Hippocampal Subfield Atrophy in Multi-Domain but Not Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Fredrik Eliassen ◽  
Per Selnes ◽  
Ina Selseth Almdahl ◽  
Ivar Reinvang ◽  
Tormod Fladby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Amnestic Mci ◽  
Cornu Ammonis ◽  
Amci Group

Background/Aims: To investigate differences in hippocampal (HP) subfields and the adjoining perirhinal and entorhinal cortices (PRC and ERC) between amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and multi-domain amnestic MCI (mdMCI) patients, and controls. Methods: Nineteen patients characterized as aMCI were compared with 24 mdMCI patients and 31 controls by means of an automatic HP segmentation procedure. Results: We found significant atrophy of the PRC and ERC in aMCI relative to controls, whereas a more pronounced pattern of atrophy in most subfields, including total HP volume, was found in the mdMCI group. The mdMCI group also had a significant cornu ammonis sector 4 region with dentate gyrus, subiculum and total HP atrophy relative to aMCI. Conclusion: The aMCI group showed atrophy in the PRC and ERC, whereas significantly more affection of the HP subfields was evident in mdMCI. The mdMCI group may thus represent clinical progression relative to aMCI coupled with HP subfield affection.

Elucidating the risk factors for progression from amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment to dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung-Ji Kim ◽  
Jae-Hong Lee ◽  
E-nae Cheong ◽  
Sung-Eun Chung ◽  
Sungyang Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Amnestic Mci

Background: Amyloid PET allows for the assessment of amyloid β status in the brain, distinguishing true Alzheimer’s disease from Alzheimer’s disease-mimicking conditions. Around 15–20% of patients with clinically probable Alzheimer’s disease have been found to have no significant Alzheimer’s pathology on amyloid PET. However, a limited number of studies had been conducted this subpopulation in terms of clinical progression. Objective: We investigated the risk factors that could affect the progression to dementia in patients with amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: This study was a single-institutional, retrospective cohort study of patients over the age of 50 with amyloidnegative amnestic MCI who visited the memory clinic of Asan Medical Center with a follow-up period of more than 36 months. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), detailed neuropsychological testing, and fluorine-18[F18]-florbetaben amyloid PET. Results: During the follow-up period, 39 of 107 patients progressed to dementia from amnestic MCI. In comparison with the stationary group, the progressed group had a more severe impairment in verbal and visual episodic memory function and hippocampal atrophy, which showed an Alzheimer’s disease-like pattern despite the lack of evidence for significant Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Voxel-based morphometric MRI analysis revealed that the progressed group had a reduced gray matter volume in the bilateral cerebellar cortices, right temporal cortex, and bilateral insular cortices. Conclusion: Considering the lack of evidence of amyloid pathology, clinical progression of these subpopulation may be caused by other neuropathologies such as TDP-43, abnormal tau or alpha synuclein that lead to neurodegeneration independent of amyloid-driven pathway. Further prospective studies incorporating biomarkers of Alzheimer’s diseasemimicking dementia are warranted.

scholarly journals Semantic knowledge for famous names in mild cognitive impairment

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL SEIDENBERG ◽  
LESLIE GUIDOTTI ◽  
KRISTY A. NIELSON ◽  
JOHN L. WOODARD ◽  
SALLY DURGERIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Person Identification ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Amnestic Mci ◽  
Amci Group ◽  
Stored Information

AbstractPerson identification represents a unique category of semantic knowledge that is commonly impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but has received relatively little investigation in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The current study examined the retrieval of semantic knowledge for famous names from three time epochs (recent, remote, and enduring) in two participant groups: 23 amnestic MCI (aMCI) patients and 23 healthy elderly controls. The aMCI group was less accurate and produced less semantic knowledge than controls for famous names. Names from the enduring period were recognized faster than both recent and remote names in both groups, and remote names were recognized more quickly than recent names. Episodic memory performance was correlated with greater semantic knowledge particularly for recent names. We suggest that the anterograde memory deficits in the aMCI group interferes with learning of recent famous names and as a result produces difficulties with updating and integrating new semantic information with previously stored information. The implications of these findings for characterizing semantic memory deficits in MCI are discussed. (JINS, 2009, 15, 9–18.)

scholarly journals Sex differences in cortisol and memory following acute social stress in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly J. Murphy ◽  
Travis E. Hodges ◽  
Paul A.S. Sheppard ◽  
Angela K. Troyer ◽  
Elizabeth Hampson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amci Group ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveOlder adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) develop Alzheimer’s type dementia approximately ten times faster annually than the normal population. Adrenal hormones are associated with aging and cognition. We investigated the relationship between acute stress, cortisol, and memory function in aMCI with an exploratory analysis of sex.MethodSalivary cortisol was sampled diurnally and during two test sessions, one session with the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), to explore differences in the relationship between cortisol and memory function in age-normal cognition (NA) and aMCI. Participants with aMCI (n=6 women, 9 men; mean age=75) or similarly aged NA (n=9 women, 7 men, mean age=75) were given tests of episodic, associative, and spatial working memory with a psychosocial stressor (TSST) in the second session.ResultsThe aMCI group performed worse on the memory tests than NA as expected, and males with aMCI had elevated cortisol levels on test days. Immediate episodic memory was enhanced by social stress in NA but not in the aMCI group, indicating that stress-induced alterations in memory are different in individuals with aMCI. High cortisol was associated with impaired performance on episodic memory in aMCI males only. Cortisol in Session 1 moderated the relationship with spatial working memory, whereby higher cortisol was associated with worse performance in NA, but better spatial working memory in aMCI. In addition, effects of aMCI on perceived anxiety in response to stress exposure were moderated by stress-induced cortisol in a sex-specific manner.ConclusionsWe show effects of aMCI on Test Session cortisol levels and effects on perceived anxiety, and stress-induced impairments in memory in males with aMCI in our exploratory sample. Future studies should explore sex as a biological variable as our findings suggests that effects at the confluence of aMCI and stress can be obfuscated without sex as a consideration.

The reduced left hippocampal volume related to the delayed P300 latency in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Gao ◽  
Lihua Gu ◽  
Hao Shu ◽  
Jiu Chen ◽  
Jianli Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Amci Group ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is characterized by delayed P300 latency and reduced grey matter (GM) volume, respectively. The relationship between the features in aMCI is unclear. This study was to investigate the relationship between the altered P300 latency and the GM volume in aMCI. Methods Thirty-four aMCI and 34 well-matched normal controls (NC) were studied using electroencephalogram during a visual oddball task and scanned with MRI. Both tests were finished in the same day. Results As compared with the NC group, the aMCI group exhibited delayed P300 latency in parietal cortex and reduced GM volumes in bilateral temporal pole and left hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus. A remarkable negative correlation was found between delayed P300 latency and reduced left hippocampal volume only in the aMCI group. Interestingly, the mediating analysis found P300 latency significantly mediated the association between right supramarginal gyrus volume and information processing speed indicated by Stroop Color and Word Test A scores. Conclusions The association between delayed P300 latency and reduced left hippocampal volume in aMCI subjects suggests that reduced left hippocampal volume may be the potential structural basis of delayed P300 latency.

scholarly journals High-resolution structural and functional MRI of hippocampal CA3 and dentate gyrus in patients with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

NeuroImage ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1242-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Yassa ◽  
Shauna M. Stark ◽  
Arnold Bakker ◽  
Marilyn S. Albert ◽  
Michela Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hippocampal Ca3

scholarly journals Memory specificity training can improve working and prospective memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golita Emsaki ◽  
Hamid Taher NeshatDoost ◽  
Mahgol Tavakoli ◽  
Majid Barekatain
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Memory Specificity ◽  
Amnestic Mci

ABSTRACT Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is one of the cognitive profiles of aging. OBJECTIVE: In this study, Memory Specificity Training (MEST) was used as cognitive training in patients with amnestic MCI to understand the effectiveness of the intervention on memory dimensions. METHODS: Twenty patients that met the criteria for amnestic MCI were selected and randomly assigned to experimental (n=10) or control (n=10) groups. The experimental group received five sessions of training on memory specificity while the participants in the control group took part in two general placebo sessions. Participants were assessed before, immediately after, and three months after, the treatment using the Autobiographical Memory Test, the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire, the Wechsler Memory Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Results from both post-test and follow-up treatment indicated that MEST improves working and prospective memory (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings support the effectiveness of MEST for MCI patients as a viable cognitive intervention. Also, the findings have implications for the role of brain plasticity in the effectiveness of this intervention.

scholarly journals Better Identification of Cognitive Decline With Interleukin-2 Than With Amyloid and Tau Protein Biomarkers in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Sung Liang ◽  
Chia-Lin Tsai ◽  
Guan-Yu Lin ◽  
Jiunn-Tay Lee ◽  
Yu-Kai Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Amci Group ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Discriminatory Capacity

The rate of cognitive decline among patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) varies, and it is thus crucial to accurately predict the probability of cognitive deterioration in patients with MCI. We compared the potential of cytokines with amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau biomarkers for predicting cognitive decline in patients with aMCI or Alzheimer’s disease (AD). All participants (controls, aMCI, and AD patients) underwent plasma biomarker examinations for Aβ1–40, Aβ1–42, total tau (t-tau), tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 [p-Tau181]), and 29 cytokines and baseline cognitive tests, including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The correlation between biomarker levels and annual MMSE change during the follow-up was examined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine whether the statistically significant plasma biomarkers could identify cognitive decline. Higher baseline levels of IL-2, sCD40L, IL-8, and VEGF were associated with a lower annual cognitive decline in the aMCI group, and higher baseline levels of Aβ1–40, IFNγ, IL-5, IL-17A, IL-25, and FGF were associated with a rapid annual cognitive decline in the AD group. IL-2 had a high discriminatory capacity for identifying cognitive decline, with an area under curve (AUC) of 85.7% in the aMCI group, and the AUC was slightly increased when combining IL-2 with Aβ or tau biomarkers. However, none of the biomarkers had a satisfactory discriminatory capacity in the AD group. IL-2 may have a better discriminatory capacity for identifying cognitive decline than Aβ and tau biomarkers in patients with aMCI.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document