Competing Risk Model in Screening for Preeclampsia by Mean Arterial Pressure and Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index at 30-33 Weeks' Gestation

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Tayyar ◽  
Santiago Garcia-Tizon Larroca ◽  
Leona C. Poon ◽  
David Wright ◽  
Kypros H. Nicolaides
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Competing Risk Model

scholarly journals Mini-combined test compared with NICE guidelines for early risk-assessment for pre-eclampsia: the SPREE diagnostic accuracy study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-156
Author(s):  
Liona C Poon ◽  
David Wright ◽  
Steve Thornton ◽  
Ranjit Akolekar ◽  
Peter Brocklehurst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Competing Risk Model ◽  
Combined Test ◽  
Positive Rate

Background The traditional method of risk assessment for pre-eclampsia recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence is based on maternal factors and it recommends that high-risk women should be treated with aspirin. An alternative method of screening is based on the competing risk model, which uses Bayes’ theorem to combine maternal factors with mean arterial pressure, the uterine artery pulsatility index, serum placental growth factor and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A at 11–13 weeks’ gestation. Objective The primary aim was to compare the performance of screening by risks obtained using the competing risk model with risk assessment using the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines. Design This was a prospective multicentre observational study. Setting The setting was seven NHS maternity hospitals in England. Participants Participants were women with singleton pregnancy attending for a routine hospital visit at 11+0–13+6 weeks’ gestation between April and December 2016. Main outcome measures The performance of screening for pre-eclampsia by the competing risk model was compared with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence method. Relative reductions in risk with aspirin prophylaxis of 30% and 60% were assumed for all pre-eclampsia and preterm pre-eclampsia, respectively. The primary comparison was the detection rate of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence method with the detection rate of a mini-combined test (including maternal factors, mean arterial pressure and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A) in the prediction of all pre-eclampsia for the same screen-positive rate determined by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence method. Results In 473 (2.8%) of the 16,747 pregnancies there was development of pre-eclampsia, including 142 (0.8%) women with preterm pre-eclampsia. The screen-positive rate by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence method was 10.3%. For all pre-eclampsia, the false-positive and detection rates by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence method were 9.7% and 31.6%, respectively. For preterm pre-eclampsia, the false-positive and detection rates were 10.0% and 42.8%, respectively. Compliance with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommendation that high-risk women should be treated with aspirin from the first trimester was 23%. For the same screen-positive rate, the detection rate of the mini-combined test for all pre-eclampsia was 42.8%, which was superior to that of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence method by 11.2% (95% confidence interval 6.9% to 15.6%). The increase in detection for the same screen-positive rate was accompanied by a reduction in false-positive rate of 0.3%. For the same screen-positive rate as National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, the detection rate for preterm pre-eclampsia by combining maternal factors, mean arterial pressure and placental growth factor was 67.3% compared with 44.1% with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence method. With the addition of the uterine artery pulsatility index, the detection rate was 78.6%. This was higher than that of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence method by 35.5% (95% confidence interval 25.2% to 45.8%). Calibration of risks for pre-eclampsia was generally good, with the calibration slope very close to 1.0. The feasibility of incorporating a new biomarker was demonstrated. However, the addition of inhibin A to the full combined test did not improve the detection rates for all pre-eclampsia and preterm pre-eclampsia (61% and 80%, respectively). The same screening model for preterm pre-eclampsia by a combination of maternal factors, mean arterial pressure, the uterine artery pulsatility index and placental growth factor achieved detection rates of 45.8% and 56.3%, respectively, for preterm small for gestational age and early small for gestational age neonates. Limitation The study did not include a health economic assessment. Conclusion The findings suggest that performance of screening for pre-eclampsia provided by a combination of maternal factors and biomarkers is superior to that achieved by current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines. Future work Future work is required to identify potential biomarkers for further improvement of the competing risk model and to carry out a health economic assessment. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN83611527. Funding This project was funded by the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation programme, a Medical Research Council and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) partnership. This will be published in full in Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation; Vol. 7, No. 8. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

scholarly journals The Use of Biochemical and Biophysical Markers in Early Screening for Preeclampsia in Mongolia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Urjindelger Tserensambuu ◽  
Ariunbold Chuluun-Erdene ◽  
Munkhtsetseg Janlav ◽  
Erkhembaatar Tudevdorj
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
The Mean

Preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. In Mongolia, preeclampsia and eclampsia have occurred among pregnancy complications at a rate of 25% in recent years. Recent studies in the literature have screened for preeclampsia by combining maternal factors with biomarkers. This study was conducted using prospective cohort research including 393 singleton pregnancies at 11–13+6 weeks. Maternal plasmas pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and maternal serum placental growth factor (PlGF) were measured using Perkin Elmer time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (DELFIA) kits, and the measurement of mean arterial pressure (MAP) was performed by automated devices and the uterine artery pulsatility index was measured by Doppler ultrasound. In the study population, there were 16.7% showing complicated preeclampsia. The receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis showed a sensitivity of 71.21%, and a specificity of 75.54% when the mean arterial pressure cut-off was 89.5 mm; while a sensitivity of 33.36% and specificity of 77.68% were observed when the uterine artery mean pulsatility index (mPI) cut-off was 2.34; a sensitivity of 79.66% and specificity of 44.04% were observed when the PAPP-A cut-off was 529.1 mU/L; and a sensitivity of 74.58% and specificity of 46.6% were observed when the PlGF cut-off was 39.87 pg/mL. The detection rates following the combination of markers with the maternal history were as follows: 62.7% with mean arterial pressure, 69.5–82.9% with two markers 86.5% with three markers and 91.4% with four markers. In conclusion, the mean arterial pressure was highly sensitive and demonstrated its easy usage and cost-effectiveness as a predictive marker for the early screening of preeclampsia from other biomarkers.

Прогнозирование рождения маловесного для гестационного возраста ребенка: оценка эффективности алгоритма Фонда медицины плода (Fetal Medicine Foundation) в первом триместре беременности

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-32
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Protein A ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
First Trimester Screening ◽  
Fetal Medicine ◽  
Trimester Screening

Цель исследования - оценка эффективности прогнозирования рождения маловесного для гестационного возраста (МГВ) ребенка по скрининговому алгоритму Фонда медицины плода (Fetal Medicine Foundation). В амбулаторных условиях в 2015-2017 гг. было безвыборочно обследовано 2 500 пациенток в сроках беременности от 11+1 до 13+6 нед. Критериями включения были одноплодная беременность и живой плод в полости матки на момент проведения исследования. Критерии исключения - многоплодная беременность, врожденные пороки развития и хромосомные аномалии плода. Расчет индивидуального риска рождения недоношенного МГВ ребенка осуществлялся с учетом материнских клинико-эпидемиологических характеристик, среднего артериального давления, пульсационного индекса в маточных артериях, РАРР-А в сыворотке крови матери с использованием программного комплекса (ПК) Astraia Software (version 2.8, 3.0) (Германия). Основным изучаемым исходом была масса новорожденного менее 10-го процентиля значений для данного гестационного возраста. 447 случаев были исключены из анализа по причине отсутствия информации об исходах беременности (n = 265), наличия врожденных пороков развития и хромосомных аномалий плода (n = 159), самопроизвольного прерывания беременности до 22 нед (n = 23). В итоговый анализ было включено 2 053 пациентки. 137 (6,7%) новорожденных имели массу менее 10-го процентиля, включая 37 (1,8%) недоношенных, рожденных до 37 нед беременности, и 100 (4,9%) доношенных при родах в сроке ≥37 нед. Для прогнозирования рождения недоношенного МГВ ребенка качество модели скрининга оценивалось как хорошее с AUC 0,836 (95%-й доверительный интервал (ДИ) - 0,819-0,852) (P 0,001). Оптимальный порог отсечки для определения риска рождения недоношенного МГВ ребенка для российской популяции соответствовал значению ≤ 1 : 162, обеспечивая выявление более 83,8% подобных случаев при 23,1%-й фракции ложно-положительных результатов. Для прогнозирования рождения МГВ ребенка в доношенный срок качество модели скрининга не достигло приемлемого - AUC 0,650 (95%-й ДИ - 0,633-0,675). Хорошая эффективность прогнозирования рождения недоношенного МГВ ребенка позволяет относить пациенток с положительными результатами скрининга в группу высокого риска с выработкой индивидуального алгоритма динамического наблюдения за состоянием плода. Ключевые слова: комбинированный скрининг первого триместра беременности, маловесный для гестационного возраста, ассоциированный с беременностью протеин А (РАРР-А), пульсационный индекс в маточных артериях, среднее артериальное давление, combined first-trimester screening, small-for-gestational age, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), uterine artery pulsatility index, mean arterial pressure

First trimester markers of preeclampsia in twins: maternal mean arterial pressure and uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 956-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Svirsky ◽  
S. Yagel ◽  
I. Ben-Ami ◽  
H. Cuckle ◽  
E. Klug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Uterine Artery Doppler

Expanded renal transplantation: a competing risk model approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2539-2553
Author(s):  
Pablo Martínez-Camblor ◽  
Jacobo de Uña-Álvarez ◽  
Carmen Díaz Corte
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Competing Risk Model ◽  
Model Approach

Abstract P146: Comparative Effectiveness Of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Atrial Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirin Ardeshirrouhanifard ◽  
Huijun An ◽  
Ravi Goyal ◽  
Mukaila Raji ◽  
Caleb Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Systemic Embolism ◽  
Competing Risk Model

Objective: Post-hoc analysis of three pivotal clinical trials suggests no difference in risk of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism among cancer patients with atrial fibrillation treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) vs. warfarin. However, these studies were underpowered and also do not reflect the context of real-world use. We compared the effectiveness of DOACs versus warfarin for the risk of stroke or systemic embolism and all-cause death in patients with NVAF. Methods: We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data from 2009 to 2016 and included patients aged ≥66 years diagnosed with cancer (breast, bladder, colorectal, esophagus, lung, ovary, kidney, pancreas, prostate, stomach or uterus) and NVAF. We limited the cohort to patients who newly initiated warfarin or DOACs (from 2010 to 2016) with no history of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism. The primary outcome was hospitalization due to ischemic stroke or systemic embolism and the secondary outcome was all-cause death. We used Fine and Gray’s competing risk model, while treating death as a competing risk, to determine the association of oral anticoagulants with the incidence of stroke or systemic embolism. We also adjusted the analysis using inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW). Additionally, an IPTW-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model was constructed for all-cause death. Results: Of 1,028,784 patients with cancer, 158,744 (15.4%) were diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. After applying all inclusion criteria, the final study cohort included 7,334 cancer patients diagnosed with incident NVAF who newly initiated warfarin or DOACs, of which 3,194 (43.6%) used warfarin and 4,140 (56.4%) used DOACs. The unadjusted rate of stroke or systemic embolism was similar among warfarin and DOACs users (1.20 vs. 1.32 cases per 100 person-years, p=0.27). In the IPTW weighted competing risk model, the use of DOACs was not associated with an increased risk of stroke or systemic embolism compared with warfarin users (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.41, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.90-2.20). However, DOACs users had a significantly lower risk of all-cause death compared with warfarin users (HR 0.82, CI 0.74-0.91). Conclusion: Among cancer patients diagnosed with NVAF, DOACs had a similar risk for stroke or systemic embolism compared to warfarin, although DOAC use was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality.

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