Monoclonal Antibodies for Targeting Chemotherapeutic Agents

2015 ◽  
pp. 140-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents

scholarly journals The Promise of Integrins as Effective Targets for Anticancer Agents

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Rust ◽  
Stephen W. Carper ◽  
George E. Plopper
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Drug Design ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drug ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Adenovirus Vectors

This review will briefly describe integrin function, address why integrins are attractive targets for chemotherapeutic drug design, and discuss some ongoing studies aimed at inhibiting integrin activity. Integrins are cell surface heterodimeric receptors. They modulate many cellular processes including: growth, death (apoptosis), adhesion, migration, and invasion by activating several signaling pathways. Many potential chemotherapeutic agents target integrins directly (eg, polypeptides, monoclonal antibodies, adenovirus vectors). These agents may be clinically useful in controlling the metastatic spread of cancer.

scholarly journals EPID-02. STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY AND CHEMOTHERAPY TREATMENT PATTERNS IN BREAST CANCER BRAIN METASTASES

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii78-ii78
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Wang ◽  
Mustafa Ascha ◽  
Carol Kruchko ◽  
Bryan Iorgulescu ◽  
Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitors ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Treatment Patterns ◽  
Chemotherapy Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Brain metastases (BM) are typically treated with systemic chemotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Population-level studies exploring SRS use in different patient populations and its impact on chemotherapy treatment patterns are needed. This study examines data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results (SEER) from 2010–2012 and Medicare claims from 2008–2014 to identify the utility of SRS and associated chemotherapy treatment patterns in the breast cancer BM patient population. 25,954 breast cancer patients were identified, of which 6,657 (26%) received SRS. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used for initial univariate analyses. Univariable logistic regression models were fit for each predictor and multivariable models were selected using LASSO. Compared to patients without SRS, patients who received SRS were older, diagnosed at later disease stages, and less likely to have the Her2-/HR+ subtype. Patients with SRS most commonly received aromatase inhibitors (53.5%), followed by selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM; 31.7%), taxanes (27.2%), alkylating agents (21.2%), monoclonal antibodies (22.2%), antimetabolite drugs (18.3%), anthracyclines (11.4%), and platinating agents (6.8%). Increased odds of SRS were associated with drug classes including taxanes (aOR: 1.29), monoclonal antibodies (aOR: 1.67), antimetabolites (aOR: 1.77), anthracyclines (aOR: 1.32), and topoisomerase-II inhibitors (aOR: 3.16). Aromatase inhibitors were associated with decreased odds of SRS use (aOR: 0.84). Alkylating agents, platinating agents, and SERM had no such associations. Our findings suggest that use of many chemotherapeutic agents increases with SRS regardless of ability to penetrate the blood-brain-barrier and parallels standard systemic breast cancer treatments. Because large-scale studies on the impact of SRS on breast cancer BM patients are lacking, it is important to identify differences in treatment usage and patterns. Important clinical implications regarding drug usage frequency, adherence to treatment guidelines, and use of different agents across SRS patients may arise by analyzing differences amongst and between populations of patients with and without SRS.

scholarly journals Monoclonal antibodies used for management of hematological disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Kanjaksha Ghosh ◽  
Kinjalka Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
Improved Function ◽  
Benign Disorders ◽  
Dosage Frequency ◽  
Organ Dysfunctions

Objectives: Monoclonal antibodies (MAs) are increasingly becoming part of therapeutic armamentarium for hematologists and hemato-oncologists. There is paucity of review on majority of these antibodies in one place. The objective of this review is an attempt to fill the gap in paucity of review on majority of these monoclonal antibodies (MAs) in one place. Material and Methods: ‘Pubmed’ and ‘Scopus’ database was explored focusing on monoclonal antibodies (MAs) in clinical hematological practice. Emphasis was given to the more recently published review articles on different monoclonal antibodies (MAs). Results: In the present review, a total of 23 different monoclonal antibodies (MAs) were discussed; some are very frequently used and some rarely. Monoclonal antibodies (MAs) are used for treatment of diverse hematological conditions, i.e. malignant and benign disorders and at various phases of stem cell transplantation. These antibodies were used either alone or in combination with various chemotherapeutic agents, targeted small molecules or as immunoconjugates. Some of the side effect profiles of these antibodies were common and some were unique to the particular monoclonal antibody (MA). Unusual infections or organ dysfunctions were noted. Improved function of antibodies by protein engineering is also advancing rapidly. Dosage, frequency and route of administration depended on the convenience and condition for which the antibody is used. Conclusion: Monoclonal antibodies (MAs) are going to stay for hematological practice. Some amount of familiarity with their usage, advantages, disadvantages and side effects are essential in clinical practice.

Severe Thrombocytopenia Related to Long-Term Trastuzumab Exposure

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. e1-e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Aguirre ◽  
Teresa Taberner ◽  
Armando Luaña ◽  
Serafin Morales ◽  
Antonio Llombart
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Drug Induced

Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia may occur secondary to several chemotherapeutic agents or new targeted monoclonal antibodies, but thrombocytopenia induced by trastuzumab is a very rare occurrence. We report a case of severe thrombocytopenia related to the administration of trastuzumab six months after the first exposure.

Infectious Complications Associated With Immunomodulating Monoclonal Antibodies Used in the Treatment of Hematologic Malignancy

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Koo ◽  
Lindsey R. Baden
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Immunomodulating Therapy

Immunomodulating monoclonal antibodies are a relatively new addition to the armamentarium of cancer therapeutics and have been shown to improve clinical outcomes in patients with various hematologic malignancies. Because of their targeted nature, these agents are often believed to be less immunosuppressive than standard cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. A clear causal association between an immunomodulating therapy and its infectious sequelae is often difficult to discern because of the burden of comorbid illness, intrinsic immunosuppression from the underlying malignancy, use in the salvage setting, and prior and concomitant use of immunosuppressive agents in this patient population. This article evaluates better-established and anecdotal infectious complications associated with major immunomodulating therapies used in hematologic malignancy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, including rituximab, alemtuzumab, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, infliximab, dacluzimab, and basiliximab.

scholarly journals Advances of Targeted Therapy in Treatment of Unresectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suk-young Lee ◽  
Sang Cheul Oh
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Biologic Agents ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Despite being one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide, prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) was poor. Development and introduction of biologic agents in treatment of patients with metastatic CRC have brought improved outcomes. Monoclonal antibodies directing epidermal growth factor receptors and vascular endothelial growth factor are main biologic agents currently used in treatment of metastatic CRC. Encouraged by results from many clinical trials demonstrating efficacy of those monoclonal antibodies, the combination therapy with those targeted agents and conventional chemotherapeutic agents has been established as the standard therapy for patients with metastatic CRC. However, emergency of resistance to those target agents has limited the efficacy of treatment, and strategies to overcome the resistance are now being investigated by newly developed biological techniques clarifying how to acquire resistance. Here, we introduce mechanisms of action of the biologic agents currently used for treatment of metastatic CRC and several landmark historical clinical studies which have changed the main stream of treatment. The mechanism of resistance to those agents, one of serious problems in treatment metastatic CRC, and ongoing clinical trials to overcome the limitations and improve treatment outcomes will also be presented in this review.

scholarly journals Frontiers of Ovarian Cancer Therapy

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozcan Balat ◽  
Ehab Mohammed ◽  
Andrzej P. Kudelka ◽  
Claire F. Verschraegen ◽  
John J. Kavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Prolonged Survival ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Cellular Therapies ◽  
Advanced Stages

Since the majority of patients with ovarian cancer present with advanced stages of disease, more effective systemic approaches are needed to add to the benefits of surgical staging and debulking. New combinations of taxoids with cisplatin have prolonged survival, and other chemotherapeutic agents are being evaluated. Immunotherapy, including intraperitoneal approaches with monoclonal antibodies, cellular therapies and vaccines, hormone therapy with well-known drugs such as tamoxifen, and gene therapy give promise for the future.

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