Nutritional Conditions in Yugoslavia and their Reflection on Health

2015 ◽  
pp. 263-274
Author(s):  
E. Ferber
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Conditions

scholarly journals Polymer-protomer transition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase occurs in vivo and varies with nutritional conditions.

1980 ◽  
Vol 255 (21) ◽  
pp. 10033-10035
Author(s):  
B.A. Ashcraft ◽  
W.S. Fillers ◽  
S.L. Augustine ◽  
S.D. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Nutritional Conditions

scholarly journals CD25890, a conserved protein that modulates sporulation initiation in Clostridioides difficile

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Martins ◽  
Michael A. DiCandia ◽  
Aristides L. Mendes ◽  
Daniela Wetzel ◽  
Shonna M. McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Intestine ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Sporulation Initiation

AbstractBacteria that reside in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy humans are essential for our health, sustenance and well-being. About 50–60% of those bacteria have the ability to produce resilient spores that are important for the life cycle in the gut and for host-to-host transmission. A genomic signature for sporulation in the human intestine was recently described, which spans both commensals and pathogens such as Clostridioides difficile and contains several genes of unknown function. We report on the characterization of a signature gene, CD25890, which, as we show is involved in the control of sporulation initiation in C. difficile under certain nutritional conditions. Spo0A is the main regulatory protein controlling entry into sporulation and we show that an in-frame deletion of CD25890 results in increased expression of spo0A per cell and increased sporulation. The effect of CD25890 on spo0A is likely indirect and mediated through repression of the sinRR´ operon. Deletion of the CD25890 gene, however, does not alter the expression of the genes coding for the cytotoxins or the genes involved in biofilm formation. Our results suggest that CD25890 acts to modulate sporulation in response to the nutrients present in the environment.

scholarly journals Bone Marrow Adipocytes—Role in Physiology and Various Nutritional Conditions in Human and Animal Models

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1412
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Piotrowska ◽  
Maciej Tarnowski
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Heterogeneous Tissue

In recent years, adipose tissue has attracted a lot of attention. It is not only an energy reservoir but also plays important immune, paracrine and endocrine roles. BMAT (bone marrow adipose tissue) is a heterogeneous tissue, found mostly in the medullary canal of the long bones (tibia, femur and humerus), in the vertebrae and iliac crest. Adipogenesis in bone marrow cavities is a consequence of ageing or may accompany pathologies like diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM), T2DM, anorexia nervosa, oestrogen and growth hormone deficiencies or impaired haematopoiesis and osteoporosis. This paper focuses on studies concerning BMAT and its physiology in dietary interventions, like obesity in humans and high fat diet in rodent studies; and opposite: anorexia nervosa and calorie restriction in animal models.

scholarly journals Divergent Adaptation Strategies of Vascular Facultative Epiphytes to Bark and Soil Habitats: Insights from Stoichiometry

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Wenyao Liu ◽  
Tao Hu ◽  
Dandan Tang ◽  
Yuxuan Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Variable Element ◽  
C:P Ratios ◽  
Strong Control ◽  
Forest Habitats ◽  
Cultivation Experiment

Understanding the stoichiometric traits of plants is critical for studying their ecological adaptation strategies. Facultative epiphytes (which can also live on the ground) are an important component of epiphytic flora of montane forest ecosystems. However, a key gap persists in our understanding how facultative epiphytes can adapt different nutritional conditions of ground and canopy habitats? To study adaptive strategies of facultative epiphytes and the characteristics of the content and stoichiometric homeostasis of C, N, and P elements, we conducted a field experiment and a greenhouse N and P additions cultivation experiment. We found that epiphytic individuals of facultative epiphytes showed lower C:N and C:P ratios, higher variation in elemental composition, and more pronounced N limitation than terrestrial individuals. Moreover, facultative epiphytes showed strong control over the elemental composition of leaves, and their stoichiometric homeostasis of leaves and stems were stronger than roots. Furthermore, the homeostasis of facultative epiphytes decreased in the order N > P. Our results indicated that epiphytic and terrestrial individuals of facultative epiphytes have difference in nutrient limitation, and they use plastic strategies in different habitats. Epiphytic individuals survive in the intermittent habitat through luxury consumption of nutrient while terrestrial individuals were relatively conservative nutrient users. Furthermore, our results implied that facultative epiphytes maintain stable metabolic leaf activity via variable element concentrations of roots to adapt to highly heterogeneous forest habitats.

Treatment of Dysphagia Improves Nutritional Conditions in Stroke Patients

Dysphagia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sölve Elmståhl ◽  
Margareta Bülow ◽  
Olle Ekberg ◽  
Marie Petersson ◽  
Hans Tegner
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Nutritional Conditions

scholarly journals Obesity trends and determinant factors in Latin America

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S77-S86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Kain ◽  
Fernando Vio ◽  
Cecilia Albala
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Nutritional Transition ◽  
Obesity Trends ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Obesity rates have increased markedly in Latin America, especially during the last 10-15 years, becoming a public health problem in most countries. Prevalence of obesity among preschool children remains low, while among schoolchildren it has increased considerably. Prevalence is high in the adult population, especially among women with less schooling. In developed populations, obesity occurs more frequently among the poor; the opposite occurs in less developed societies, where in households undergoing nutritional transition, underweight can coexist with obesity. The most important determinant factors involved in the increasing obesity prevalence are fetal and infant nutritional conditions (stunting), education and socioeconomic conditions, dietary changes (especially increased total energy intake), and physical inactivity. Because chronic diseases are the main causes of death in the Region and obesity is one of the main risk factors for these diseases, policies to improve economic and educational levels with the implementation of health promotion and prevention should be a priority in every country.

Effect of Nutritional Conditions on Changes in Leukocyte Populations in Japanese Black Calves

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromichi OHTSUKA ◽  
Narumi FUKUNAGA ◽  
Shigeo FUKUDA ◽  
Atsushi HATSUGAYA ◽  
Tomohito HAYASHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Leukocyte Populations

Liver autofluorescence properties in animal model under altered nutritional conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Cleta Croce ◽  
Uliana De Simone ◽  
Mariapia Vairetti ◽  
Andrea Ferrigno ◽  
Eleonora Boncompagni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Nutritional Conditions

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Retrograde Signaling Contributes to Metabolic Differentiation in Yeast Colonies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5597
Author(s):  
Vítězslav Plocek ◽  
Kristýna Fadrhonc ◽  
Jana Maršíková ◽  
Libuše Váchová ◽  
Alexandra Pokorná ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Translation ◽  
Metabolic Intermediates ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Mitochondrial Ribosome ◽  
Development And Differentiation ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Different Cell Types

During development of yeast colonies, various cell subpopulations form, which differ in their properties and specifically localize within the structure. Three branches of mitochondrial retrograde (RTG) signaling play a role in colony development and differentiation, each of them activating the production of specific markers in different cell types. Here, aiming to identify proteins and processes controlled by the RTG pathway, we analyzed proteomes of individual cell subpopulations from colonies of strains, mutated in genes of the RTG pathway. Resulting data, along with microscopic analyses revealed that the RTG pathway predominantly regulates processes in U cells, long-lived cells with unique properties, which are localized in upper colony regions. Rtg proteins therein activate processes leading to amino acid biosynthesis, including transport of metabolic intermediates between compartments, but also repress expression of mitochondrial ribosome components, thus possibly contributing to reduced mitochondrial translation in U cells. The results reveal the RTG pathway’s role in activating metabolic processes, important in U cell adaptation to altered nutritional conditions. They also point to the important role of Rtg regulators in repressing mitochondrial activity in U cells.

Canteens of the Kazan Consumer Society as a public catering apparatus in 1920

1923 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
V. V. Miloslavsky
Keyword(s):  
Marriage Rate ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
The State ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Public Catering

The years we have just lived through have given us many striking examples of the enormous role that nutrition plays in people's lives. Whichever side of the latter we take, it will reflect the state of nutrition; whichever social phenomenon we measure, the best scale is the number of calories per capita; fertility, mortality, morbidity, marriage rate all these demographic variables fall and rise in parallel with changes in nutritional conditions.

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