Use and Limits of Visual Vestibular Interaction in the Control of Posture

2015 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
J. Droulez ◽  
A. Berthoz ◽  
P. P. Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Vestibular Interaction

Visually evoked slow eye movements, visual-vestibular interaction, and infratentorial lesions

1983 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Wennmo ◽  
Nils Gunnar Henriksson ◽  
Bengt Hindfelt ◽  
Ilmari PyykkÖ ◽  
MÅNs Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Phase Velocity ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Smooth Pursuit ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Slow Phase Velocity ◽  
Velocity Gain ◽  
Visual Vestibular Interaction ◽  
Slow Eye Movements

The maximum velocity gain of smooth pursuit and optokinetic, vestibular, and optovestibular slow phases was examined in 15 patients with pontine, 10 with medullary, 10 with cerebellar, and 5 with combined cerebello — brain stem disorders. Marked dissociations were observed between smooth pursuit and optokinetic slow phases, especially in medullary disease. A cerebellar deficit enhanced slow phase velocity gain during rotation in darkness, whereas the corresponding gain during rotation in light was normal.

Visual-Vestibular Interaction Hypothesis for the Control of Orienting Gaze Shifts by Brain Stem Omnipause Neurons

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 1149-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Prsa ◽  
Henrietta L. Galiana
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Gaze Control ◽  
Gaze Shifts ◽  
Gaze Shift ◽  
Switching Mechanism ◽  
Interaction Hypothesis ◽  
Visual Vestibular Interaction ◽  
Motor Error ◽  
Gaze Position

Models of combined eye-head gaze shifts all aim to realistically simulate behaviorally observed movement dynamics. One of the most problematic features of such models is their inability to determine when a saccadic gaze shift should be initiated and when it should be ended. This is commonly referred to as the switching mechanism mediated by omni-directional pause neurons (OPNs) in the brain stem. Proposed switching strategies implemented in existing gaze control models all rely on a sensory error between instantaneous gaze position and the spatial target. Accordingly, gaze saccades are initiated after presentation of an eccentric visual target and subsequently terminated when an internal estimate of gaze position becomes nearly equal to that of the target. Based on behavioral observations, we demonstrate that such a switching mechanism is insufficient and is unable to explain certain types of movements. We propose an improved hypothesis for how the OPNs control gaze shifts based on a visual-vestibular interaction of signals known to be carried on anatomical projections to the OPN area. The approach is justified by the analysis of recorded gaze shifts interrupted by a head brake in animal subjects and is demonstrated by implementing the switching mechanism in an anatomically based gaze control model. Simulated performance reveals that a weighted sum of three signals: gaze motor error, head velocity, and eye velocity, hypothesized as inputs to OPNs, successfully reproduces diverse behaviorally observed eye-head movements that no other existing model can account for.

A non-linear model for visual-vestibular interaction during body rotation in man

1980 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schmid ◽  
A. Buizza ◽  
D. Zambarbieri
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Visual Vestibular Interaction ◽  
Non Linear

Visual-vestibular interaction in the flocculus of the alert monkey

1981 ◽  
Vol 43-43 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 337-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Waespe ◽  
U. Büttner ◽  
V. Henn
Keyword(s):  
Alert Monkey ◽  
Visual Vestibular Interaction

A Model of Visual-Vestibular Interaction in Cerebellar Disorders

ORL ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Gunnar Henriksson ◽  
Carsten Wennmo ◽  
Ilmari Pyykkö ◽  
Lucyna Schalén
Keyword(s):  
Visual Vestibular Interaction ◽  
Cerebellar Disorders

Visual-vestibular interaction during OVAR in the elderly

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Furman ◽  
Mark S. Redfern
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Otolith Organs ◽  
Fixation Target ◽  
Visual Vestibular Interaction ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Axis Rotation

This study assessed visual-otolith interaction in healthy older humans and compared responses from older subjects to those of younger subjects. Using off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) to stimulate the otolith organs, eye movement responses, measured using electro-oculography, were recorded during rotation in the dark, rotation with an earth-fixed lighted visual surround, and rotation with a subject-fixed fixation target. Results indicated that older subjects, like young subjects, exhibit a modulation component that was as large during rotation with a lighted earth-fixed visual surround as that seen in the dark and a modulation component during rotation with a subject-fixed visual target that was incompletely suppressed. The modulation component was, in general, larger in the older subjects. This study confirms findings from a previous study of visual-otolith interaction in young subjects and suggests that older subjects, like young subjects, have difficulty visually suppressing the modulation component induced by off-vertical axis rotation.

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