23. Antibodies to Tamm-Horsfall Urinary Glycoprotein in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection, Reflux Nephropathy, Urinary Obstruction and Paraplegia

2015 ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin L. Lynn ◽  
Ross R. Bailey ◽  
Ann Groufsky ◽  
John S. Hunt ◽  
Allan R. Bean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Reflux Nephropathy ◽  
Urinary Obstruction ◽  
Urinary Glycoprotein

Primary vesicoureteric reflux and reflux nephropathy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Vesicoureteric Reflux ◽  
Reflux Nephropathy ◽  
Ureterovesical Junction ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections

Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) describes the flow of urine from the bladder into the upper urinary tract when the ureterovesical junction fails to perform as a one-way valve. Most commonly, VUR is primary, though it can be secondary to bladder outflow obstruction and can occur in several multiorgan congenital disorders. There is good evidence of a genetic basis with a greatly increased risk of VUR in children with a family history of VUR. VUR is a congenital disorder, which largely shows improvement or complete resolution with age. Fetal VUR may be associated with parenchymal developmental defects (dysplasia). Postnatally non-infected, non-obstructed VUR does not appear to have a detrimental effect on the kidneys. However there is an association of VUR with urinary tract infection and acquired renal parenchymal defects (scarring). The parenchymal abnormalities detected on imaging, often termed reflux nephropathy, may be as a result of reflux-associated dysplasia or acquired renal scarring or both. It is difficult to distinguish between the two on routine imaging. Higher grades of VUR are associated with more severe reflux nephropathy. The precise role of VUR in pyelonephritis and scarring is not clear and it may be that VUR simply increases the risk of acute pyelonephritis. Whilst most VUR resolves during childhood, it is associated with an increased risk of urinary tract infection and burden of acute disease. Investigation strategies vary considerably, related to uncertainties about the natural history of the condition and the effectiveness of various interventions. The long-term prognosis is chiefly related to the morbidity of reflux nephropathy leading in some cases to impairment of glomerular filtration rate, hypertension, proteinuria, and pregnancy-related conditions including hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and recurrent urinary tract infection. Management is controversial and ranges from simple observation with or without provision of rapid access to diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections; to long-term prophylactic antibiotics or various antireflux surgical procedures.

Reflux Nephropathy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isa F. Ashoor ◽  
Michael J.G. Somers
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Reflux Nephropathy ◽  
Ureteral Reimplantation ◽  
Robotic Assisted ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Excellent Safety Profile ◽  
Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux

Minimally invasive surgical techniques including robotic-assisted laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation and endoscopic transurethral injection are becoming increasingly prevalent. They are associated with a high success rate, shorter hospital stay, and an excellent safety profile.   This review contains 6 figures, 5 tables, 1 video, and 90 references. Key words: congenital reflux nephropathy, acquired reflux nephropathy, robotic-assisted laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation, reflux nephropathy, primary vesicoureteral reflux, urinary tract infection

REFLUX NEPHROPATHY IN INFANCY: A COMPARISON OF INFANTS PRESENTING WITH AND WITHOUT URINARY TRACT INFECTION

2001 ◽  
Vol 166 (2) ◽  
pp. 648-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN SWEENEY ◽  
SALVATORE CASCIO ◽  
MURAGESH VELAYUDHAM ◽  
PREM PURI
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Reflux Nephropathy
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