Postnatal Development of Spinal Cord in the Normal and Hypothyroid Rat

2015 ◽  
pp. 62-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmail Meisami
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Postnatal Development

scholarly journals Early postnatal development of GABAergic presynaptic inhibition of Ia proprioceptive afferent connections in mouse spinal cord

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
pp. 2118-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Sonner ◽  
David R. Ladle
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Presynaptic Inhibition ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Reciprocal Inhibition ◽  
Afferent Feedback ◽  
Early Postnatal Development ◽  
Ia Afferent ◽  
Ia Afferents ◽  
Stimulation Of

Sensory feedback is critical for normal locomotion and adaptation to external perturbations during movement. Feedback provided by group Ia afferents influences motor output both directly through monosynaptic connections and indirectly through spinal interneuronal circuits. For example, the circuit responsible for reciprocal inhibition, which acts to prevent co-contraction of antagonist flexor and extensor muscles, is driven by Ia afferent feedback. Additionally, circuits mediating presynaptic inhibition can limit Ia afferent synaptic transmission onto central neuronal targets in a task-specific manner. These circuits can also be activated by stimulation of proprioceptive afferents. Rodent locomotion rapidly matures during postnatal development; therefore, we assayed the functional status of reciprocal and presynaptic inhibitory circuits of mice at birth and compared responses with observations made after 1 wk of postnatal development. Using extracellular physiological techniques from isolated and hemisected spinal cord preparations, we demonstrate that Ia afferent-evoked reciprocal inhibition is as effective at blocking antagonist motor neuron activation at birth as at 1 wk postnatally. In contrast, at birth conditioning stimulation of muscle nerve afferents failed to evoke presynaptic inhibition sufficient to block functional transmission at synapses between Ia afferents and motor neurons, even though dorsal root potentials could be evoked by stimulating the neighboring dorsal root. Presynaptic inhibition at this synapse was readily observed, however, at the end of the first postnatal week. These results indicate Ia afferent feedback from the periphery to central spinal circuits is only weakly gated at birth, which may provide enhanced sensitivity to peripheral feedback during early postnatal experiences.

scholarly journals POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE GABA SYSTEM IN THE RAT SPINAL CORD

1982 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ken-ichi SAITO ◽  
Masayoshi GOTO ◽  
Hideomi FUKUDA
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Gaba System

Postnatal development of a demyelinating disease in avian spinal cord chimeras

Cell ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masae Kinutani ◽  
Monique Coltey ◽  
Nicole M. Le Douarin
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Demyelinating Disease

Utilization of ketone bodies by chick brain and spinal cord during embryonic and postnatal development

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Linares ◽  
G. J. Caama�o ◽  
R. Diaz ◽  
F. J. Gonzalez ◽  
E. Garcia-Peregrin
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Chick Brain ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord

scholarly journals Postnatal development of brainstem serotonin-containing neurons projecting to lumbar spinal cord in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 586-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Tanaka ◽  
Satoshi Amamiya ◽  
Nao Miura ◽  
Akiko Araki ◽  
Junko Ohinata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Lumbar Spinal
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