Temporal Kinetics of Marek's Disease Herpesvirus: Integration Occurs Early after Infection in Both B and T Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmaine M. Robinson ◽  
Hans H. Cheng ◽  
Mary E. Delany
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Marek's Disease Herpesvirus ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Depletion of CD8αβ+ T Cells in Chickens Demonstrates Their Involvement in Protective Immunity towards Marek’s Disease with Respect to Tumor Incidence and Vaccinal Protection

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Supawadee Umthong ◽  
John R. Dunn ◽  
Hans H. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response

Marek’s disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease in chickens caused by Marek’s disease virus (MDV), a highly oncogenic alphaherpesvirus. Since 1970, MD has been controlled through widespread vaccination of commercial flocks. However, repeated and unpredictable MD outbreaks continue to occur in vaccinated flocks, indicating the need for a better understanding of MDV pathogenesis to guide improved or alternative control measures. As MDV is an intracellular pathogen that infects and transforms CD4+ T cells, the host cell-mediated immune response is considered to be vital for controlling MDV replication and tumor formation. In this study, we addressed the role of CD8+ T cells in vaccinal protection by widely-used monovalent (SB-1 and HVT) and bivalent (SB-1+HVT) MD vaccines. We established a method to deplete CD8+ T cells in chickens and found that their depletion through injection of anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) increased tumor induction and MD pathology, and reduced vaccinal protection to MD, which supports the important role of CD8+ T cells for both MD and vaccinal protection.

scholarly journals Replication kinetics of Marek's disease vaccine virus in feathers and lymphoid tissues using PCR and virus isolation

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 2989-2998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Baigent ◽  
Lorraine P. Smith ◽  
Richard J. W. Currie ◽  
Venugopal K. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Virus Isolation ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Avirulent Strain ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Virus Load ◽  
Kinetics Of

CVI988 (Rispens), an avirulent strain of Marek's disease virus, is the most widely used vaccine against Marek's disease. The kinetics of replication of CVI988 was examined in tissues of chickens vaccinated at either 1 day or 14 days of age and sampled regularly up to 28 days post-vaccination. Age at vaccination had no significant effect on the kinetics of CVI988 virus replication. During the cytolytic phase of infection (1–7 days), virus levels peaked in the spleen, bursa and thymus with very close correlation among these organs. Virus load in peripheral blood lagged behind and did not reach high levels. Significant numbers of virus genomes were detected in the feather tips only after 7 days, but subsequently rose to levels almost 103-fold greater than in the other tissues. This is the first accurate quantitative data for kinetics of CVI988 replication in a variety of tissues. There was good correlation between data from virus isolation and PCR, with real-time PCR being the preferred method for rapid, accurate and sensitive quantification of virus. Feathers were ideal for non-invasive sampling to detect and measure CVI988 in live chickens and, from 10 days onwards, virus load in feather tips was predictive of virus load in lymphoid tissues where immune responses will occur. The potential for real-time PCR analysis of feather samples for further investigation of the mechanism of vaccinal protection, and to assist optimization of vaccination regimes, is discussed.

Detecting Marek's Disease Herpesvirus: Evaluation of Biological Systems

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Espeseth ◽  
John A. Newman ◽  
Frank M. Hetrick
Keyword(s):  
Biological Systems ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Marek's Disease Herpesvirus

Kinetics of the appearance of Marek's disease virus DNA and antigens in the feathers of chickens

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Malkinson ◽  
I. Davidson ◽  
C. strenger ◽  
Y. Weisman ◽  
T. Maray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease Virus ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease Virus ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Kinetics Of
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