Stability (Storability) of Gelatin Plasma Substitute Solutions with Reference to Military Medical Use1

2015 ◽  
pp. 587-597
Author(s):  
F. Schaller ◽  
G. Roggen
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Substitute

EXUDATIVE ENTEROPATHY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-522
Author(s):  
ROBERT A. ULSTROM
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Plasma Substitute ◽  
Patient Reported

Loss of plasma protein into the gastrointestinal tract in the absence of actual bleeding has recently been demonstrated as a cause of "idiopathic hypoproteinemia." The euphonious name, "exudative enteropathy," has been used by Gordon to describe a group of nine patients, including a 2-year-old boy, whose common finding was hypoproteinemia due to loss of plasma protein into the gastrointestinal tract. A concomitant report by Schwartz and Jarnum confirms the association of these events in four additional patients. Although the first such patient reported had quantities of plasma protein present in the gastric juice sufficient to allow their demonstration by electrophoresis, the rapid digestion of the proteins by the enzymes normally present in the gastrointestinal tract has required the use of less direct methods in most of the subsequent cases. Using a preparation of I131-labelled polyvinyl pyrrolidone (a plasma substitute with average molecular weight the same as serum albumin) Gordon has devised a test that avoids the problems created by the gastrointestinal digestion of protein.

Red Cell Aggregation Induced by a High Molecular Weight Gelatin Plasma Substitute

1971 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Scholz ◽  
J. Engeset ◽  
N.A. Matheson ◽  
U.F. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Plasma Substitute ◽  
Red Cell Aggregation

Comparison of three plasma expanders used as priming fluids in cardiopulmonary bypass patients

Perfusion ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izaak Tigchelaar ◽  
Rolf CG Gallandat Huet ◽  
Piet W Boonstra ◽  
Willem van Oeveren
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Starch ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Human Albumin ◽  
Colloid Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Postoperative Phase ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Plasma Substitute

Ten per cent low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch is a plasma substitute only recently used as priming solution in an extracorporeal circuit, in contrast to human albumin and gelatin. To evaluate the effect of priming solutions on haemodynamics and colloid osmotic pressure, we studied 36 patients elected for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). They were randomly assigned to 2.5% hydroxyethyl starch, 3% gelatin or 4% human albumin priming solution. Total blood loss (perioperative + intensive care unit period) was higher in the gelatin group than in the albumin and hydroxyethyl starch groups. During CPB, the colloid osmotic pressure was best preserved in the gelatin group, although no excessively low colloid osmotic pressures were measured in the other two groups. Due to the extended half-life and the additional postoperative colloid administration, the hydroxyethyl starch group had a higher colloid osmotic pressure in the postoperative phase. We conclude that, next to human albumin, 2.5% hydroxyethyl starch is a safe CPB priming solution additive and is effective as plasma substitute. Its somewhat longer half-life requires adaptation of the routine protocol for transfusion of colloids and blood products.

scholarly journals Plasma replacement solutions in the intensive care unit of shock for acute spontaneous canine babesiosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (99) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
O. A. Dubova ◽  
D. V. Feshchenko ◽  
I. Yu. Goralska ◽  
A. A. Duboviy ◽  
O. A. Zghozinska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Shock Index ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Shock State ◽  
Plasma Substitutes ◽  
Plasma Substitute ◽  
Significant Deficit ◽  
Blood Elements

The article presents the results of studies on the study of secondary processes that develop during acute spontaneous babesiosis in dogs, as well as on the use of infusion therapy with plasma substitutes for the development of shock as a complication of the underlying disease. It is shown that acute blood parasitic disease is accompanied by the development of moderate subcompensated shock, which determines the state of unstable equilibrium and the tendency to avalanche-like disorders due to the transition of the process to the decompensated phase. The basis for the diagnosis of the shock state was the establishment of the following hemodynamic and hemorheological changes: hypovolemia with a decrease of all blood components (shaped elements and plasma components) in the circulation, a significant decrease in the specific volume of circulating blood, hematocrit value, a significant increase in spontaneous aggregation of shaped blood elements (platelets and red blood cells), hypotension, an increase in the Alghöver shock index by almost 2 times. There was a significant deficit in the volume of circulating blood (the degree of blood loss), which was about 30 %. It is shown that the presence of a state of shock in the subcompensation stage poses a threat to the life of the animal in the event of transition to the terminal stage. In order to stop the development of shock, infusion therapy was used with the most common plasma–substituting solutions – Rheopolyglucin and Rheosorbylact at a dose of 5 ml/kg of body weight intravenously drip per day for 3 days. A comparative assessment of the effect of drugs on the correction of major hemodynamic and hemorheological shifts was carried out. It was found that Rheopolyglucin as a colloidal plasma substitute has a better effect on the normalization of hemodynamic disorders – hypovolemia and hypotension, and Rheosorbylact as a crystalloid plasma substitute turned out to be the best disaggregant and reducing agent of hemorheological disorders. Both drugs provided a complete recovery of hemodynamic and hemorheological parameters in 72 hours. As a result, it is recommended to use a combination of drugs with the priority of Rheopolyglucin in the first hours of treatment and combine it with an infusion of Rheosorbylact in subsequent days.

The Introduction of Dextran as a Plasma Substitute

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Grönwall ◽  
Björn Ingelmann
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Substitute

Impaired Haemostasis by Intravenous Administration of a Gelatin-based Plasma Expander in Human Subjects

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (02) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Levi ◽  
F. Berends ◽  
A. E. van der Ende ◽  
J. W. ten Cate ◽  
C. P. Stoutenbeek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
Plasma Expander ◽  
Plasma Substitute ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Randomised Controlled

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a gelatin-based plasma expander on blood coagulation and haemostasis in human subjects.Six healthy men were studied in a randomised, controlled cross-over study to investigate the effects of a 60 min intravenous infusion of either 1 l gelatin-based plasma substitute (Gelofusine) or 0.9% NaCl (control). The infusion of gelatin resulted in a 1.7 fold increase in bleeding time at 60 min and a 1.4 fold increase at 120 min, while saline had no effect (p <0.05). Aggregation studies revealed a significant impairment of ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation (p <0.05), associated with a substantial decrease of vWF:ag (–32% vs. –5%, p <0.05) and ristocetin co-factor (–29% vs. +1%, p <0.05) and without in vitro impairment of the platelet glycoprotein 1b receptor. Gelatin caused a decrease in thrombin-antithrombin complexes (–45% vs. –4%, p <0.05) and F1+2 (–40% vs. +1%, p <0.05). The decrease in circulating levels of vWF:ag, vWF R:Co, thrombin-antithrombin complexes and F1+ 2 was more than could be expected by the calculated plasma-dilution generated by Gelofusine.Our results demonstrated that the administration of a gelatin-based plasma substitute results in a significant impairment of primary haemostasis and thrombin generation. The defect in primary haemostasis appears to be related to a gelatin-induced reduction in von Willebrand factor, whereas the decreased thrombin generation may be due to the dilution of coagulation factors induced by Gelofusine.

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