6 Cellular Interaction in the Morphogenesis of Dictyostelium discoideum1

2015 ◽  
pp. 118-142
Author(s):  
Jasodhara Ray ◽  
Richard A. Lerner
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Interaction

scholarly journals Intrapulmonary vaccination with delta-inulin adjuvant stimulates non-polarised chemotactic signalling and diverse cellular interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kia C. Ferrell ◽  
Erica L. Stewart ◽  
Claudio Counoupas ◽  
Thomas M. Ashhurst ◽  
Warwick J. Britton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Γδ T Cells ◽  
Mucosal Vaccine ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Preclinical Development ◽  
Cell Recruitment ◽  
Mait Cells ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Early Inflammatory Response ◽  
Chemotactic Factors

AbstractThere is an urgent need for novel vaccination strategies to combat respiratory pathogens. Mucosal vaccine delivery is an attractive option as it directly targets the site of infection; however, preclinical development has been hindered by a lack of suitable mucosal adjuvants and a limited understanding of their immune effects in the lung environment. Herein, we define the early immune events following the intrapulmonary delivery of a vaccine incorporating the adjuvant delta-inulin. Analysis of the early inflammatory response showed vaccine-induced innate cell recruitment to lungs and local lymph nodes (LN) was transient and non-polarised, correlating with an increase in pulmonary chemotactic factors. Use of fluorescently labelled adjuvant revealed widespread tissue dissemination of adjuvant particles, coupled with broad cellular uptake and transit to the lung-draining LN by a range of innate immune cells. Mass cytometric analysis revealed extensive phenotypic changes in innate and adaptive cell subsets induced by vaccination; this included identification of unconventional lymphocytes such as γδ-T cells and MAIT cells that increased following vaccination and displayed an activated phenotype. This study details a comprehensive view of the immune response to intrapulmonary adjuvant administration and provides pre-clinical evidence to support delta-inulin as a suitable adjuvant for pulmonary vaccines.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility studies of polyurethane electrospun membranes based on arginine as chain extender

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Alejandra Venegas-Cervera ◽  
Andrés Iván Oliva ◽  
Alejandro Avila-Ortega ◽  
José Manuel Cervantes-Uc ◽  
Leydi Maribel Carrillo-Cocom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polyurethane Membranes ◽  
Electrospun Membranes

AbstractElectrospun polymers are an example of multi-functional biomaterials that improve the material-cellular interaction and aimed at enhancing wound healing. The main objective of this work is to fabricate electrospun polyurethane membranes using arginine as chain extender (PUUR) in order to test the fibroblasts affinity and adhesion on the material and the polymer toxicity. Polyurethane membranes were prepared in two steps: (i) the polyurethane synthesis, and ii) the electrospinning process. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The evaluation of PUUR as a scaffolding biomaterial for growing and developing of cells on the material was realized by LIVE/DEAD staining. The results show that the fluorescent surface area of human fibroblasts (hFB), was greater in control dense membranes made from Tecoflex than in electrospun and dense PUUR. From SEM analysis, the electrospun membranes show relatively uniform attachment of cells with a well-spread shape, while Tecoflex dense membranes show a non-proliferating round shape, which is attributed to the fiber’s structure in electrospun membranes. The cell morphology and the cell attachment assay results reveal the well spreading of hFB cells on the surface of electrospun PUUR membranes which indicates a good response related to cell adhesion.

scholarly journals Elucidation of Gram-Positive Bacterial Iron(III) Reduction for Kaolinite Clay Refinement

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3084
Author(s):  
Hao Jing ◽  
Zhao Liu ◽  
Seng How Kuan ◽  
Sylvia Chieng ◽  
Chun Loong Ho
Keyword(s):  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Kaolin Clay ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Rich Media ◽  
The Media

Recently, microbial-based iron reduction has been considered as a viable alternative to typical chemical-based treatments. The iron reduction is an important process in kaolin refining, where iron-bearing impurities in kaolin clay affects the whiteness, refractory properties, and its commercial value. In recent years, Gram-negative bacteria has been in the center stage of iron reduction research, whereas little is known about the potential use of Gram-positive bacteria to refine kaolin clay. In this study, we investigated the ferric reducing capabilities of five microbes by manipulating the microbial growth conditions. Out of the five, we discovered that Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus outperformed the other microbes under nitrogen-rich media. Through the biochemical changes and the microbial behavior, we mapped the hypothetical pathway leading to the iron reduction cellular properties, and found that the iron reduction properties of these Gram-positive bacteria rely heavily on the media composition. The media composition results in increased basification of the media that is a prerequisite for the cellular reduction of ferric ions. Further, these changes impact the formation of biofilm, suggesting that the cellular interaction for the iron(III)oxide reduction is not solely reliant on the formation of biofilms. This article reveals the potential development of Gram-positive microbes in facilitating the microbial-based removal of metal contaminants from clays or ores. Further studies to elucidate the corresponding pathways would be crucial for the further development of the field.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLE SURFACE PROPERTIES ON INTERACTION WITH BRAIN TUMOR ENVIRONMENT

Nano LIFE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 1343003 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRANDON MATTIX ◽  
THOMAS MOORE ◽  
OLGA UVAROV ◽  
SAMUEL POLLARD ◽  
LAUREN O'DONNELL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Drug Clearance ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Uptake Studies ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Current chemotherapy treatments are limited by poor drug solubility, rapid drug clearance and systemic side effects. Additionally, drug penetration into solid tumors is limited by physical diffusion barriers [e.g., extracellular matrix (ECM)]. Nanoparticle (NP) blood circulation half-life, biodistribution and ability to cross extracellular and cellular barriers will be dictated by NP composition, size, shape and surface functionality. Here, we investigated the effect of surface charge of poly(lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol) NPs on mediating cellular interaction. Polymeric NPs of equal sizes were used that had two different surface functionalities: negatively charged carboxyl ( COOH ) and neutral charged methoxy ( OCH 3). Cellular uptake studies showed significantly higher uptake in human brain cancer cells compared to noncancerous human brain cells, and negatively charged COOH NPs were uptaken more than neutral OCH 3 NPs in 2D culture. NPs were also able to load and control the release of paclitaxel (PTX) over 19 days. Toxicity studies in U-87 glioblastoma cells showed that PTX-loaded NPs were effective drug delivery vehicles. Effect of surface charge on NP interaction with the ECM was investigated using collagen in a 3D cellular uptake model, as collagen content varies with the type of cancer and the stage of the disease compared to normal tissues. Results demonstrated that NPs can effectively diffuse across an ECM barrier and into cells, but NP mobility is dictated by surface charge. In vivo biodistribution of OCH 3 NPs in intracranial tumor xenografts showed that NPs more easily accumulated in tumors with less collagen. These results indicate that a robust understanding of NP interaction with various tumor environments can lead to more effective patient-tailored therapies.

Morphological analysis of the cellular interaction between thymocytes and a thymic stromal cell line (TEL-2)

1991 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuho Hirata ◽  
Keiko Mori ◽  
Keiichiro Nakamura ◽  
Masaru Kawabuchi ◽  
Takeshi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Stromal Cell Line ◽  
Thymic Stromal Cell

scholarly journals Exogenous hyalin and sea urchin gastrulation, Part II: hyalin, an interspecies cell adhesion molecule

Zygote ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alvarez ◽  
J. Nnoli ◽  
E.J. Carroll ◽  
V. Hutchins-Carroll ◽  
Z. Razinia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Adhesive Interaction ◽  
Lytechinus Pictus ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Sea Urchin Embryo ◽  
Repeat Domain ◽  
Precise Quantification ◽  
Main Component

SummaryThe 330 kDa fibrillar glycoprotein hyalin is a well known component of the sea urchin embryo extracellular hyaline layer. Only recently, the main component of hyalin, the hyalin repeat domain, has been identified in organisms as widely divergent as bacteria and humans using the GenBank database and therefore its possible function has garnered a great deal of interest. In the sea urchin, hyalin serves as an adhesive substrate in the developing embryo and we have recently shown that exogenously added purified hyalin from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus embryos blocks a model cellular interaction in these embryos, archenteron elongation/attachment to the blastocoel roof. It is important to demonstrate the generality of this result by observing if hyalin from one species of sea urchin blocks archenteron elongation/attachment in another species. Here we show in three repeated experiments, with 30 replicate samples for each condition, that the same concentration of S. purpuratus hyalin (57 μg/ml) that blocked the interaction in living S. purpuratus embryos blocked the same interaction in living Lytechinus pictus embryos. These results correspond with the known crossreactivity of antibody against S. purpuratus hyalin with L. pictus hyalin. We propose that hyalin–hyalin receptor binding may mediate this adhesive interaction. The use of a microplate assay that allows precise quantification of developmental effects should help facilitate identification of the function of hyalin in organisms as divergent as bacteria and humans.

scholarly journals Network-based approaches to quantify multicellular development

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (135) ◽  
pp. 20170484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. B. Jackson ◽  
Salva Duran-Nebreda ◽  
George W. Bassel
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Cellular Organization ◽  
Multicellular Development ◽  
Cell Organization ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

Multicellularity and cellular cooperation confer novel functions on organs following a structure–function relationship. How regulated cell migration, division and differentiation events generate cellular arrangements has been investigated, providing insight into the regulation of genetically encoded patterning processes. Much less is known about the higher-order properties of cellular organization within organs, and how their functional coordination through global spatial relations shape and constrain organ function. Key questions to be addressed include: why are cells organized in the way they are? What is the significance of the patterns of cellular organization selected for by evolution? What other configurations are possible? These may be addressed through a combination of global cellular interaction mapping and network science to uncover the relationship between organ structure and function. Using this approach, global cellular organization can be discretized and analysed, providing a quantitative framework to explore developmental processes. Each of the local and global properties of integrated multicellular systems can be analysed and compared across different tissues and models in discrete terms. Advances in high-resolution microscopy and image analysis continue to make cellular interaction mapping possible in an increasing variety of biological systems and tissues, broadening the further potential application of this approach. Understanding the higher-order properties of complex cellular assemblies provides the opportunity to explore the evolution and constraints of cell organization, establishing structure–function relationships that can guide future organ design.

Anticancer Drug-Inorganic Nanohybrid and Its Cellular Interaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 3700-3705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Young Kim ◽  
Soo-Jin Choi ◽  
Jae-Min Oh ◽  
Taeun Park ◽  
Jin-Ho Choy
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Anticancer Efficacy ◽  
Ion Exchange Reaction ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Double Hydroxide

An anticancer drug, methotrexate (MTX), has been successfully hybridized with layered double hydroxide (LDH) through co-precipitation route to produce MTX-LDH nanohybrids (MTX-LDH). According to the X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy, it was confirmed that MTX molecules are stabilized in the interlayer space of LDHs by electrostatic interaction, maintaining their functional groups and structural integrity. According to the drug release study, the total amount of released MTX from the LDH lattice was determined to be larger under a simulated intracellular lysosomal condition (pH = 4.5) than simulated body fluid one (pH = 7.4). It is, therefore, expected that the MTX molecules in MTX-LDH can be effectively released in lysosomes, since the MTX release could be accelerated via ion-exchange reaction and dissolution of LDH in an acidic lysosomal condition. We also examined the anticancer efficacy of MTX-LDH in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. The cellular uptake of MTX was considerably higher in MTX-LDH-treated cells than in free MTX-treated cells, giving a lower IC50 value for the former than the latter. All the results demonstrated that the MTX-LDH nanohybrid allows the efficient drug delivery in cells, and thus enhances drug efficacy.

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