Tumor Markers in Thyroid Cancer

2015 ◽  
pp. 54-77
Author(s):  
Francis S. Greenspan
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Tumor Markers Variation, Following The Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorush Niknamian
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Serum Tumor Markers ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Serological Studies ◽  
The One ◽  
Radioactive Iodine 131

Introduction: Radioactive iodine is the effective therapy in thyroid cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the serum tumor markers in patients under the therapy with radioactive iodine 131. Material and Methods: 45 cases of female patients aged 16-60 years with thyroid cancer surgery referred to the nuclear medicine department of Nemazi hospital for (iodine treatment after surgery) were selected. The selection was on the basis of interviewing and information of patients is consent forms. Only patients with thyroid cancer and referred for the first time without any other diseases were chosen for this study. The selected patients were prescribed a dose of 150 m Ci of I-131. From each patient, 4 mL of chelated serum for serological studies on tumor markers and 2 mL of oxalated serum for spectrophotometry studies on cell death were used in three stages. The first stage before the iodine therapy, the second stage, after 48 hours, and the third stage, 30 days after radioiodine therapy were studied and the results were evaluated by the one-way repeated measures ANOVA test. Results: According to the results of dependent paired T-Test, AFP, in the periods before, 48 hours and 1 month after radioiodine therapy, respectively were 3.46 ± 1.21 and 3.74 ± 1.37 and 3.76 ± 1.25 (p <0.0005). About CA 19-9 in the periods before, 48 hours and one month after radioiodine therapy, the results were 9.30 ± 6.32, 9.95 ± 6.92 (p = 0.040) and 11.26 ± 7.49 (p <0.0005) respectively. About CEA, the results were 1.60 ± 0.60, 1.47 ± 0.55 and 2.23 ± 0.69 (p <0.0005), respectively. In the case of tumor marker CA 15-3 results were 15.53 ± 6.48 and 1.60 ± 0.60 and 15.68 ± 6.52 (p = 0.014), respectively and in the case of ALP, results were 124.22 ± 5 and 122.2 ± 6 and 116.7 ± 7 (p <0.0005), respectively. Conclusion: According to the same studies and the acquired results, it can be concluded that the tumor markers CEA and CA19-9 are more acceptable and sustainable for monitoring the malignancy and progressive disease in patients with thyroid cancer. The decreasing ALP is normal and transient. The increase of AFP and CA15-3 is not even statistically reliable. It is recommended that the period of iodine therapy and falsely elevated tumor markers can be informed to the doctor, during the gastrointestinal studies in patients with thyroid cancer, in order to prevent wrong decisions on the treatment process.

scholarly journals Modern concepts of the molecular pathogenesis of thyroid cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-22
Author(s):  
A. A. Mikhailova ◽  
A. V. Shestakov ◽  
K. A. Chubakova ◽  
E. V. Kolokolova ◽  
V. Yu. Eliseev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Patient Treatment

Thyroid cancer remains the most common malignancy of the endocrine system worldwide. The indicators of its morbidity and mortality rates have been increasing rapidly over the last decades. Most cases of differentiated thyroid cancer (follicular and papillary histotypes) are clinically manifested by nodular goiter frequently combined with uncertain results of cytological diagnosis (categories III and IV according to the Bethesda (Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology) classification). All of that makes it difficult to choose a proper tactic for patient treatment. It is known that the development, progression, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells are regulated by a variety of molecular mechanisms. This review describes several molecular aspects of thyroid nodules oncogenesis, as well as its most promising diagnostic tumor markers. Following molecular pathways are described in particular: gene mutations, protein tumor markers, and epigenetic effects of micro-RNA, histones, as well as DNA methylation. The study of the pathogenesis of this disease has a prognostic value and contributes to the search for effective therapeutic and diagnostic methods and their improvement. That is why we also reviewed modern test panels aimed at preoperative differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Summarizing the results of world research on this topic allows us not only to expand the understanding of the fundamental processes of oncogenesis, but also to outline promising areas for future experimental research projects. All of that together will contribute to developing new prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, and as a result, will improve the quality of medical care for patients with thyroid cancer.

Significance of hTG, CEA and TPA as Tumor Markers in Thyroid Cancer

1984 ◽  
pp. 471-474
Author(s):  
P. OEHR ◽  
B. SELBACH ◽  
H.-J. BIERSACK ◽  
C. WINKLER ◽  
B. HUENERMANN
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers

Utilizing the circulating tumor markers in diagnosis and management of medullary thyroid cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 153694
Author(s):  
Maryam Zarkesh ◽  
Noman Arab ◽  
Seyed Mohmmad Tavangar ◽  
Zahra Nozhat ◽  
S Melika Fanaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Evolution of tumor markers after external beam radiotherapy in the non-undifferentiated thyroid cancer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Miralles Moragrega ◽  
Maria Maria Curras Freixes ◽  
Carolina Perdomo Zelaya ◽  
Javier Gargallo Vaamonde ◽  
Maria Llavero Valero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
External Beam Radiotherapy ◽  
External Beam ◽  
Undifferentiated Thyroid Cancer

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN PREDICTING RECURRENCE OR DEATH IN PATIENTS WITH MEDULAR THYROID CANCER

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleh Duda ◽  
◽  
Nina Boyko ◽  
Roman Slipetsky ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Modern Problem ◽  
Vimentin Expression ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Medullary Thyroid

Introduction. Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) belongs to a class of rare neuroendocrine aggressive tumors and arises from parafollicular cells (C-cells). An important modern problem is the development of ways to predict the recurrence of this disease. The aim of the study is to determine the role of immunohistochemical tumor markers of medullary thyroid cancer in predicting recurrence or death. Materials and methods. The analysis of the prospective study included 22 patients with MTC, 5 of whom have developed a recurrence and 4 have died at the end of the 10-year (120 months) follow-up period. Immunohistochemical examinations were performed using monoclonal antibodies of tumor markers calcitonin, chromogranin A, vimentin and Ki-67. Results. The discrepancy between the data of histological and immunohistochemical examinations in MTC is 12.0%, which indicates the hyperdiagnosis of this nosology and argues the importance of performing immunohistochemical examinations to verify the diagnosis. Patients who had a recurrence of MTC had significantly (p <0.05) lower levels of calcitonin expression (5.00 [5.00; 5.00] points) compared with patients who did not relapse, where this figure was 6.00 [6.00; 7.00] points. In patients with MTC, an increase in calcitonin expression was significantly associated with an increase in chromogranin A expression (r = + 0.49, p = 0.02); a similar relationship was found for the proportions of immunopositive cells of these tumor markers: r = + 0.68, p = 0.001. At the same time, it was found that the increase in the level of calcitonin expression was apparently combined with the decrease in the level of Ki-67 expression (r = -0.52, p = 0.02). It was also found that the increase in the level of vimentin expression is combined with an increase in the expression (r = + 0.64, p = 0.001) and the proportion of immunopositive cells of chromogranin A (r = + 0.45, p = 0.038). Conclusions. Low levels of calcitonin expression are prognostically unfavorable markers for the recurrence of MTC. Specific tumor markers are important in the treatment process and for the dynamic monitoring of patients with MTC.

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Serum Tumor Markers in Medullary Thyroid Cancer Patients Undergoing Vandetanib Treatment

Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (45) ◽  
pp. e2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Werner ◽  
J.S. Schmid ◽  
D.O. Muegge ◽  
K. Lückerath ◽  
T. Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Serum Tumor Markers

scholarly journals ADVANCES IN TUMOR MARKERS FOR THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Guo-qing ◽  
Liu Ying ◽  
Cao Di-fei ◽  
Gong Yu ◽  
Su Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Cancer Markers ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity

<p class="lead">Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) is a common endocrine malignancy and mostly is found in women. Different pathological types of PTC have different biological behaviors. The hidden onset results in difficulties to diagnose the early PTC. With the development of the molecular biology, increasing the number of researchers is a focus on tumor markers. The sensitivity and specificity of these tumor markers are helpful for early diagnosis and therapy of PTC. This review is oriented towards the finding of the potent thyroid cancer markers have enhanced sensitivity and specificity, with diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic efficiency.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document