Biochemical Analysis and Decomposition Products of Indocyanine Green in Relation to Solvents, Dye Concentrations and Laser Exposure

2013 ◽  
Vol 230 (s2) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando M. Penha ◽  
Eduardo B. Rodrigues ◽  
Mauricio Maia ◽  
Carsten H. Meyer ◽  
Elaine de Paula Fiod Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Laser Exposure ◽  
Decomposition Products

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Optical and Heat Generation Properties of IR820 and Indocyanine Green

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 7290.2011.00031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Fernandez-Fernandez ◽  
Romila Manchanda ◽  
Tingjun Lei ◽  
Denny A. Carvajal ◽  
Yuan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Cyanine Dye ◽  
Laser Exposure ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Thermal Generation ◽  
Significant Difference

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores are the focus of extensive research for combined molecular imaging and hyperthermia. In this study, we showed that the cyanine dye IR820 has optical and thermal generation properties similar to those of indocyanine green (ICG) but with improved in vitro and in vivo stability. The fluorescent emission of IR820 has a lower quantum yield than ICG but less dependence of the emission peak location on concentration. IR820 demonstrated degradation half-times approximately double those of ICG under all temperature and light conditions in aqueous solution. In hyperthermia applications, IR820 generated lower peak temperatures than ICG (4–9%) after 3-minute laser exposure. However, there was no significant difference in hyperthermia cytotoxicity, with both dyes causing significant cell growth inhibition at concentrations ≥ 5 μM. Fluorescent images of cells with 10 μM IR820 were similar to ICG images. In rats, IR820 resulted in a significantly more intense fluorescence signal and significantly higher organ dye content than for ICG 24 hours after intravenous dye administration ( p < .05). Our study shows that IR820 is a feasible agent in experimental models of imaging and hyperthermia and could be an alternative to ICG when greater stability, longer image collection times, or more predictable peak locations are desirable.

scholarly journals Laser-initiated decomposition products of indocyanine green (ICG) and carbon black sensitized biological tissues

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Kokosa ◽  
Andrzej Przyjazny ◽  
Kenneth E. Bartels ◽  
Massoud Motamedi ◽  
Donald J. Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Decomposition Products

Chronic Laser Exposure Effects on Rabbit Retina

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Burton B. Silver ◽  
Theodore Lawwill
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Argon Laser ◽  
Atropine Sulfate ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Laser Exposure ◽  
Rabbit Retina ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Threshold Doses

Dutch-belted 1 to 2.5 kg anesthetized rabbits were exposed to either xenon or argon laser light administered in a broad band, designed to cover large areas of the retina. For laser exposure, the pupil was dilated with atropine sulfate 1% and pheny lephrine 10%. All of the laser generated power was within a band centered at 5145.0 Anstroms. Established threshold for 4 hour exposures to laser irradiation are in the order of 25-35 microwatts/cm2. Animals examined for ultrastructural changes received 4 hour threshold doses. These animals exhibited ERG, opthalmascopic, and histological changes consistent with threshold damage.One month following exposure the rabbits were killed with pentobarbitol. The eyes were immediately enucleated and dissected while bathed in 3% phosphate buffered gluteraldehyde.

Mitochondria in Cardiomyopathy: Alterations in Size, Number and Internal Structures

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
George Hug ◽  
William K. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Left Ventricular Outflow ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Myocardial Fibers ◽  
Muscle Biopsies ◽  
Needle Liver Biopsy

A white boy six months of age was hospitalized with respiratory distress and congestive heart failure. Control of the heart failure was achieved but marked cardiomegaly, moderate hepatomegaly, and minimal muscular weakness persisted.At birth a chest x-ray had been taken because of rapid breathing and jaundice and showed the heart to be of normal size. Clinical studies included: EKG which showed biventricular hypertrophy, needle liver biopsy which showed toxic hepatitis, and cardiac catheterization which showed no obstruction to left ventricular outflow. Liver and muscle biopsies revealed no biochemical or histological evidence of type II glycogexiosis (Pompe's disease). At thoracotomy, 14 milligrams of left ventricular muscle were removed. Total phosphorylase activity in the biopsy specimen was normal by biochemical analysis as was the degree of phosphorylase activation. By light microscopy, vacuoles and fine granules were seen in practically all myocardial fibers. The fibers were not hypertrophic. The endocardium was not thickened excluding endocardial fibroelastosis. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of idiopathic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy was made.

3H-galactose and 3H-glucose incorporation into newly synthesized hepatic glycogen in control-fed rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 292-293
Author(s):  
J.E. Michaels ◽  
S.A. Garfield ◽  
J.T. Hung ◽  
S.S. Smith ◽  
R.R. Cardell
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Tail Vein ◽  
Tracer Dose ◽  
Glucose Incorporation ◽  
Wet Weight

3H-galactose (gal) and 3H-glucose (glu) were compared to determine which compound was preferable for pulse labeling newly formed hepatic glycogen. Control fed rats were used to achieve substantial and consistent levels of hepatic glycogen and to stimulate glycogen synthesis.Rats fed once daily for 4 hr achieved hepatic glycogen levels > 3% wet weight liver prior to injection by tail vein of a tracer dose of 3H-gal or 3H-glu. The rats were sacrificed 15-120 min later and liver was prepared by routine techniques for light (LM) and electron microscopic (EM) radioautography (RAG) and biochemical analysis.

Fading of the diaminobenzidine reaction product in the confocal scanning laser microscope

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 146-147
Author(s):  
JS Deitch ◽  
KL Smith ◽  
JW Swann ◽  
JN Turner
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Laser Exposure ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope ◽  
Fluorescent Markers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Staining Protocol ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser

Neurons labeled with horseradish peroxidase and reacted with diaminobenzidine (DAB) can be imaged using a confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM) in the reflection mode. In contrast to fluorescent markers, the DAB reaction product is thought to be stable and can be observed by both light and electron microscopy. We have investigated the sensitivity of the DAB reaction product to laser irradiation, and present the spectrophotometric properties of DAB before and after exposure in the CSLM.Pyramidal neurons in slices of rat hippocampus were injected with biocytin (a biotin-lysine complex), fixed overnight in 4% paraformaldehyde, and vibratome sectioned at 75 μm. Biocytin was detected with avidin-HRP (1:200) in 0.5% Triton X-100, incubated in DAB (0.5 mg/ml) with or without 0.04% nickel ammonium sulfate (Ni), dehydrated, and imaged in a Bio Rad MRC-500 CSLM with an argon ion laser (488 and 514 nm). Spectrophotometric measurements of the soma were made on a Zeiss microspectrophotometer, as a function of laser exposure (100-1000 scans) and staining protocol.

Stabilizing pyritic material

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 244-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Wolberg
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Iron Sulfides ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Iron Minerals ◽  
Pyrite Formation ◽  
Organic Sediments ◽  
Freshwater Environments

The minerals pyrite and marcasite (broadly termed pyritic minerals) are iron sulfides that are common if not ubiquitous in sedimentary rocks, especially in association with organic materials (Berner, 1970). In most marine sedimentary associations, pyrite and marcasite are associated with organic sediments rich in dissolved sulfate and iron minerals. Because of the rapid consumption of sulfate in freshwater environments, however, pyrite formation is more restricted in nonmarine sediments (Berner, 1983). The origin of the sulfur in nonmarine environments must lie within pre-existing rocks or volcanic detritus; a relatively small, but significant contribution may derive from plant and animal decomposition products.

Enhanced type I photoreaction of indocyanine green via electrostatic-force-driven aggregation

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 9517-9523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huizhen Fan ◽  
Yu Fan ◽  
Wenna Du ◽  
Rui Cai ◽  
Xinshuang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Electrostatic Force ◽  
Type I ◽  
Positively Charged

ICG forms aggregates in positively charged mesoporous silica, which show an enhanced type I photoreaction pathway.

Initial experience with a new quantitative assessment tool for fluorescent imaging in peripheral artery disease

VASA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Christian Rieß ◽  
Anna Duprée ◽  
Christian-Alexander Behrendt ◽  
Tilo Kölbel ◽  
Eike Sebastian Debus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Peripheral Bypass ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Green Fluorescent ◽  
Peripheral Bypass Grafting

Abstract. Background: Perioperative evaluation in peripheral artery disease (PAD) by common vascular diagnostic tools is limited by open wounds, medial calcinosis or an altered collateral supply of the foot. Indocyanine green fluorescent imaging (ICG-FI) has recently been introduced as an alternative tool, but so far a standardized quantitative assessment of tissue perfusion in vascular surgery has not been performed for this purpose. The aim of this feasibility study was to investigate a new software for quantitative assessment of tissue perfusion in patients with PAD using indocyanine green fluorescent imaging (ICG-FI) before and after peripheral bypass grafting. Patients and methods: Indocyanine green fluorescent imaging was performed in seven patients using the SPY Elite system before and after peripheral bypass grafting for PAD (Rutherford III-VI). Visual and quantitative evaluation of tissue perfusion was assessed in an area of low perfusion (ALP) and high perfusion (AHP), each by three independent investigators. Data assessment was performed offline using a specially customized software package (Institute for Laser Technology, University Ulm, GmbH). Slope of fluorescent intensity (SFI) was measured as time-intensity curves. Values were compared to ankle-brachial index (ABI), slope of oscillation (SOO), and time to peak (TTP) obtained from photoplethysmography (PPG). Results: All measurements before and after surgery were successfully performed, showing that ABI, TTP, and SOO increased significantly compared to preoperative values, all being statistically significant (P < 0.05), except for TTP (p = 0.061). Further, SFI increased significantly in both ALP and AHP (P < 0.05) and correlated considerably with ABI, TTP, and SOO (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In addition to ABI and slope of oscillation (SOO), the ICG-FI technique allows visual assessment in combination with quantitative assessment of tissue perfusion in patients with PAD. Ratios related to different perfusion patterns and SFI seem to be useful tools to reduce factors disturbing ICG-FI measurements.

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