Des-Acyl Ghrelin: A Metabolically Active Peptide

2013 ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patric J. Delhanty ◽  
Sebastian J. Neggers ◽  
Aart J. van der Lely
Keyword(s):  
Active Peptide ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin

Dissociable hormonal responses to symptoms and stress in anorexia and bulimia nervosa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L Westwater ◽  
Flavia Mancini ◽  
Jane Shapleske ◽  
Jaco Serfontein ◽  
Monique Ernst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cortisol Reactivity ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Study Session ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are complex psychiatric conditions, in which both psychological and metabolic factors have been implicated. Critically, the experience of stress can precipitate loss-of-control eating in both conditions, suggesting an interplay between mental state and metabolic signaling. However, associations between psychological states, symptoms and metabolic processes in AN and BN have not been examined. Methods: Eighty-five women (n=22 AN binge/purge subtype, n=33 BN, n=30 controls) underwent remote salivary cortisol sampling and a two-day, inpatient study session to examine the effect of stress on cortisol, gut hormones (acyl-ghrelin, PYY, GLP-1) and food consumption. Participants were randomized to either an acute stress induction or control task on each day, and plasma hormones were serially measured before a naturalistic, ad libitum meal.Results: Cortisol awakening response (CAR) was augmented in AN but not BN relative to controls, with body mass index explaining the most variance in CAR (36%). Acute stress increased acyl-ghrelin and PYY in AN compared to controls; however, stress did not alter gut hormone profiles in BN. Instead, a group-by-stress interaction showed nominally reduced cortisol reactivity in BN, but not AN, compared to controls. Ad libitum consumption was lower in both patient groups and unaffected by stress.Conclusions: Findings extend previous reports of metabolic dysfunction in binge-eating disorders, identifying unique associations across disorders and under stress. Moreover, we observed disrupted homeostatic signaling in AN following psychological stress, which may explain, in part, the maintenance of dysregulated eating in this serious illness.

scholarly journals Plasma Level of Des-Acyl Ghrelin Predicts Digestive Symptoms in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. xi122-xi123
Author(s):  
T. Miura ◽  
S. Mitsunaga ◽  
N. Matsumoto ◽  
M. Nakazato ◽  
I. Ohno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin

Central and peripheral des-acyl ghrelin regulates body temperature in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 430 (1) ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Inoue ◽  
Keiko Nakahara ◽  
Keisuke Maruyama ◽  
Yoshiharu Suzuki ◽  
Yujiro Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin

scholarly journals Metabolic Benefit of Chronic Caloric Restriction and Activation of Hypothalamic AGRP/NPY Neurons in Male Mice Is Independent of Ghrelin

Endocrinology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 1430-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole H. Rogers ◽  
Heidi Walsh ◽  
Oscar Alvarez-Garcia ◽  
Seongjoon Park ◽  
Bruce Gaylinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Metabolic Flexibility ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Ambulatory Activity ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor ◽  
Liver Gene ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin

Abstract Aging is associated with attenuated ghrelin signaling. During aging, chronic caloric restriction (CR) produces health benefits accompanied by enhanced ghrelin production. Ghrelin receptor (GH secretagogue receptor 1a) agonists administered to aging rodents and humans restore the young adult phenotype; therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the metabolic benefits of CR are mediated by endogenous ghrelin. Three month-old male mice lacking ghrelin (Ghrelin−/−) or ghrelin receptor (Ghsr−/−), and their wild-type (WT) littermates were randomly assigned to 2 groups: ad libitum (AL) fed and CR, where 40% food restriction was introduced gradually to allow Ghrelin−/− and Ghsr−/− mice to metabolically adapt and avoid severe hypoglycemia. Twelve months later, plasma ghrelin, metabolic parameters, ambulatory activity, hypothalamic and liver gene expression, as well as body composition were measured. CR increased plasma ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin concentrations in WT and Ghsr−/− mice. CR of WT, Ghsr−/−, and Ghrelin−/− mice markedly improved metabolic flexibility, enhanced ambulatory activity, and reduced adiposity. Inactivation of Ghrelin or Ghsr had no effect on AL food intake or food anticipatory behavior. In contrast to the widely held belief that endogenous ghrelin regulates food intake, CR increased expression of hypothalamic Agrp and Npy, with reduced expression of Pomc across genotypes. In the AL context, ablation of ghrelin signaling markedly inhibited liver steatosis, which correlated with reduced Pparγ expression and enhanced Irs2 expression. Although CR and administration of GH secretagogue receptor 1a agonists both benefit the aging phenotype, we conclude the benefits of chronic CR are a consequence of enhanced metabolic flexibility independent of endogenous ghrelin or des-acyl ghrelin signaling.

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