Keratin Expression during Normal Epidermal Differentiation

2015 ◽  
pp. 277-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung-Tien Sun ◽  
Riva Eichner ◽  
William G. Nelson ◽  
Alda Vidrich ◽  
Janet Woodcock-Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Keratin Expression

scholarly journals Abnormal expression and processing of keratins in pupoid fetus (pf/pf) and repeated epilation (Er/Er) mutant mice.

1987 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1807-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Fisher ◽  
A Jones ◽  
D R Roop
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Normal Pattern ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Keratin Expression ◽  
Normal Environment ◽  
Normal Epidermis ◽  
Newborn Animals

The pupoid fetus (pf) and repeated epilation (Er) mutations of mice result in a failure of epidermal differentiation in homozygotes. Expression of the epidermal keratins has been followed in pf/pf and Er/Er mice by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting using polyclonal antibodies that are monospecific for individual keratin polypeptides. Our results show that expression of the differentiation-specific keratins (K1 and K10) is delayed in both the pf/pf and Er/Er mutants and that, when these keratins do appear later in development, they are localized in the deeper layers of the thickened mutant epidermis. Conversely, K6 and K16, two keratins found in low abundance in normal epidermis, are abundant in mutant epidermis. In newborn mutant epidermis, K6 and K16 are found to be most abundant in the outermost epidermal cells, a distribution opposite to that of K1 and K10. These findings suggest that the expression of these hyperplastic keratins in mutant mice may occur to the exclusion of the differentiation-specific keratins both during development and in newborn animals. Differentiation, and an apparently normal pattern of keratin expression, occur when whole pf/pf or Er/Er skin is grafted to normal mice. These results suggest that the pf and Er genes may be expressed systemically and that transfer of the mutant skin to a "normal" environment results in the recovery of a normal phenotype.

Keratin expression in pilosebaceous epithelia in truncal skin of acne patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. HUGHES ◽  
C. MORRIS ◽  
W.J. CUNLIFFE ◽  
I.M. LEIGH
Keyword(s):  
Keratin Expression

Epidermal Differentiation Enhances CRABP II Expression in Human Skin

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S Eller ◽  
Daniel D Harkness ◽  
J.a.g. Bhawan ◽  
Barbara A Gilchrest
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Crabp Ii

scholarly journals Selective sweep for an enhancer involucrin allele identifies skin barrier adaptation out of Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Elizabeth Mathyer ◽  
Erin A. Brettmann ◽  
Alina D. Schmidt ◽  
Zane A. Goodwin ◽  
Inez Y. Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Sweep ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation Complex ◽  
Regulatory Module ◽  
Reporter Assays ◽  
Out Of Africa

AbstractThe genetic modules that contribute to human evolution are poorly understood. Here we investigate positive selection in the Epidermal Differentiation Complex locus for skin barrier adaptation in diverse HapMap human populations (CEU, JPT/CHB, and YRI). Using Composite of Multiple Signals and iSAFE, we identify selective sweeps for LCE1A-SMCP and involucrin (IVL) haplotypes associated with human migration out-of-Africa, reaching near fixation in European populations. CEU-IVL is associated with increased IVL expression and a known epidermis-specific enhancer. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of the orthologous mouse enhancer in vivo reveals a functional requirement for the enhancer to regulate Ivl expression in cis. Reporter assays confirm increased regulatory and additive enhancer effects of CEU-specific polymorphisms identified at predicted IRF1 and NFIC binding sites in the IVL enhancer (rs4845327) and its promoter (rs1854779). Together, our results identify a selective sweep for a cis regulatory module for CEU-IVL, highlighting human skin barrier evolution for increased IVL expression out-of-Africa.

A Deficiency Screen for Zygotic Loci Required for Establishment and Patterning of the Epidermis in Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M Terns ◽  
Peggy Kroll-Conner ◽  
Jiangwen Zhu ◽  
Sooyoun Chung ◽  
Joel H Rothman
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Seam Cell ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans Genome

To identify genomic regions required for establishment and patterning of the epidermis, we screened 58 deficiencies that collectively delete at least ∼67% of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome. The epidermal pattern of deficiency homozygous embryos was analyzed by examining expression of a marker specific for one of the three major epidermal cell types, the seam cells. The organization of the epidermis and internal organs was also analyzed using a monoclonal antibody specific for epithelial adherens junctions. While seven deficiencies had no apparent effect on seam cell production, 21 were found to result in subnormal, and five in excess numbers of these cells. An additional 23 deficiencies blocked expression of the seam cell marker, in some cases without preventing cell proliferation. Two deficiencies result in multinucleate seam cells. Deficiencies were also identified that result in subnormal numbers of epidermal cells, hyperfusion of epidermal cells into a large syncytium, or aberrant epidermal differentiation. Finally, analysis of internal epithelia revealed deficiencies that cause defects in formation of internal organs, including circularization of the intestine and bifurcation of the pharynx lumen. This study reveals that many regions of the C. elegans genome are required zygotically for patterning of the epidermis and other epithelia.

scholarly journals The Expression Pattern of Epidermal Differentiation Marker Keratin 10 in the Normal Human Breast and Breast Cancer Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 561-570
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Kim ◽  
René Villadsen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Normal Human Breast ◽  
Differentiation Marker ◽  
Breast Gland

Cells of the human breast gland express an array of keratins, of which some are used for characterizing both normal and neoplastic breast tissue. However, the expression pattern of certain keratins has yet to be detailed. Here, the expression of a differentiation marker of epidermal epithelium, keratin 10 (K10), was investigated in the human breast gland. While in normal breast tissue generally less than 1% of luminal epithelial cells expressed K10, in women >30 years of age glandular structures with K10-positive (K10pos) cells were found at higher frequency than in younger women. K10pos cells belong to a mature luminal compartment as they were negative for cKIT, positive for Ks20.8, and mostly non-cycling. In breast cancer, around 16% of primary breast carcinomas tested were positive for K10 by immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, K10pos tumor cells generally exhibit features of differentiation similar to their normal counterparts. Although this suggests that K10 is a marker of tumor differentiation, data based on gene expression analysis imply that high levels of K10 dictate a worse outcome for breast cancer patients. These findings can form the basis of future studies that should unravel which role K10 may play as a marker of breast cancer:

Onset of Epidermal Differentiation in Rapidly Proliferating Basal Keratinocytes

1986 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelle Régnier ◽  
Pierre Vaigot ◽  
Michel Darmon ◽  
Michel Pruniéras
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Basal Keratinocytes

Vitamin A and calcium ions have distinct effects on keratin expression in epithelial cells

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-328
Author(s):  
MICHAEL J. RAXWORTHY ◽  
DIANA B. HOLLAND ◽  
WILLIAM J. CUNLIFFE ◽  
EDWARD J. WOOD
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Keratin Expression
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document