scholarly journals A Direct Performance Test for Assessing Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Mild Degenerative Dementia: The Development of the ETAM and Preliminary Results

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Schmiedeberg-Sohn ◽  
Elmar Graessel ◽  
Katharina Luttenberger
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Time Required

Background: There are currently only a few performance tests that assess the capacity to perform activities of daily living. These measures frequently require a long time to administer, are strongly cognition oriented, or have not been adequately validated. Methods: The Erlangen Test of Activities of Daily Living in Mild Dementia (ETAM) was developed in a 4-phase process that was based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). A pilot study was conducted on 30 subjects with mild dementia with a mean age of 80 years. The subjects' mean score on the MMSE was 21.5. Twenty-one of the 30 subjects were women. Results: Ten items were developed and tested in the pilot study. The mean time required to complete the test was 26 min. The item analysis showed difficulties that ranged primarily from r = 0.28 to r = 0.79. The ETAM had a moderate correlation with the MMSE (rMMSE = 0.310) and a low correlation with the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15; rGDS-15 = 0.149). Conclusion: The preliminary version of the ETAM is quick and easy to use and has predominantly satisfactory item characteristics. There still is the need to revise the items ‘giving directions' and ‘making tea' with regard to standardisation.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and disability in acute patients with comorbidities in departments of internal medicine

2012 ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
Salvatore La Carrubba ◽  
Loredana Manna ◽  
Carmelina Rinollo ◽  
Antonino Mazzone ◽  
Gualberto Gussoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Acute Patients

Introduction: There are few data on the prevalence of depression among acute patients with comorbidities. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in hospitalized patients admitted to Internal Medicine Units and the correlation between these symptoms and comorbidities and disability indexes. Materials and methods: All consecutive patients admitted to 26 Internal Medicine Units of the Italian National Public Health System in Sicily, Italy, from September 2001 to March 2002 were screened. Within 24 hours of admission, patients were administered the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Mini-Mental State Examination, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and Charlson’s Comorbidity Index. Results: 1,947 subjects were included in the analyses. Of the patients, 509 (26.1%) showed depressive symptoms (indicated by GDS score > 15). Depression was significantly associated (univariate analyses) with hypertension (OR 1.45; CI 95% 1.18-1.79), diabetes (OR 1.48, CI 95% 1.17-1.87), cerebrovascular disease (OR 1.50, CI 95% 1.08-2.07), cirrhosis (OR 1.49, CI 95% 1.01- 2.19), ADL score (OR 0.72: CI 95% 0.63-0.82), and IADL score (OR 0.83; CI 95% 0.78-0.87), but not with Charlson’s Comorbidity Index (OR 1.04; CI 95% 0.98-1.10). Multivariate analysis showed that independent predictive factors for depression were age (OR 1.02, CI 95% 1.01-1.02), female gender (OR 2.29, CI 95% 1.83 - 2.87), and IADL score (OR 0.86, CI 95% 0.81 - 0.93). Conclusions: The data suggest that depressive symptoms are not linked to worse clinical conditions but are associated with the loss of autonomy in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living.

scholarly journals Variation in Functional Independence among Stroke Survivors Having Fatigue and Depression

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umaru Muhammad Badaru ◽  
Omoyemi Olubunmi Ogwumike ◽  
Ade Fatai Adeniyi ◽  
Olajide Olubanji Olowe
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Objective. This study evaluated variation in functional independence in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among individuals with poststroke fatigue (PSF) and poststroke depression (PSD).Methods. A cross-sectional survey involved 65 consenting poststroke survivors who were purposively recruited from physiotherapy clinics of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ibadan, and Federal Medical Center, Gusau. Participants were assessed for symptoms of PSD with short geriatric depression scale-15, PSF with fatigue severity scale, ADL with Barthel Index and IADL with Nottingham extended ADL scale. Data analysis was done using Chi-square and unpairedt-test with significance level being 0.05.Results. Participants’ age ranged from 58 to 80 years. PSD alone (P=0.002) and both PSF and PSD (P=0.02) were significantly associated with ADL, while PSF alone was not (P=0.233). PSD alone (P=0.001) and both PSF and PSD (P=0.001) significantly negatively affected IADL, while PSF alone had no significant effect (P=0.2).Conclusions. Participants with PSD alone and those with both PSF and PSD had lower functional independence in ADL and IADL.

The Office Assessment of Depression and Cognitive Impairment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Steinberg ◽  
Paul B. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Atypical Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Patient Health

Changes in mood and/or cognition are common complaints in the elderly population. This chapter uses case studies to illustrate insights to make clinical assessment more efficient. These include assessing for cognitive impairment when depression is present and vice versa, being mindful of assuming that patients reporting cognitive difficulties are “worried well,” avoiding overreaction to very mild symptoms, assessing the four key cortical cognitive domains (amnesia, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia), assessing for subcortical dysfunction, assessing Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), and understanding that depression in the elderly often presents with atypical symptoms. Brief cognitive instruments which can improve assessment include the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and the Mini Cog. Brief depression instruments include the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDSS), and Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD).

Bahasa Indonesia PENGARUH TINGKAT DEPRESI TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING (ADL) PADA LANSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
W Ibowo
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Katz Index ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Proses penuaan yang dialami lansia tidak hanya berhubungan pada segi kehidupan tetapi juga akan diikuti dengan kemunduran fisik dan mental. Gangguan mental yang sering dijumpai pada lansia adalah kecemasan dan depresi serta gangguan faal tubuh. Tingkat depresi itu sendiri berbeda-beda pada setiap lansia. Saat memasuki usia tua, para lansia memiliki perubahan struktur otak yang menyebabkan kemunduran kualitas hidup yang berimplikasi pada kemandirian dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari atau ADL (Activities of Daily Living). Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian deskriptif korelasi dengan desain penelitian cross sectional yang bertujuan untuk melihat  hubungantingkat depresi  lansia terhadap tingkat kemandirian lansia dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan Activity Daily Living (ADL). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para lansia yang datang ke posyandu,tehnik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 76 responden  dengan menggunakan alat ukur Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) dan KATZ Index. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji statistik non parametrik, yaitu uji Korelasi Rank Spearmen menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 20 for nilai signifikansi atau Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,413. Karena nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,413 > 0,05 level (2-tailed) maka artinya tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat depresi dengan tingkat kemandirian pada lansia.   Kata Kunci: Depresi, Activities of Daily Living, Lansia

scholarly journals Effects of Depression, Dementia and Delirium on Activities of Daily Living in Elderly Patients after Discharge

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Fu Weng ◽  
Kun-Pei Lin ◽  
Feng-Ping Lu ◽  
Jen-Hau Chen ◽  
Chiung-Jung Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Confusion Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The three geriatric conditions, depression, dementia and delirium (3D’s), are common among hospitalized older patients and often lead to impairments of activities of daily living. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of depression, dementia and delirium on activities of daily living (ADLs) during and after hospitalization. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted between 2012 and 2013 in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan. Patients aged 65 years and older admitted to the geriatric ward were invited to this study. Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form, Mini-Mental State and Confusion Assessment Method were used to identify patients with depression, dementia and delirium on admission, respectively. Barthel Index (BI) was used to evaluate patients’ functional status on admission, at discharge, 30-day, 90-day and 180-day after discharge. Generalized Estimating Equation was used to calculate the associations between 3 D’s and BI. Results One-hundred-and-forty-nine patients were included in this study. Twenty-seven patients (18.1%) had depression, 37 (24.8%) had dementia, and 85 (57.0%) had delirium. There were significant lower BI scores in patients with dementia and delirium compared with those without up to 180 days after discharge, but no difference was seen in the depression group. In general, patients had delirium or dementia had worsening functional status, even though significant magnitude of improvements on BI scores after discharge. Conclusions Depression does not affect patients’ ADLs. On the other hand, dementia and delirium can persistently limit patients’ physical function. Future care should focus more on dementia and delirium to restore function.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Dementia Among Older Patients: A Hospital-Based Study in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 500-506
Author(s):  
Leila Kamalzadeh ◽  
Moein Moghaddamnia ◽  
Seyed Kazem Malakouti ◽  
Vahid Rashedi ◽  
Sara Bahrampour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

Background: Dementia constitutes a public health hazard in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dementia and its associated factors in older hospitalized patients. Methods: The participants of this cross-sectional study consisted of older patients admitted to medical wards in Rasoul-e Akram hospital in Tehran, Iran. Mini-Mental State Examination, Mini-Cog test, Geriatric Depression Scale, Activities of Daily Living-Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (ADL-IADL) scale, and socioeconomic questionnaires were used. Results: A total of 205 elderly inpatients were included. The mean age was 71.33 ± 7.35 years; 63.4% of the participants had normal cognitive function, while 36.6% had some degree of cognitive impairment. There was a statistically significant relationship between gender, age, number of children, and occupation and the prevalence of dementia. Conclusion: Appropriate cognitive screening of older patients upon admission to hospitals could help identify potential adverse events and enhance the quality of care for patients with comorbid dementia.

scholarly journals Elderly who take care of elderly: a study on the Frailty Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 822-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariene Angelini dos Santos-Orlandi ◽  
Tábatta Renata Pereira de Brito ◽  
Ana Carolina Ottaviani ◽  
Estefani Serafim Rossetti ◽  
Marisa Silvana Zazzetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Elderly Caregivers

ABSTRACT Objective: Identifying prevalence of frailty in elderly caregivers inserted in a high social vulnerability context and its correlation with sociodemographic and health aspects. Method: Descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study. Forty elderly caregivers were evaluated with: questionnaire for caregiver characterization, Mini Mental State Examination, Katz Index, Lawton instrumental activities of daily living scale, Geriatric Depression Scale and the frailty phenotype proposed by Fried. Interviews were conducted at their residences and scheduled in advance. All ethical precautions were observed. Data were analyzed with the Stata statistical program version 11.0. Results: 10% of elderly caregivers were frail. There was a significant correlation between frailty and sex, instrumental activities of daily living and cognition. Conclusion: Female caregivers, partially dependent individuals regarding instrumental activities of daily living and with worse cognitive state deserve a special attention from health services.

scholarly journals Association Between Walking Speed and Urinary Incontinence in the Older Women. Which Patients Should be Referred to Geriatricians?

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Volkan Atmis ◽  
Basak Guler
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
State Evaluation

<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> Primary end-point of this study was to detect if there is an association between walking speed and urinary incontinence in older women and secondarily to detect an association between urinary incontinence with other geriatric syndromes.</p><p><strong>STUDY DESIGN:</strong> This is a prospective and cross-sectional study. Three hundred and eighty-nine old aged women admitted to the Geriatrics Department of Ankara University were enrolled and urinary incontinence and type of urinary incontinence, Handgrip strength test, Timed up and Go test, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, Lawton Index of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Mini-Mental State Evaluation, Geriatric Depression Scale, Body Mass Index (BMI) of these participants were recorded. Association of urinary incontinence and these parameters were analyzed. </p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The median age of the study population was 68 (58-86 years of age). Two hundred and fifty-eight (66.32%) had hypertension, 122 (31.36%) had diabetes mellitus, 51 (13.11%) had asthma/Chronic obstructive lung disease, 49 (12.59%) had coronary artery disease and 9 (2.31%) had cerebrovascular disease. One hundred and seventy-eight (45.7%) patients had urinary incontinence (88 urge, 55 stress, 35 mixed). One hundred and eight (27.76%) of patients had Mini-Mental State Evaluation score ≤23. Patients with urinary incontinence detected to have a longer duration of Timed Up and Go test, higher Geriatric Depression Scale score and BMI with p-values 0.005, 0.004, and &lt;0.01 respectively; and lower Activities of Daily Living (Katz-Activities of Daily Living) score with a p-value of &lt;0.01 results. Mini-Mental State Evaluation and Mini Nutritional Assessment scores were not statistically different between the continent and incontinent group.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Whenever urinary incontinence is detected in an older woman, geriatrician referral should be considered since urinary incontinence is associated with decreased walking speed, Handgrip strength test, Activities of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living or increased Geriatric Depression Scale; any of which is a symptom or result of at least one geriatric syndrome.</p>

scholarly journals Cognition, functionality and depression indicative among elderly

Rev Rene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Winnie Andaki Nunes ◽  
Flavia Aparecida Dias ◽  
Janaína Santos Nascimento ◽  
Nayara Cândida Gomes ◽  
Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

to describe the socioeconomic characteristics of the elderly according to cognitive status, and, to associate the cognitive decline with functional disability and depression indicative among the elderly. Methods: this is a quantitative, retrospective and observational study with 92 elderly. The used instruments were: Mini Examination of Mental State; Katz Index; Lawton and Brody Scale and Abbreviated Geriatric Depression Scale. Statistical analysis and chi-square test (p<0.05) were used. Results: elderly with a cognitive decline for females were predominant, 80 years and older, widowed and living with children, with one to three years of study, individual income up to a minimum wage. The proportion of elderly with a dependent cognitive decline in basic activities of daily living (p=0.043) and instrumental activities of daily living (p=0.008) was higher than independent. There were no significant differences in the depression indicative (p=0.437). Conclusion: the proportion of dependent elderly was higher in those with cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Frailty and depression predict instrumental activities of daily living in older adults: A population-based longitudinal study using the CARE75+ cohort

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243972
Author(s):  
Peter A. Coventry ◽  
Dean McMillan ◽  
Andrew Clegg ◽  
Lesley Brown ◽  
Christina van der Feltz-Cornelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Objectives To evaluate if depression contributes, independently and/or in interaction with frailty, to loss of independence in instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with frailty. Methods Longitudinal cohort study of people aged ≥75 years living in the community. We used multi-level linear regression model to quantify the relationship between depression (≥5 Geriatric Depression Scale) and frailty (electronic frailty index), and instrumental activities of daily living (Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living scale; range: 0–66; higher score implies greater independence). The model was adjusted for known confounders (age; gender; ethnicity; education; living situation; medical comorbidity). Results 553 participants were included at baseline; 53% were female with a mean age of 81 (5.0 SD) years. Depression and frailty (moderate and severe levels) were independently associated with reduced instrumental activities of daily living scores. In the adjusted analysis, the regression coefficient was -6.4 (95% CI: -8.3 to -4.5, p<0.05) for depression, -1.5 (95% CI: -3.8 to 0.9, p = 0.22) for mild frailty, -6.1 (95% CI: -8.6 to -3.6, p<0.05) for moderate frailty, and -10.1 (95% CI: -13.5 to -6.8, p<0.05) for severe frailty. Moreover, depression interacted with frailty to further reduce instrumental activities of daily living score in individuals with mild or moderate frailty. These relationships remained significant after adjusting for confounders. Conclusion Frailty and depression are independently associated with reduced independence in instrumental activities of daily living. Also, depression interacts with frailty to further reduce independence for mild to moderately frail individuals, suggesting that clinical management of frailty should integrate physical and mental health care.

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