Metabolic Fate of Alanine in Guinea Pig Renal Cortex1

2015 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
G. Baverel ◽  
M. Forissier ◽  
B. Ferrier
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Metabolic Fate

Studies on the metabolic fate of 32P-labelled emulsifier YN in the mouse, guinea-pig and ferret

1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Phillips ◽  
I.F. Gaunt ◽  
S.D. Gangolli
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Metabolic Fate

scholarly journals Biliary excretion of cyclohexylphenyl 4-[35S]sulphate in the guinea pig

1978 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-448
Author(s):  
G M Powell ◽  
A H Olavesen ◽  
C G Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Intact Animal ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Metabolic Fate ◽  
Pig Liver ◽  
Acid Conjugate ◽  
Guinea Pig Liver

The metabolic fate and mode of excretion of cyclohexylphenyl 4-[35S]sulphate were studied in the guinea pig. Up to 54.8% of the dose appeared in the bile, the majority as unchanged ester. Substantial amounts of hydroxylated cyclohexylphenyl 4-[35S]sulphate were also excreted in the bile together with minor amounts of the corresponding glucuronic acid conjugate. When isolated guinea-pig livers were perfused with cyclohexylphenyl 4-[35S]sulphate the biliary components were the same as those in the intact animal, although the relative concentration of the hydroxylated derivative was significantly greater. When the hydroxylated derivative was re-injected into guinea pigs it was excreted almost entirely unchanged in the bile. However, in the rat, it was excreted in the bile as a glucuronic acid conjugate. These findings are discussed in relation to studies carried out in the rat [Hearse, Powell, Olavesen & Dodgson (1969) Biochem. Pharmacol. 18, 181–195] and to differences in enzyme activities in rat and guinea-pig liver. The results are also discussed in terms of the molecular-weight threshold for the excretion of anions in guinea-pig bile.

scholarly journals The metabolic fate of amphetamine in man and other species

1970 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Dring ◽  
R. L. Smith ◽  
R. T. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Methyl Ketone ◽  
Metabolic Fate ◽  
Unchanged Drug ◽  
Main Metabolite ◽  
Acid Labile

1. The fate of [14C]amphetamine in man, rhesus monkey, greyhound, rat, rabbit, mouse and guinea pig has been studied. 2. In three men receiving orally 5mg each (about 0.07mg/kg), about 90% of the 14C was excreted in the urine in 3–4 days. About 60–65% of the 14C was excreted in 1 day, 30% as unchanged drug, 21% as total benzoic acid and 3% as 4-hydroxyamphetamine. 3. In two rhesus monkeys (dose 0.66mg/kg), the metabolites excreted in 24h were similar to those in man except that there was little 4-hydroxyamphetamine. 4. In greyhounds receiving 5mg/kg intraperitoneally the metabolites were similar in amount to those in man. 5. Rabbits receiving 10mg/kg orally differed from all other species. They excreted little unchanged amphetamine (4% of dose) and 4-hydroxyamphetamine (6%). They excreted in 24h mainly benzoic acid (total 25%), an acid-labile precursor of 1-phenylpropan-2-one (benzyl methyl ketone) (22%) and conjugated 1-phenylpropan-2-ol (benzylmethylcarbinol) (7%). 6. Rats receiving 10mg/kg orally also differed from other species. The main metabolite (60% of dose) was conjugated 4-hydroxyamphetamine. Minor metabolites were amphetamine (13%), N-acetylamphetamine (2%), norephedrine (0.3%) and 4-hydroxynorephedrine (0.3%). 7. The guinea pig receiving 5mg/kg excreted only benzoic acid and its conjugates (62%) and amphetamine (22%). 8. The mouse receiving 10mg/kg excreted amphetamine (33%), 4-hydroxyamphetamine (14%) and benzoic acid and its conjugates (31%). 9. Experiments on the precursor of 1-phenylpropan-2-one occurring in rabbit urine suggest that it might be the enol sulphate of the ketone. A very small amount of the ketone (1–3%) was also found in human and greyhound urine after acid hydrolysis.

scholarly journals Metabolic fate of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine in the guinea pig and rabbit.

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1267-1273
Author(s):  
KUNISUKE NAGAMATSU ◽  
YASUMASA KIDO ◽  
GORO URAKUBO
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Metabolic Fate

Uptake and metabolism of [3H]norepinephrine in uterine nerves of pregnant guinea pig

1979 ◽  
Vol 236 (5) ◽  
pp. C277-C285 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Alm ◽  
C. Owman ◽  
N. O. Sjoberg ◽  
G. Thorbert
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Axonal Degeneration ◽  
Neuronal Uptake ◽  
Adrenergic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Metabolic Fate ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Acid Metabolites ◽  
Uptake And Metabolism

Myometrial tissue slices from virgin, pregnant (uni- or bilateral pregnancy), and puerperal animals were incubated in media containing [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE), and the neuronal and extraneuronal uptake was estimated. The metabolic fate of [3H]NE was elucidated by the chromatographic separation of [3H]NE, [3H]normetanephrine and 3H-labeled acid metabolites. An early and extensive reduction in both total and neuronal uptakes occurred in the myometrial regions surrounding the fetuses, and at term pregnancy no neuronal [3H]NE uptake at all was found in tissue slices from the fetus-containing horns. Concomitantly, the fraction of unchanged [3H]NE decreased with a corresponding increment in its metabolites. Similar changes, though less extensive, also occurred in the empty horn in unilateral pregnancy. The total amount of neuronal uptake in the cervix seemed unchanged compared to virgin animals. Earlier and present data support the following suggestion that in uterine horns harboring fetuses, an extensive axonal degeneration occurs; in those devoid of fetuses (unilateral pregnancy), the nerve terminals are to a great extent structurally intact, but functionally damaged. Recovery of the pregnancy-induced impairment of the adrenergic nerve plexus is slow and incomplete.

Effect of Contraceptive Steroids on the Endometrium of Guinea Pig: SEM study

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
Mai M. Said ◽  
Ramesh K. Nayak ◽  
Randall E. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Human Female ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Uterine Mucosa ◽  
Group 1

Burgos and Wislocki described changes in the mucosa of the guinea pig uterus, cervix and vagina during the estrous cycle investigated by transmission electron microscopy. More recently, Moghissi and Reame reported the effects of progestational agents on the human female reproductive tract. They found drooping and shortening of cilia in norgestrel and norethindrone- treated endometria. To the best of our knowledge, no studies concerning the effects of mestranol and norethindrone given concurrently on the three-dimensional surface features on the uterine mucosa of the guinea pig have been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mestranol and norethindrone on surface ultrastructure of guinea pig uterus by SEM.Seventy eight animals were used in this study. They were allocated into two groups. Group 1 (20 animals) was injected intramuscularly 0.1 ml vegetable oil and served as controls.

Ultrastructure and Drug Metabolism in the Developing Guinea Pig

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
W. Kuenzig ◽  
M. Boublik ◽  
J.J. Kamm ◽  
J.J. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Adult Animal ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Microsomal Mixed Function Oxidase ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase Activity

Unlike a variety of other animal species, such as the rabbit, mouse or rat, the guinea pig has a relatively long gestation period and is a more fully developed animal at birth. Kuenzig et al. reported that drug metabolic activity which increases very slowly during fetal life, increases rapidly after birth. Hepatocytes of a 3-day old neonate metabolize drugs and reduce cytochrome P-450 at a rate comparable to that observed in the adult animal. Moreover the administration of drugs like phenobarbital to pregnant guinea pigs increases the microsomal mixed function oxidase activity already in the fetus.Drug metabolic activity is, generally, localized within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) of the hepatocyte.

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