Nutritional Therapy for Critically Ill Patients

2015 ◽  
pp. 103-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Martindale ◽  
Malissa Warren ◽  
Sarah Diamond ◽  
Laszlo Kiraly
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Nutritional Therapy

scholarly journals Hypophosphatemia and risk of refeeding syndrome in critically ill patients before and after nutritional therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1241-1246
Author(s):  
Amanda Coelho Ribeiro ◽  
Diana Borges Dock-Nascimento ◽  
João Manoel Silva Jr. ◽  
Cervantes Caporossi ◽  
José Eduardo de Aguilar-Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Serum Phosphorus ◽  
Refeeding Syndrome ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Summary OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of hypophosphatemia as a marker of refeeding syndrome (RFS) before and after the start of nutritional therapy (NT) in critically ill patients. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study including 917 adult patients admitted at the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary hospital in Cuiabá-MT/Brasil. We assessed the frequency of hypophosphatemia (phosphorus <2.5mg/dl) as a risk marker for RFS. Serum phosphorus levels were measured and compared at admission (P1) and after the start of NT (P2). RESULTS: We observed a significant increase (36.3%) of hypophosphatemia and, consequently, a greater risk of RFS from P1 to P2 (25.6 vs 34.9%; p<0.001). After the start of NT, malnourished patients had a greater fall of serum phosphorus. Patients receiving NT had an approximately 1.5 times greater risk of developing RFS (OR= 1.44 95%CI 1.10-1,89; p= 0.01) when compared to those who received an oral diet. Parenteral nutrition was more associated with hypophosphatemia than either enteral nutrition (p=0,001) or parenteral nutrition supplemented with enteral nutrition (p=0,002). CONCLUSION: The frequency of critically ill patients with hypophosphatemia and at risk for RFS on admission is high and this risk increases after the start of NT, especially in malnourished patients and those receiving parenteral nutrition.

scholarly journals Nutritional Therapy in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. e1073
Author(s):  
Larissa Gens Guilherme
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
High Association ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Improve Clinical Outcome

Introduction: Combating the pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), better known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), in all countries of the world has been a challenge. Most patients can be treated in home isolation, however elderly patients and/or with associated comorbidities have been demonstrating more severe conditions of the disease, requiring hospitalization, or even nutritional therapy and mechanical ventilation. Objective: To review the current evidence to establish better nutritional recommendations for critically ill patients with COVID-19.Material and methods:This is a narrative review on nutritional therapy in critical patient with COVID-19. The scientific articles were searched in the databases U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed), as well as their respective terms in Portuguese and Spanish, and 40 articles were chosen, excluding the guidelines that were used to help better compose this article.Results: The main findings were that age and non-communicable diseases are considered risk factors for mortality, with systemic arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus being the main ones. These patients need special care, as well as constant assessment of nutritional status, since malnourished and obese patients have shown a high association with mortality and the use of mechanical ventilation. Nutritional therapy in the affected patients can improve clinical outcome and should be considered as first-line treatment and be more valued in the hospital setting. Although there is no recommendation for supplementation of vitamin C and D and the mineral zinc, these may bring benefits to the immune system of these patients and help in a better prognosis of COVID-19, however more studies are still needed to substantiate the dosage.Conclusions: Further studies are needed, but it is important to bring these themes already exposed by some authors to stimulate discussions that might lead to improvements in the standardization of nutritional approaches.

scholarly journals Nutritional therapy optimization in COVID-19 critically ill patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco G. Yanowsky-Escatell ◽  
Iván A. Osuna-Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Nutritional Therapy

Organisational measures improve nutritional therapy in long stayer critically ill patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
O. Pantet ◽  
M. Charrière ◽  
G. Bagnoud ◽  
D. Favre ◽  
A.G. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Nutritional Therapy

scholarly journals Nutritional Management of Critically Ill Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 002-005
Author(s):  
Sérgio dos Anjos Garnes ◽  
Fernanda Lasakosvitsch ◽  
Adriana Bottoni ◽  
Andrea Bottoni
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Nutritional Management

AbstractEarly nutritional therapy is essential to ensure the maintenance of adequate energy/protein intake for critically ill patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, this poses a major challenge when it comes to individuals on mechanical ventilation in prone position. Therefore, the present work presents a nutritional therapy flowchart developed for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection to guide nutritional management and ensure that energy/protein intake goals are met, thus favoring a positive clinical outcome.

scholarly journals Nutritional therapy and outcomes in underweight critically ill patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina V. Viana ◽  
Ana Laura Tavares ◽  
Luiza A. Gross ◽  
Tiago Antonio Tonietto ◽  
Vicente L. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Nutritional Therapy
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