Chemical Investigations on Ergot Alkaloids

2015 ◽  
pp. 388-433
Author(s):  
Arthur Stoll
Keyword(s):  
Ergot Alkaloids

Performance of Tall Fescue Germplasms Bred for High- and Low-Ergot Alkaloids

Crop Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 518 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Hill ◽  
J. H. Bouton ◽  
F. N. Thompson ◽  
L. Hawkins ◽  
C. S. Hoveland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids

Non-cyclol (lactame) ergot alkaloids

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 3312-3317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Stuchlík ◽  
Alois Krajíček ◽  
Ladislav Cvak ◽  
Jiří Spáčil ◽  
Petr Sedmera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
C Nmr

Two new alkaloids were isolated from the field ergot. Their structures, N-(D-lysergyl-L-valyl)cyclo(L-valyl-D-prolyl) (IV) and N-(D-lysergyl-L-valyl)cyclo(L-leucyl-D-prolyl) (V), were assigned by mass, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Mortality of Potato Psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae) on Host Clippings Inoculated With Ergot Alkaloids

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 2079-2085
Author(s):  
Navneet Kaur ◽  
W Rodney Cooper ◽  
Jennifer M Duringer ◽  
Arash Rashed ◽  
Ismael E Badillo-Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Ipomoea Tricolor ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Host Tissues

Abstract Our previous study provided correlative evidence that morning glory species harboring endophytic fungi (Periglandula) are resistant to potato psyllid [Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc)], whereas species free of fungi often allowed psyllid development. In this study, we manipulated levels of ergot alkaloids in host tissues by inoculating clippings from potato plants with extracts from morning glories that harbor Periglandula [Ipomoea leptophylla Torrey, Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Grisebach, Ipomoea tricolor Cavanilles, Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G. F. Meyer, and Turbina corymbosa (L.)] and one species (Ipomoea alba L.) that does not harbor the endophyte. Ergot alkaloids (clavines, lysergic acid amides, and ergopeptines) were detected in potato clippings, thus confirming that leaves had taken up compounds from solutions of crude extracts. Psyllid mortality rates on inoculated clippings ranged between 53 and 93% in treatments producing biochemically detectable levels of alkaloids, when compared with 15% mortality in water controls or the alkaloid-free I. alba. We then tested synthetic analogs from each of the three alkaloid classes that had been detected in the crude extracts. Each compound was assayed by inoculating clippings of two host species (potato and tomato) at increasing concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 100 µg/ml in solution). Psyllids exhibited a large and significant increase in mortality rate beginning at the lowest two concentrations, indicating that even very small quantities of these chemicals led to mortality. Feeding by nymphs on artificial diets containing synthetic compounds resulted in 100% mortality within 48 h, irrespective of compound. Further testing of ergot alkaloids to characterize the mode of action that leads to psyllid mortality is warranted.

scholarly journals 111 Metsulfuron and variable nitrogen application rates on infected tall fescue: effects on stocker performance, forage yield, nutritive value, ergovaline concentration and botanical composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
Kevin R Meng ◽  
Eric Bailey ◽  
Josh Zeltwanger ◽  
Hannah Allen ◽  
Mikaela Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seed Head ◽  
Application Rates

Abstract Chemical seed-head suppression of endophyte infected tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) improves stocker cattle performance but may decrease forage yield. Spring nitrogen application increases tall fescue growth with a concomitant increase in ergot alkaloids, produced by the symbiotic endophyte Epichloë coenophiala. We hypothesized that greater amounts of nitrogen applied to tall fescue would increase forage yield and offset losses in forage production from chemical suppression of seed-heads with metsulfuron without effect on alkaloid concentration. Ninety-six steers (270 ± 20 kg) were randomly assigned to one of sixteen paddocks (1.8 ha) on April 18 and continuously grazed for 57 d. Paddocks were blocked by previous use (n = 4) and randomly assigned to one of four treatments; no metsulfuron, no nitrogen (NEGCON), metsulfuron with 0 (MET0), 67 (MET67), or 134 (MET134) kg/ha of ammonium nitrate, applied March 11. Steers grazing MET0 paddocks were removed 17 d early due to insufficient forage availability. Steer weight, forage yield, forage nutritive value and ergot alkaloids in forage samples were measured monthly. Seed-head frequency and species composition were determined in June. Metsulfuron application reduced (P < 0.01) tall fescue seed-heads by 80%. Metsulfuron decreased (P = 0.03) ergovaline but ergovaline increased (P < 0.01) at each monthly sampling across treatments. Nitrogen had no impact on ergovaline concentration (P = 0.50). Forage yield tended to be least (P = 0.07) for MET0, intermediate for NEGCON and MET67, and tended to be greatest for MET134 (P = 0.08). Steer ADG was not affected by treatment (P < 0.80). Metsulfuron decreased NDF (P=0.02) regardless of fertilization rate. Forage CP increased with fertilization (P < 0.01) and no differences were detected between NEGCON and MET0 (P = 0.45). Species composition was not impacted (P >0.07) by treatment. Metsulfuron decreased seed-head growth and ergovaline concentration in tall fescue. Additional nitrogen fertilizer ameliorated forage yield lost to metsulfuron application but did not impact steer gain.

scholarly journals Experiments towards the Synthesis of the Ergot Alkaloids and Related Structures. Part 7.1 Novel Syntheses of some 4-Acyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[f]quinolin-2-ones

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-95
Author(s):  
Mark A. E. Bowman ◽  
Ralph E. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Aqueous Sodium ◽  
Sodium Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Carbonate ◽  
Aqueous Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate

Reaction of the N-formyl enol-lactone 4 and the corresponding N-acetyl 10 and N-methoxycarbonyl 11 derivatives with bis(trimethylsilyl)potassiomalonate in THF at 60°C followed by treatment with aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate and cyclisation as above, yielded the 4-formyl-, 4-acetyl- and 4-methoxycarbonyl-tricyclic ketones 7, 13 and 14 in yields of 31, 35 and 36%, respectively.

scholarly journals THE ERGOT ALKALOIDS

1936 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-778
Author(s):  
Walter A. Jacobs ◽  
Lyman C. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Ergot Alkaloids

scholarly journals THE ERGOT ALKALOIDS

1938 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
Walter A. Jacobs ◽  
Lyman C. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Ergot Alkaloids
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