scholarly journals Effect of Cognitive and Aerobic Training Intervention on Older Adults with Mild or No Cognitive Impairment: A Derivative Study of the Nakajima Project

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Sugano ◽  
Masami Yokogawa ◽  
Sohshi Yuki ◽  
Chiaki Dohmoto ◽  
Mitsuhiro Yoshita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Training Intervention

Neurocognitive Plasticity Is Associated with Cardiorespiratory Fitness Following Physical Exercise in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Galit Yogev-Seligmann ◽  
Tamir Eisenstein ◽  
Elissa Ash ◽  
Nir Giladi ◽  
Haggai Sharon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Memory Encoding

Background: Aerobic training has been shown to promote structural and functional neurocognitive plasticity in cognitively intact older adults. However, little is known about the neuroplastic potential of aerobic exercise in individuals at risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia. Objective: We aimed to explore the effect of aerobic exercise intervention and cardiorespiratory fitness improvement on brain and cognitive functions in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: 27 participants with aMCI were randomized to either aerobic training (n = 13) or balance and toning (BAT) control group (n = 14) for a 16-week intervention. Pre- and post-assessments included functional MRI experiments of brain activation during associative memory encoding and neural synchronization during complex information processing, cognitive evaluation using neuropsychological tests, and cardiorespiratory fitness assessment. Results: The aerobic group demonstrated increased frontal activity during memory encoding and increased neural synchronization in higher-order cognitive regions such as the frontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) following the intervention. In contrast, the BAT control group demonstrated decreased brain activity during memory encoding, primarily in occipital, temporal, and parietal areas. Increases in cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with increases in brain activation in both the left inferior frontal and precentral gyri. Furthermore, changes in cardiorespiratory fitness were also correlated with changes in performance on several neuropsychological tests. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise training may result in functional plasticity of high-order cognitive areas, especially, frontal regions, among older adults at risk of AD and dementia. Furthermore, cardiorespiratory fitness may be an important mediating factor of the observed changes in neurocognitive functions.

scholarly journals An Economic Evaluation of Resistance Training and Aerobic Training versus Balance and Toning Exercises in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. e63031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Davis ◽  
Stirling Bryan ◽  
Carlo A. Marra ◽  
Devika Sharma ◽  
Alison Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Aerobic Training

scholarly journals Preventing disability in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A Strategy Training intervention study

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 100368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juleen Rodakowski ◽  
Katlyn W. Golias ◽  
Charles F. Reynolds ◽  
Meryl A. Butters ◽  
Oscar L. Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Strategy Training ◽  
Training Intervention

scholarly journals AEROBIC TRAINING, THE DEFAULT MODE NETWORK, AND COGNITION IN OLDER ADULTS WITH MILD VASCULAR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S55-S55
Author(s):  
Rachel A Crockett ◽  
Chun Liang Hsu ◽  
Cindy Barha ◽  
Ging-Yuek Robin Hsiung ◽  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Global Cognitive Function

Abstract Aerobic training has been shown to be effective at improving cognitive and brain outcomes in older adults with mild subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (SIVCI). However, uncertainty remains regarding the underlying neurobiological mechanisms by which exercise elicits these improvements in cognition. Increased aberrant functional connectivity of the default mode network has been highlighted as a factor contributing to cognitive decline in older adults with cognitive impairment. Greater connectivity of the DMN at rest is associated with poorer performance on attention-demanding tasks, indicative of a lack of ability to deactivate the network on task. Our previous work on a randomized controlled trial of participants with mild SIVCI, demonstrated that 6-months of thrice weekly aerobic training led to improved global cognitive function, as measured by Alzheimer’s disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog), compared with a health education program. Thus, we conducted secondary analyses to investigate whether these changes in global cognitive function were associated with changes in resting state DMN connectivity. A subsample of 21 participants underwent a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan before and after trial completion. Change in resting state DMN connectivity was found to significantly predict change in ADAS-Cog score (β = -.442, p=.038) after controlling for age, intervention group, and baseline functional capacity (R2=.467, F(4,16)= 3.507, p=.031). These findings suggest that functional connectivity of the DMN may underlie changes in global cognitive function. Furthermore, aerobic exercise is a promising intervention by which to elicit these changes in older adults with mild SIVCI.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF S100B IN AEROBIC TRAINING EFFICACY IN OLDER ADULTS WITH MILD VASCULAR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S171-S172
Author(s):  
Rachel A Crockett ◽  
Cindy Barha ◽  
Ging-Yuek Robin Hsiung ◽  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Global Cognitive Function

Abstract Aerobic training improves cognitive and brain outcomes across different populations and neurocognitive disorders of aging, including mild subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (SIVCI). However, little is known of the underlying mechanisms through which aerobic training exerts its beneficial effects on the brain. Recently, S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) has been proposed as a possible mediator of aerobic training. At low levels, S100B is neurotrophic but at higher levels it is neurotoxic. Elevated levels of S100B have been associated with decreased performance on measures of global cognitive function. Thus, we conducted a secondary analysis of data collected from the proof-of-concept single-blind randomized controlled trial (NCT01027858) in older adults with mild SIVCI to determine whether the beneficial effects of 6-months, thrice weekly, moderate intensity aerobic training on cognitive performance is related to changes in S100B levels. In a subsample of 45 participants, blood samples were collected both before and after trial completion. Global cognitive function was assessed using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). At trial completion, aerobic training decreased circulating levels of S100B compared with usual care plus education (F(1,41) = 6.673, p = 0.013, ηp2 = 0.140; Figure 1). Furthermore, reduced S100B levels were associated with improved global cognitive function in those who received the aerobic exercise intervention (partial r = -0.519, p = 0.023). Together these findings suggest that S100B is a promising target mediating the beneficial effects of moderate-intensity aerobic training on brain health in older adults with mild SIVCI.

Aerobic exercise promotes executive functions and impacts functional neural activity among older adults with vascular cognitive impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Liang Hsu ◽  
John R Best ◽  
Jennifer C Davis ◽  
Lindsay S Nagamatsu ◽  
Shirley Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group

BackgroundVascular cognitive impairment (VCI) results from cerebrovascular disease, and worldwide, it is the second most common type of cognitive dysfunction. While targeted aerobic training is a promising approach to delay the progression of VCI by reducing cardiometabolic risk factors, few randomised controlled trials to date have specifically assessed the efficacy of aerobic training on cognitive and brain outcomes in this group at risk for functional decline.AimTo examine the effect of moderate-intensity aerobic training on executive functions and functional neural activity among older adults with mild subcortical ischaemic VCI (SIVCI).MethodsOlder adults with mild SIVCI were randomly assigned to: (1) 6-month, 3×/week aerobic training (n=10) or (2) usual care (control; n=11). Participants completed functional MRI (fMRI) at baseline and trial completion. During the fMRI sessions, behavioural performance on the Eriksen flanker task and task-evoked neural activity were assessed.ResultsAt trial completion, after adjusting for baseline general cognition, total white matter lesion volume and flanker performance, compared with the control group, the aerobic training group significantly improved flanker task reaction time. Moreover, compared with the controls, the aerobic training group demonstrated reduced activation in the left lateral occipital cortex and right superior temporal gyrus. Reduced activity in these brain regions was significantly associated with improved (ie, faster) flanker task performance at trial completion.SummaryAerobic training among older adults with mild SIVCI can improve executive functions and neural efficiency of associated brain areas. Future studies with greater sample size should be completed to replicate and extend these findings.

P1-416: EFFECTS OF AEROBIC TRAINING ON FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY IN THE BRAINS OF OLDER ADULTS WITH AMNESTIC MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_8) ◽  
pp. P464-P464
Author(s):  
Taeko Makino ◽  
Songtae Kim ◽  
Hiroyuki Umegaki ◽  
Hirohisa Watanabe ◽  
Kazuya Kawabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
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