Role of Renal Ammonium Accumulation in Ischemic Acute Renal Failure and Acute Tubular Necrosis of Rats1

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is the most common cause of acute renal failure. Early recognition of patients who are at risk for ATN can prevent or improve the course of ATN. Acute renal failure is classified as prerenal, intrinsic, or postrenal disease. ATN is classified as a type of intrinsic renal disease. The clinical course of ATN is divided into the renal failure phase, diuretic phase, and recovery phase, with each phase having distinct symptoms and laboratory findings. Diagnosis of ATN often is complicated and confusing; understanding of laboratory findings can facilitate the critical care nurse’s ability to assess those at risk for ATN. The care and treatment of the patient with ATN is complicated, and specific treatments are discussed in detail. The critical care nurse can play a vital role in identifying the patient at risk, preventing the development of ATN in those at risk, and providing appropriate care for those who develop ATN

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Cellular calcium in ischemic acute renal failure: Role of calcium entry blockers

Kidney International ◽

10.1038/ki.1987.211 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 313-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 126

Author(s):

Robert W. Schrier ◽

Patricia E. Arnold ◽

Vicki J. Van Putten ◽

Thomas J. Burke

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Calcium Entry ◽

Calcium Entry Blockers ◽

Cellular Calcium ◽

Ischemic Acute Renal Failure

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Role of Na+/H+ Exchanger in the Pathogenesis of Ischemic Acute Renal Failure in Mice

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology ◽

10.1097/fjc.0b013e318030c2c9 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 154-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Junji Yamashita ◽

Mamoru Ohkita ◽

Masanori Takaoka ◽

Yoshiaki Kaneshiro ◽

Takato Matsuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Ischemic Acute Renal Failure

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The Role of Tubular Necrosis in the Pathophysiology of Acute Renal Failure

Nephron ◽

10.1159/000180724 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 204-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chen H. Hsu ◽

Theodore W. Kurtz ◽

John M. Weller

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Tubular Necrosis

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Management of Acute Renal Failure

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x7200100109 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 65-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. M. Hayes

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Acute Tubular Necrosis ◽

Urinary Tract Obstruction ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Sodium Concentration ◽

Therapeutic Trial ◽

Angiotensin System ◽

Tubular Necrosis ◽

Occlusive Vascular Disease

Acute renal failure has oliguria and uraemia as its cardinal manifestations. The syndrome may be due to acute tubular necrosis, glomerulonephritis, urinary tract obstruction and occlusive vascular disease. The renal damage due to acute tubular necrosis is of uncertain aetiology. Renal cortical ischaemia and depression of glomerular filtration rate are important in the pathogenesis. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system and glomerular coagulation may prove to be important in these changes. The differentiation between reversible oliguria and established renal failure is generally accomplished on clinical grounds and the response to a therapeutic trial of mannitol. Measurement of urinary sodium concentration and osmolality are valuable adjuncts. The keystone of management is the prevention of symptomatic uraemia. Infection and haemorrhage have now replaced pulmonary oedema and hyperkalaemia as the major causes of death. The mortality rate remains high in acute tubular necrosis and a significant mortality occurs in the diuretic phase.

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IgA Nephropathy: Acute Renal Failure, Acute Tubular Necrosis, and Features of Postinfectious Acute Glomerulonephritis

Renal Failure ◽

10.3109/08860229209047662 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 533-539 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Helga Maria Mazzarolo-Cruz ◽

Décio de Oliveira Penna ◽

Luis Balthazar Saldanha ◽

Elza Hissako Kanashiro ◽

Jenner Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Iga Nephropathy ◽

Acute Tubular Necrosis ◽

Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽

Tubular Necrosis

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Role of CD11a and CD11b in ischemic acute renal failure in rats

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.1994.267.6.f1052 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 267 (6) ◽

pp. F1052-F1058 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

H. Rabb ◽

C. C. Mendiola ◽

J. Dietz ◽

S. R. Saba ◽

T. B. Issekutz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Acute Renal Failure ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Leukocyte Adhesion ◽

Treated Group ◽

Organ Injury ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Ischemic Acute Renal Failure

Leukocytes, particularly neutrophils, have been implicated in ischemic-reperfusion organ injury (IRI). However, their role in kidney IRI is controversial. Leukocytes express the adhesion molecules CD11/CD18 on their surface, which mediate many functions that can lead to tissue damage. To determine the role of CD11a and CD11b in IRI in the kidney, uninephrectomized Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against CD11a and CD11b or control MAbs. The serum creatinine (SCr), complete blood count, and kidney histopathological damage scores (PDS) (scale: 0-4) were assessed prior to and 24 h after 60 min of ischemia. Mean SCr 24 h after ischemia was significantly decreased in the anti-CD11a- and -CD11b-treated group compared with the control MAb-treated group (2.5 +/- 0.3 mg/dl vs. 3.4 +/- 0.2 mg/dl, P <0.05). PDS were also reduced in the CD11a and CD11b group compared with controls (2.7 +/- 0.2 vs. 3.5 +/- 0.1, P < 0.001). These data show that the CD11/CD18 leukocyte adhesion pathway plays a role in mediating ischemic acute renal failure in rats.

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