Factor Structure of the Geriatric Depression Scale and Relationships with Cognition and Function in Alzheimer’s Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 360-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney N. Havins ◽  
Paul J. Massman ◽  
Rachelle Doody
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Awareness of the COVID-19 Outbreak and Resultant Depressive Tendencies in Patients with Severe Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-541
Author(s):  
Akito Tsugawa ◽  
Shu Sakurai ◽  
Yuta Inagawa ◽  
Daisuke Hirose ◽  
Yoshitsugu Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Current Events

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has substantially affected patients with dementia and their caregivers. However, we found not all Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients were afraid of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, we investigated the association between rate of awareness of COVID-19 and depressive tendency in AD. 126 consecutive outpatients with AD were enrolled in this study from May 25, on the day when the declaration of emergency was lifted in Japan, through June 30, 2020. In addition to routine psychological tests, the participants were asked the following two questions: “Do you know COVID-19?” and “Why are you wearing a face mask?”. Moderate to severe AD patients were found to have a low COVID-19 recognition rate and did not fully understand why they were wearing face masks. In addition, because they did not understand the seriousness of the COVID-19 outbreak, their Geriatric Depression Scale scores were also substantially lower. These results may appear to simply indicate that people with severe dementia are unaware of current events. However, these results provide insights into how to care for patients with dementia and how to allocate the time and support of our limited staff during the COVID-19 outbreak.

scholarly journals Emotional Comparison Between Semantic Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Qianhua Zhao ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Zhen Hong ◽  
Qihao Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Semantic Dementia ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Normal Individuals

Background: Previous studies have suggested that Alzheimer's disease (AD) and semantic dementia (SD) are both associated with emotional processing impairment. However, the degree and type of emotional symptoms between the two types of dementia have not been previously compared.Method: We used the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) to examine apathy, empathy, depression and anxiety, respectively.Results: Between mild AD and mild SD, moderate-to-severe AD and moderate-to-severe SD, the total scores of TEQ are significantly different, but the total scores of GDS, SAS and AES have no significant differences. In addition, normal individuals, AD and SD patients got the similar scores in SAS and GDS.Conclusions: Empathy emotion in SD patients is more severe than that in AD patients. However, apathy, depression and anxiety emotion is similar between the two groups.

Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure of the Geriatric Depression Scale in Turkish Elderly: Are There Different Factor Structures for Different Cultures?

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turan Ertan ◽  
Engin Eker
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Positive Form

The purpose of this study was to examine the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) translated into Turkish for its reliability, discriminant validity, and factor structure in a sample of 276 community-dwelling elderly and 30 patients with major depression. One item (Item 5) was discovered to have conceptual difficulty for Turkish elderly and was transformed to negative form. Item 2 was transformed to positive form to keep the number of positive and negative items equal to that in the original GDS. A reasonable time stability with 1-week interval (r:.74) and a high level of internal consistency (α = .91) were observed. Student's t test resulted in a significant discriminant validity for the scale total score. Factor study with principal component analysis and varimax rotation gave rise to a structure with seven factors. Results of the same analysis with two factors were found to be easier to interpret. The first factor was composed of 19 items reflecting “depressive affect and thought content.” The other 11 items representing “decrease in motivation and cognitive functions” loaded in the second factor. In conclusion, the Turkish GDS was found to have reasonable time reliability, high internal consistency, and discriminant validity for Turkish elderly. Its two-factor structure can be used as an informative instrument for epidemiological studies, reflecting two main dimensions of depression in the elderly.

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