airway inflammation in human and murine models of asthma by activating dendritic cells

Pneumologie ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (S 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Idzko ◽  
D Ferrari ◽  
F Di Virgilio ◽  
S Sorichter ◽  
B Lambrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Extracellular Atp ◽  
Murine Models
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