Brainstem Electrical Response Audiometry

2015 ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
K. Terkildsen ◽  
P. Osterhammel
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Response

Use of fractals to describe microstructures of porous thick-film platinum electrodes

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
Steven D. Toteda
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Impedance Response ◽  
Platinum Particles ◽  
Energy Surfaces ◽  
Highly Porous

Zirconia oxygen sensors, in such applications as power plants and automobiles, generally utilize platinum electrodes for the catalytic reaction of dissociating O2 at the surface. The microstructure of the platinum electrode defines the resulting electrical response. The electrode must be porous enough to allow the oxygen to reach the zirconia surface while still remaining electrically continuous. At low sintering temperatures, the platinum is highly porous and fine grained. The platinum particles sinter together as the firing temperatures are increased. As the sintering temperatures are raised even further, the surface of the platinum begins to facet with lower energy surfaces. These microstructural changes can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, but the goal of the work is to characterize the microstructure by its fractal dimension and then relate the fractal dimension to the electrical response. The sensors were fabricated from zirconia powder stabilized in the cubic phase with 8 mol% percent yttria. Each substrate was sintered for 14 hours at 1200°C. The resulting zirconia pellets, 13mm in diameter and 2mm in thickness, were roughly 97 to 98 percent of theoretical density. The Engelhard #6082 platinum paste was applied to the zirconia disks after they were mechanically polished ( diamond). The electrodes were then sintered at temperatures ranging from 600°C to 1000°C. Each sensor was tested to determine the impedance response from 1Hz to 5,000Hz. These frequencies correspond to the electrode at the test temperature of 600°C.

Dynamic electrical response of YBaCuO thin films as a function of microstructure in view of applications to agile electronics

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (PR11) ◽  
pp. Pr11-121-Pr11-125
Author(s):  
F. Abbott ◽  
A. F. Dégardin ◽  
A. De Luca ◽  
O. Schneegans ◽  
É. Caristan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Response

Sensory Transduction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Fain
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Receptor Cell ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Sensory Transduction ◽  
Sensory Receptor ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Sense Organs ◽  
Sensory Physiology ◽  
Effector Molecules

Sensory Transduction provides a thorough and easily accessible introduction to the mechanisms that each of the different kinds of sensory receptor cell uses to convert a sensory stimulus into an electrical response. Beginning with an introduction to methods of experimentation, sensory specializations, ion channels, and G-protein cascades, it provides up-to-date reviews of all of the major senses, including touch, hearing, olfaction, taste, photoreception, and the “extra” senses of thermoreception, electroreception, and magnetoreception. By bringing mechanisms of all of the senses together into a coherent treatment, it facilitates comparison of ion channels, metabotropic effector molecules, second messengers, and other components of signal pathways that are common themes in the physiology of the different sense organs. With its many clear illustrations and easily assimilated exposition, it provides an ideal introduction to current research for the professional in neuroscience, as well as a text for an advanced undergraduate or graduate-level course on sensory physiology.

Disturbing Gtp-Binding Protein Function Through Microinjection Into The Visual Cell Of Limulus

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 915-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henmg Stieve ◽  
Barbara Niemeyer ◽  
Klaus Aktories ◽  
Heidi E. Hamm
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Visual Cell ◽  
Gtp Binding ◽  
Dim Light ◽  
Ventral Nerve Photoreceptor

We have tested the action of three agents microinjected into the ventral nerve photoreceptor of Limulus on the electrical response to dim light. 1. A monoclonal antibody (mAb 4 A) against the Gɑ subunit of frog transducin reduces the size of the receptor current to 60%, suggesting an interaction with Gɑ in the Limulus photoreceptor. 2. Injection of Clostridium botulinum ADPribosyltransferase C 3 reduces the size to 46%; latency is not affected. The results imply that small GTP-binding proteins play a functional role in photoreception of invertebrates. 3. Injection of GD P-β-S reduces dose-dependently the size of the receptor current to 15% and prolongs the latency to 200%, presumably by reducing number and rate of G-protein activations

scholarly journals Mobile Ion-Driven Modulation of Electronic Conductivity Explains Long-Timescale Electrical Response in Lead Iodide Perovskite Thick Pellets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisé García-Batlle ◽  
Sarah Deumel ◽  
Judith E. Huerdler ◽  
Sandro F. Tedde ◽  
Antonio Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Response ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Lead Iodide

scholarly journals Stochastic Spatial Heterogeneity in Activities of H+-ATP-ases in Electrically Connected Plant Cells Decreases Threshold for Cooling-Induced Electrical Responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8254
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sukhova ◽  
Daria Ratnitsyna ◽  
Vladimir Sukhov
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Excitable Cells ◽  
Molecular Transporters ◽  
Positive Shift ◽  
Stochastic Heterogeneity ◽  
Electrical Responses

H+-ATP-ases, which support proton efflux through the plasma membrane, are key molecular transporters for electrogenesis in cells of higher plants. Initial activities of the transporters can influence the thresholds of generation of electrical responses induced by stressors and modify other parameters of these responses. Previously, it was theoretically shown that the stochastic heterogeneity of individual cell thresholds for electrical responses in a system of electrically connected neuronal cells can decrease the total threshold of the system (“diversity-induced resonance”, DIR). In the current work, we tested a hypothesis about decreasing the thresholds of generation of cooling-induced electrical responses in a system of electrically connected plant cells with increasing stochastic spatial heterogeny in the initial activities of H+-ATP-ases in these cells. A two-dimensional model of the system of electrically connected excitable cells (simple imitation of plant leaf), which was based on a model previously developed in our works, was used for the present investigation. Simulation showed that increasing dispersion in the distribution of initial activities of H+-ATP-ases between cells decreased the thresholds of generation of cooling-induced electrical responses. In addition, the increasing weakly influenced the amplitudes of electrical responses. Additional analysis showed two different mechanisms of the revealed effect. The increasing spatial heterogeneity in activities of H+-ATP-ases induced a weak positive shift of the membrane potential at rest. The shift decreased the threshold of electrical response generation. However, the decreased threshold induced by increasing the H+-ATP-ase activity heterogeneity was also observed after the elimination of the positive shift. The result showed that the “DIR-like” mechanism also participated in the revealed effect. Finally, we showed that the standard deviation of the membrane potentials before the induction of action potentials could be used for the estimation of thresholds of cooling-induced plant electrical responses. Thus, spatial heterogeneity in the initial activities of H+-ATP-ases can be a new regulatory mechanism influencing the generation of electrical responses in plants under actions of stressors.

scholarly journals Electronic Devices for Stress Detection in Academic Contexts during Confinement Because of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Cristhian Manuel Durán-Acevedo ◽  
Jeniffer Katerine Carrillo-Gómez ◽  
Camilo Andrés Albarracín-Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Response ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Trapezius Muscle ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Engineering Department

This article studies the development and implementation of different electronic devices for measuring signals during stress situations, specifically in academic contexts in a student group of the Engineering Department at the University of Pamplona (Colombia). For the research’s development, devices for measuring physiological signals were used through a Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), the electrical response of the heart by using an electrocardiogram (ECG), the electrical activity produced by the upper trapezius muscle (EMG), and the development of an electronic nose system (E-nose) as a pilot study for the detection and identification of the Volatile Organic Compounds profiles emitted by the skin. The data gathering was taken during an online test (during the COVID-19 Pandemic), in which the aim was to measure the student’s stress state and then during the relaxation state after the exam period. Two algorithms were used for the data process, such as Linear Discriminant Analysis and Support Vector Machine through the Python software for the classification and differentiation of the assessment, achieving 100% of classification through GSR, 90% with the E-nose system proposed, 90% with the EMG system, and 88% success by using ECG, respectively.

Nanostructure, optical and electrical response of gamma ray radiated PdS/p-Si heterojunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 105474
Author(s):  
Syed Mansoor Ali ◽  
M.S. AlGarawi ◽  
Salah Ud-Din Khan ◽  
S. Aldawood
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Electrical Response
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document