Commercial Production of Ready-to-serve Foods in the United States

2015 ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Livingston ◽  
C. M. Chang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Production

Corroboration That Highly Resistant Impatiens Cultivars Are Not Immune to Downy Mildew Disease: A Report of Crop Losses from Two California Producers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-216
Author(s):  
Margery Daughtrey ◽  
Janna Beckerman ◽  
William J. Davis ◽  
Karen Rane ◽  
Jo Anne Crouch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
The United States ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Impatiens Walleriana ◽  
Action Groups ◽  
Downy Mildew Disease

Two new series of Impatiens walleriana (impatiens) cultivars, Beacon and Imara XDR, were released to commercial growers in the United States in 2019 to 2020. Field trials show these new cultivar series are highly resistant to impatiens downy mildew (IDM). However, neither of these two impatiens series are completely immune to the disease, and preventive fungicide programs are still recommended for use throughout production to maintain plant health. Here we report two destructive outbreaks of IDM from Imara XDR in two commercial production facilities in California, one in 2019 and one in 2020. The disease outbreaks were caused by a known rDNA genotype of Plasmopara destructor (synonym = P. obducens). Modified Koch’s postulates showed that the pathogen could infect and cause disease in both Beacon and Imara XDR plants. Mefenoxam applied by both growers may have been ineffective due to resistance in P. destructor populations, which has been demonstrated on several previous occasions. Given these findings, fungicide programs intended to supplement genetic resistance should not be overly reliant upon application of mefenoxam and should utilize effective materials from different mode of action groups, in rotation. Fungicides to supplement genetic resistance are particularly appropriate in frost-free areas or in any circumstances that provide a potential inoculum source.

scholarly journals Temperature Effects on Flower Induction of Two Phalaenopsis Orchid Hybrids

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 882D-882
Author(s):  
Matthew G. Blanchard* ◽  
Erik Runkle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Regimen ◽  
Constant Versus ◽  
The U.S

The commercial production of potted flowering orchids has increased tremendously in the past decade, and is now the second most valuable potted flowering crop in the United States. Phalaenopsis spp. comprise a large percentage (75% to 85%) of the potted orchid sales in the U.S. due to their long flower life and ease of scheduling to meet specific market dates. Constant air temperatures above ≈26 °C inhibit flowering of most Phalaenopsis hybrids, and a 25/20 °C day/night temperature regimen is used commercially to induce flowering. However, the relative promotion of flowering by constant versus fluctuating day/night cool temperatures (<25 °C) has not been well described. Phalaenopsis Miva Smartissimo × Canberra `450' and Brother Goldsmith `720' were grown at constant temperatures of 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, and 29 °C, and day/night temperatures of 20/14, 23/17, 26/14, 26/20, 29/23, and 29/17 °C;. Plants were grown in glass greenhouses with a constant photoperiod of 12 h, and shading was provided so that the maximum instantaneous irradiance was ≤150 μmol·m-2·s-1. After 6 weeks at the various temperature setpoints, ≥80% of plants of both cultivars had VI when grown at a constant 17, 20, or 23 °C, and at the 23/17 °C day/night regimen. None of the plants were reproductive within 6 weeks when grown at a constant 26 or 29 °C, or at the 26/14, 26/20, 29/17, or 29/23 °C day/night temperature setpoints. Therefore, temperature during the day and night both influence flowering of these two Phalaenopsis orchid hybrids.

STUDIES ON THE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF PATHOGEN-INDEXED ASIATIC LILY BULBS IN THE UNITED STATES

1997 ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Tammen ◽  
F.W. Zettler ◽  
T.A. Nell ◽  
J.E. Barrett ◽  
R. Leonard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Production

scholarly journals Optimizing Plant Health and Pest Management of Lagerstroemia spp. in Commercial Production and Landscape Situations in the Southeastern United States: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Chappell ◽  
S. Kristine Braman ◽  
Jean Williams-Woodward ◽  
Gary Knox
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Wide Range

Lagerstroemia is a genus of plants comprised of deciduous shrubs or small trees native to China southward into Southeast Asia. L. indica, the oldest and most widespread species in cultivation in the United States, has been cultivated as an ornamental for centuries and was introduced to the Southeastern U.S. over 175 years ago. Much has been disseminated on the culture and commercial production of crapemyrtle species and cultivars; including plant forms and function, adaptability to macro and micro environment, growth and floral characteristics, and commercial production and landscape culture and maintenance. Since the introduction of L. indica in the United States, L. fauriei, L. subcostata and L. limii have also been introduced. However, since the mid 1970s, interspecific hybrids between L. indica × L. fauriei comprise the majority of new cultivar introductions. Breeding efforts have resulted in 133 commercially available cultivars as of December 2011 that include cultivars with ever improving form and flowering, new flower colors, ornamental bark, ornamental foliage, and disease tolerance. However, there is a wide range among cultivars of tolerance to key pests and diseases such as powdery mildew, Cercospora leaf spot, flea beetle and Japanese beetle. A large number of pests and plant pathogens also negatively affect crapemyrtle health including granulate ambrosia beetle, crapemyrtle aphid, bark scale, bacterial leaf spot, sooty mold and soil-borne root and crown diseases. This review focuses on crapemyrtle culture, in both commercial and landscape settings, with an emphasis on optimizing plant health through the discussion of major abiotic and biotic stressors and cultivar variation in tolerance to these stressors.

scholarly journals ‘Florida Radiance’ Strawberry

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vance M. Whitaker ◽  
Craig K. Chandler ◽  
Bielinski M. Santos ◽  
Natalia A. Peres
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Strawberry Cultivar ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Field Plots

‘Florida Radiance’ is a strawberry cultivar released from UF/IFAS in 2008. As of 2012, it has become a major cultivar in Florida and other winter and early spring production regions worldwide. In all markets outside the United States and Canada, it is marketed as ‘Florida Fortuna’. In addition to commercial production, it has been tested for many years in field plots at the UF/IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center in Wimauma and the Florida Strawberry Growers Association headquarters in Dover for disease, fruit, and plant traits. This 4-page fact sheet was written by Vance M. Whitaker, Craig K. Chandler, Bielinski M. Santos, and Natalia A. Peres, and published by the UF Department of Horticultural Sciences, June 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs400

scholarly journals Commercial Production of Currants and Gooseberries in the Inland Northwest and Intermountain West of the United States: Opportunities and Risks

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny L. Barney
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
Intermountain West ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Inland Northwest ◽  
Surrounding Areas

During the 1800s and early 1900s, red and white currants (Ribes L. subgenus Ribes), black currants (Ribes subgenus Coreosma), and gooseberries (Ribes subgenus Grossularia) were grown commercially in the United States. Because Ribes serve as alternative hosts of white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fischer) (WPBR), which was introduced from Europe, the federal government and many states either banned or severely restricted currant and gooseberry production beginning about 1933. The development of WPBR resistant pines and black currants (the most susceptible cultivated Ribes) renewed interest in commercial Ribes production. Climatic and soil conditions in selected areas of the U.S. inland northwest and intermountain west (INIW) are favorable for commercial currant and gooseberry production. Challenges to the establishment of a Ribes industry are labor, marketing, diseases, and pests. Careful site and cultivar selection are critical for successful commercial production. This article describes Ribes opportunities and risks associated with currant and gooseberry production in the INIW. The region includes Idaho and surrounding areas in Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

scholarly journals Russia and USA in their Rivalry for Arctic: New Stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
S. S. Zhiltsov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
World Politics ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Main Instrument ◽  
Arctic Policy ◽  
The Military

 The article relates to the geopolitical rivalry in the Arctic unwound in the recent years between the United States and Russia. Both countries claim leading positions here considering the Arctic as a region where the commercial production of hydrocarbon resources is eventually possible. Climate change breaks new ground for the shipping development in the Arctic. It stands to reason that Russia and the United States have redoubled their attention to the Arctic merchant shipping development and are enhancing naval vessels commissioning. Russia and the United States have made significant progress in this regard. However, changes in world politics, growth of contradictions in the world economy have led to stepping up policy of Russia and the United States in the Arctic. To defend their interests, Russia and the United States adopted a series of documents indicating the Arctic policy avenues. The article examines both Russia and the United States approaches to the policy implementation in the Arctic, as well as the future challenges facing the countries. The author finds that the geopolitical rivalry between the leading Arctic states for the Arctic will continue. Being unable to establish commercial production in the Arctic, Russia and the United States will implement the increased focus on the military sphere. The creation of the necessary military infrastructure, the construction of new vessels will become a key objective for both states. In addition, Russia and the United States will expand support for Arctic shipbuilding, which is seen as the main instrument for promoting their economic interests.

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