Effects of Anesthetics on Renal Circulation

2015 ◽  
pp. 179-201
Author(s):  
Stanley Deutsch
Keyword(s):  
Renal Circulation

Renal Circulation and Blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System

Hypertension ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman K. Hollenberg ◽  
Naomi D. L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Renal Circulation ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on renal circulation and excretory function in anaesthetized rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 791-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda Tost* ◽  
Csilla Hably ◽  
Milena Lengyel ◽  
A. Gógl ◽  
A. Lendvai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Renal Circulation ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Anaesthetized Rats ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Myogenic reactivity is reduced in small renal arteries isolated from relaxin-treated rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (2) ◽  
pp. R349-R355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Novak ◽  
Rolando J. J. Ramirez ◽  
Robin E. Gandley ◽  
O. David Sherwood ◽  
Kirk P. Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Renal Circulation ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Myogenic Responses ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Administration of the ovarian hormone relaxin to nonpregnant rats vasodilates the renal circulation comparable to pregnancy. This vasodilation is mediated by endothelin (ET), the ETB receptor, and nitric oxide. Furthermore, endogenous relaxin mediates the renal vasodilation and hyperfiltration that occur during gestation. The goal of this study was to investigate whether myogenic reactivity of small renal and mesenteric arteries is reduced in relaxin-treated rats comparable to the pregnant condition. Relaxin or vehicle was administered to virgin female Long-Evans rats for 5 days at 4 μg/h, thereby producing midgestational blood levels of the hormone. The myogenic responses of small renal arteries (200–300 μm in diameter) isolated from these animals were evaluated in an isobaric arteriograph system. Myogenic reactivity was significantly reduced in the small renal arteries from relaxin-treated compared with vehicle-treated rats. The reduced myogenic responses were mediated by the ETB receptor and nitric oxide since the selective ETB receptor antagonist RES-701–1 and the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester restored myogenic reactivity to virgin levels. The influence of relaxin was not limited to the renal circulation because myogenic reactivity was also reduced in small mesenteric arteries isolated from relaxin-treated rats. Thus relaxin administration to nonpregnant rats mimics pregnancy, insofar as myogenic reactivity of small renal and mesenteric arteries is reduced in both conditions.

Effects of exercise training on the vascular reactivity of the whole kidney circulation in rabbits

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger De Moraes ◽  
Giovanni Gioseffi ◽  
Antonio C. L. Nóbrega ◽  
Eduardo Tibiriçá
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Constant Flow ◽  
Renal Circulation ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Renal Vascular ◽  
Isolated Kidneys

Exercise training is known to improve vasodilating mechanisms mediated by endothelium-dependent relaxing factors in the cardiac and skeletal muscle vascular beds. However, the effects of exercise training on visceral vascular reactivity, including the renal circulation, are still unclear. We used the experimental model of the isolated perfused rabbit kidney, which involves both the renal macro- and microcirculation, to test the hypothesis that exercise training improves vasodilator mechanisms in the entire renal circulation. New Zealand White rabbits were pen confined (Sed; n = 24) or treadmill trained (0% grade) for 5 days/wk at a speed of 18 m/min during 60 min over a 12-wk period (ExT; n = 24). Kidneys isolated from Sed and ExT rabbits were continuously perfused in a nonrecirculating system under conditions of constant flow and precontracted with norepinephrine (NE). We assessed the effects of exercise training on renal vascular reactivity using endothelial-dependent [acetylcholine (ACh) and bradykinin (BK)] and -independent [sodium nitroprusside (SNP)] vasodilators. ACh induced marked and dose-related vasodilator responses in kidneys from Sed rabbits, the reduction in perfusion pressure reaching 41 ± 8% ( n = 6; P < 0.05). In the kidneys from ExT rabbits, vasodilation induced by ACh was significantly enhanced to 54 ± 6% ( n = 6; P < 0.05). In contrast, BK-induced renal vasodilation was not enhanced by training [19 ± 8 and 13 ± 4% reduction in perfusion pressure for Sed and ExT rabbits, respectively ( n = 6; P > 0.05)]. Continuous perfusion of isolated kidneys from ExT animals with Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME; 300 μM), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis, completely blunted the additional vasodilation elicited by ACh [reduction in perfusion pressure of 54 ± 6 and 38 ± 5% for ExT and l-NAME + ExT, respectively ( n = 6; P < 0.05)]. On the other hand, l-NAME infusion did not affect ACh-induced vasodilation in Sed animals. Exercise training also increased renal vasodilation induced by SNP [36 ± 7 and 45 ± 10% reduction in perfusion pressure for Sed and ExT rabbits, respectively ( n = 6; P < 0.05)]. It is concluded that exercise training alters the rabbit kidney vascular reactivity, enhancing endothelium-dependent and -independent renal vasodilation. This effect seems to be related not only to an increased bioavailability of NO but also to the enhanced responsiveness of the renal vascular smooth muscle to NO.

scholarly journals Oral contraceptive progestins and angiotensin-dependent control of the renal circulation in humans

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Sarna ◽  
N K Hollenberg ◽  
E W Seely ◽  
S B Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Renal Circulation

EFFECT OF HYPOTENSION-PRODUCING DRUGS ON THE RENAL CIRCULATION

The Lancet ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 260 (6723) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mackinnon
Keyword(s):  
Renal Circulation
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