Arterial Stiffness and Endothelial Function in Obese Children and Adolescents and Its Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Joo Turoni ◽  
Rodrigo O. Marañón ◽  
Verónica Felipe ◽  
María Elisa Bruno ◽  
Alejandro Negrete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Obese Children

scholarly journals Assessment and management of severely obese children and adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 1161-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Wright ◽  
Jerry Wales
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
The Uk

Approximately 3% of children and adolescents in the UK have severe obesity. The incidence of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hyperinsulinism and hyperlipidaemia approaches 20% in such individuals. Lifestyle intervention programmes and pharmacotherapy are effective in some individuals, but the relapse rate is high. In exceptional cases, bariatric surgery is effective. This review outlines the scale of the problem, highlights those at risk and discusses referral, current services, appropriate screening and therapeutic interventions.

P1083 CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS AMONG OBESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS. THE GALINUT STUDY

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S468-S469 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Leis ◽  
R. Leis ◽  
A. A. Martinez ◽  
A. A. Novo ◽  
H. H. Villar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Obese Children

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Children and Adolescents

2015 ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Rumińska ◽  
Anna Majcher ◽  
Beata Pyrżak ◽  
Aneta Czerwonogrodzka-Senczyna ◽  
Michał Brzewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Obese Children

scholarly journals Impact of cardiovascular risk factors in vascular remodelling of pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A F Ferreira ◽  
M J Azevedo ◽  
A P Machado ◽  
F A Saraiva ◽  
B Sampaio Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
First Trimester

Abstract Introduction Pregnancy is a physiological condition of hemodynamic overload, characterized by a progressive reduction of peripheral vascular resistance, which normalizes postpartum. Purpose To characterize arterial stiffness and endothelial function during pregnancy and postpartum and to investigate the impact of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. The secondary aim was to explore the potential association between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and risk for preeclampsia. Methods Prospective cohort study including volunteer pregnant women (healthy, obese and/or hypertensive) recruited in a tertiary centre between 2019 and 2020, at their 1st or 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Women were evaluated at the first trimester [10–15 weeks, baseline], third trimester [30–35 weeks, peak of CV remodelling] of pregnancy as well as at the 1st month and 6th month after delivery (CV reverse remodelling stages). The evaluation included clinical characterization through questionnaires as well as arterial stiffness and endothelial assessment by PWV and EndoPAT, respectively. Kruskal-Wallis H test and Friedman test were used as appropriate to between and within groups comparisons. Bonferroni correction was applied. Spearman correlation was performed to determine the relationship between PWV and risk for preeclampsia. Results We included 34 pregnant women with a median age of 34 [26; 41]years, 50% being hypertensive and/or obese. Arterial stiffness decreased significantly from the 1st to the 3rd trimester (6.3 [5.3 to 7.8] cm/s vs 5.6 [4.9 to 7.3] cm/s, p<0.001), normalizing only at the 6th months (5.6 [4.9 to 7.3] cm/s vs 6.3 [5.5 to 8.3] cm/s, p=0.001). A significant deterioration of endothelial function became evident from 1st to 3rd trimester (logarithm of reactive hyperemia index [lnRHI]: 0.74 [0.05 to 1.20] vs 0.45 [0.22 to 0.79], p=0.020). However, its slight amelioration begun only 6 months after delivery (3rd trimester: lnRHI 0.45 [0.22 to 0.79] vs 6 months at postpartum: lnRHI 0.53 [0.10 to 1.01], p>0.99). Compared to the healthy pregnant women, the CV risk factors group showed a higher pulse wave velocity only at the peak of CV remodelling (5.6 [5.3 to 7.3] cm/s vs 5.6 [4.9 to 7.2] cm/s, p=0.016), without any other differences in other parameters of time points evaluated. Pulse wave velocity at the first trimester revealed a positive association with risk for preeclampsia (r=0.485, p=0.026). Conclusion Our cohort presented a significant decrease in vascular resistance during pregnancy and normalization at the 6th month after delivery. Pregnant women with cardiovascular risk factors showed an increased arterial stiffness in the 3rd trimester compared to healthy pregnant women. Pulse wave velocity correlated positively with the risk for preeclampsia. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Universidade do Porto/FMUP and FSE-Fundo Social Europeu; FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology

Arterial function in youth: window into cardiovascular risk

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Fernhall ◽  
Stamatis Agiovlasitis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Arterial Function ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Atherosclerotic Process

Noninvasive measures of arterial function, such as intima-media thickness (IMT), endothelial function, and arterial stiffness are associated with and are prognostic of cardiovascular events in adults. Postmortem evidence, however, has established that the atherosclerotic process starts in childhood. Furthermore, cardiovascular morbidities in childhood disrupt arterial health and may lead to adverse outcomes in adulthood. Thus it is important to examine the developmental changes in IMT, endothelial function, and arterial stiffness in healthy youth in contrast to the arterial health profile of youth with cardiovascular morbidities and to examine the effect of lifestyle interventions. In healthy youth, IMT may increase slightly, arterial stiffness increases, but there is no change in endothelial function from 5 to 20 years of age. In youth with cardiovascular risk factors there are larger increases in IMT and arterial stiffness, and reductions in endothelial function compared with healthy youth. The reduced arterial function in youth with cardiovascular risk factors may be related to the atherosclerotic process. Exercise and physical activity appear to exert a protective effect on arterial function, and exercise training can improve arterial function in children with cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, although diet alone can improve arterial function in children, the combination of exercise and diet appears to be more effective than either intervention alone. Future studies need to focus on the mechanism by which exercise and diet improve arterial function, the most effective types of diet and exercise, and if intervening in childhood leads to favorable outcomes in adulthood.

scholarly journals Association between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular risk factors in obese children and adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Gul ◽  
Samet Ozer ◽  
Resul Yılmaz ◽  
Ergun Sonmezgoz ◽  
Tuba Kasap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

scholarly journals Homocysteine and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight or Obese Children and Adolescents

Health ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
Adriana Amorim de Farias Leal ◽  
Mônica Oliveira da Silva Simões ◽  
Alessandra Teixeira ◽  
Carla Campos Muniz Medeiros ◽  
Ástrid Camêlo Palmeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Obese Children
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