Genetic Diversity of the Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) in South-Central Madagascar

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara A. Clarke ◽  
Olivia Gray ◽  
Lisa Gould ◽  
Andrew S. Burrell
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Lemur Catta ◽  
South Central

scholarly journals Social and environmental factors in the diversity of tomato landraces from the South-Central region of Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda del Rocio Moreno-Ramírez ◽  
Aurelio Hernández-Bautista ◽  
Porfirio Ramírez-Vallejo ◽  
Fernando Castillo-Gónzalez ◽  
Mario Rocandio-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
The South ◽  
Traditional Farming ◽  
South Central ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Group

ABSTRACT: In the present study, we investigated the influence of social and environmental factors in the genetic diversity of tomato landraces in the South-Central region of Mexico. A total of 30 tomato landraces, collected in 18 villages with different ethnolinguistic affiliations, were analyzed. We reported that the genetic diversity of tomato landraces is associated with the ethnolinguistic group, weather, and soil-type present in the region studied. Our results showed that there are morphological differences between landraces grown by different ethnolinguistic groups; however, there was also evidence of morphological similarities between landraces from groups with different ethnolinguistic affiliations. Finally, different selection criteria, mainly fruit color, size and shape, plays an important role in the phenotypic divergence among landraces grown in different traditional farming systems.

scholarly journals Diversity and effective population size of four horse breeds from microsatellite DNA markers in South-Central Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
José Fernando Vázquez-Armijo ◽  
Gaspar Manuel Parra-Bracamonte ◽  
Miguel Abraham Velazquez ◽  
Ana María Sifuentes-Rincón ◽  
José Luis Tinoco-Jaramillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genetic Integrity ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
South Central ◽  
Microsatellite Dna Markers ◽  
Quarter Horse ◽  
Population Sizes

Abstract. The South-Central region of Mexico has experienced a sizeable introduction of purebred horses for recreational aims. A study was designed to assess effective population sizes and genetic diversity and to verify the genetic integrity of four horse breeds. Using a 12-microsatellite panel, Quarter Horse, Azteca, Thoroughbred and Creole (CRL) horses were sampled and analysed for diversity and genetic structure. Genetic diversity parameters showed high numbers of heterozygous horses but small effective population sizes in all breeds. Population structure results suggested some degree of admixture of CRL with the other reference breeds. The highly informative microsatellite panel allowed the verification of diversity in introduced horse populations and the confirmation of small effective population sizes, which suggests a risk for future breed integrity.

Seasonal patterns of male affiliation in ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) in diverse habitats across southern Madagascar

Behaviour ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (7) ◽  
pp. 935-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise N. Gabriel ◽  
Lisa Gould ◽  
Elizabeth A. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Lemur Catta ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Annual Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
South Central ◽  
Rocky Outcrop ◽  
Seasonally Breeding

We examined the mechanisms guiding male affiliative relationships among ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) to investigate the adaptive significance of male social bonds in a female dominant, strictly seasonally breeding strepsirhine primate. To test whether male affiliative relationships were driven by reproductive and/or ecological conditions, we compared the frequency of male affiliation across the annual reproductive cycle in populations of L. catta inhabiting three habitat types found within its geographic range: (1) gallery forest at Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve in southwestern Madagascar; (2) spiny bush at Cap Sainte-Marie (CSM) in southern Madagascar; and (3) rocky-outcrop forest fragments at Anja Reserve and the Tsaranoro Valley in Madagascar’s south-central highlands. Each study period spanned the gestation, lactation/migration, post-migration, and mating periods. Inter-male affiliation rates varied across reproductive periods at each of the four sites, with the highest frequencies being observed during the gestation and lactation/migration periods and the lowest frequencies occurring during the mating period. In contrast, we found no clear patterns in male–female affiliation rates with respect to reproductive period. Comparing the Beza Mahafaly and CSM populations, rates of inter-male affiliation were higher at CSM during the gestation and lactation/migration periods, and rates male–female affiliation were higher at CSM across all seasons except the post-migration period. We suggest that inter-male affiliative relationships in L. catta may provide beneficial social interactions (i.e., grooming, ectoparasite control, predator protection, vigilance against extra-group male agonism) when females are unavailable, particularly during male dispersal, as well as under harsh climatic conditions characteristic of some L. catta habitats.

scholarly journals 671 Genetic Diversity in Actinidia and Conservation Strategy

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 514C-514
Author(s):  
Hongwen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
South Central ◽  
Original Distribution ◽  
High Level

The genus Actinidia contains more than 66 species and 118 taxa. The best-known species is A. deliciosa C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson, the commercially developed kiwifruit. The natural range of Actinidia is remarkably wide, extending from the tropics (latitude 0°0′) to cold temperate regions (500°N). However, the original distribution of most taxa of Actinidia is centered around the mountains and hills of south-central and southeast China, with the QinLing mountain as its northern boundary and the HengDuan mountain as its western boundary. Sixty-two species, 114 taxa have been found in China. Genetic variation ranging from morphological traits to DNA is discussed in here. 1) Morphological variation (mainly horticulturally important traits): fruit size varies from 2 to 100 g, fruit skin color ranges from brown to green to white to purple, fruit surface from setose to villose, and flesh color from green to purple. 2) Nutritional value and flavor: vitamin C content varies from 10 mg/100 g to 1000 mg/100 g fresh fruit, soluble solids ranges from 2% to 22%, and flavor includes variation form bitter and astringent to desirable sour-sweet. 3) Gender variation includes six phenotype/genotypes of female, inconstant female, male, fruiting male, neuter and hermaphrodite. 4) Ploidy variation is consist of 2x, 4x, 6x, 8x in both intra- and inter-taxa variation. 5) Isozyme genetic variation: high polymorphisms were detected in commercial cultivated species and 28 wild species. 6) Genetic diversity was evaluated by RAPD, SSR, PCR-RFLP of mtDNA and cpDNA, a high level of genetic diversity was found in both inter-taxa and intra-taxa. Conservation strategy for diverse genetic resources of Actinidia in China is also discussed.

Genetic diversity and offspring fitness in the red and white fruit color morphs of the wild strawberry Fragaria pentaphylla

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Lu-Xi Chen ◽  
Su-Ting Xu ◽  
Wei-Hang Ding ◽  
Jun-Min Li ◽  
Peter Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Central China ◽  
South Central ◽  
Color Morphs ◽  
Surface Wax ◽  
Wild Strawberry

Abstract Aims Fruit color polymorphisms are widespread in plants, but what maintains them is largely unclear. One hypothesis is that some morphs are preferred by dispersers while others have higher pre- or postdispersal fitness. This leads to the prediction that fruit color morphs will differ in pre- or postdispersal fitness. Methods We compared genetic and clonal diversity, mating system, morphological traits that might be associated with resistance to freezing, and germination, survival and seed production of progeny of the red and white fruit morphs in a population of a diploid, wild strawberry, Fragaria pentaphylla, from south-central China. Important Findings The red morph was much more abundant than the white but did not show higher genetic diversity as measured by observed and effective numbers of alleles, Shannon information index, or expected or observed heterozygosities. AMOVA showed that most of the genetic variation in the population was within rather than between morphs. Morphs did not differ in mating system parameters, and no significant biparental inbreeding was found in either morph. Gene flow between two morphs was high (Nm = 6.89). Seeds of the red morph germinated about 2 days earlier and had a 40% higher rate of germination than those of the white morph, but survival of seedlings and seed production by surviving offspring did not differ between morphs. The whole postdispersal fitness of the red morph was about two times higher than that of the white morph. Red morphs had hairier petioles but not more surface wax on leaves. Overall, results showed partial evidence for difference in pre- and postdispersal fitness between fruit color morphs in F. pentaphylla. Differences in fitness independent of dispersal may thus partially account for fruit color polymorphism in all cases.

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