scholarly journals Physical Fitness Is Independently Related to Blood Leptin Concentration and Insulin Sensitivity Index in Male Subjects with Central Adiposity

Obesity Facts ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Saafi ◽  
Mohamed Ali Saafi ◽  
Delphine Frere-Meunier ◽  
Delphine Frere-Meunier ◽  
Léonard Feasson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index ◽  
Male Subjects

scholarly journals Postprandial glucose fluxes and insulin sensitivity during exercise: A study in healthy individuals

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (4) ◽  
pp. E557-E566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Schiavon ◽  
Ling Hinshaw ◽  
Ashwini Mallad ◽  
Chiara Dalla Man ◽  
Giovanni Sparacino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Endogenous Glucose Production ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Glucose Turnover ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index

Quantifying the effect size of acute exercise on insulin sensitivity (SIexercise) and simultaneous measurement of glucose disappearance (Rd), endogenous glucose production (EGP), and meal glucose appearance in the postprandial state has not been developed in humans. To do so, we studied 12 healthy subjects [5 men, age 37.1 ± 3.1 yr, body mass index 24.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2, fat-free mass (FFM) 50.9 ± 3.9 kg] during moderate exercise at 50% V̇o2max for 75 min, 120–195 min after a triple-tracer mixed meal consumed at time 0. Tracer infusion rates were adjusted to achieve constant tracer-to-tracee ratio and minimize non-steady-state errors. Glucose turnover was estimated by accounting for the nonstationary kinetics introduced by exercise. Insulin sensitivity index was calculated in each subject both in the absence [time ( t) = 0–120 min, SIrest] and presence ( t = 0–360 min, SIexercise) of physical activity. EGP at t = 0 min (13.4 ± 1.1 μM·kg FFM−1·min−1) fell at t = 120 min (2.4 ± 0.4 μM·kg FFM−1·min−1) and then rapidly rose almost eightfold at t = 180 min (18.2 ± 2.6 μM·kg FFM−1·min−1) before gradually falling at t = 360 min (10.6 ± 0.9 μM·kg FFM−1·min−1). Rd rapidly peaked at t = 120 min at the start of exercise (89.5 ± 11.6 μM·kg FFM−1·min−1) and then gradually declined at t = 195 min (26.4 ± 3.3 μM·kg FFM−1·min−1) before returning to baseline at t = 360 min. SIexercise was significantly higher than SIrest (21.6 ± 3.7 vs. 12.5 ± 2.0 10−4 dl·kg−1·min−1 per μU/ml, P < 0.0005). Glucose turnover was estimated for the first time during exercise with the triple-tracer technique. Our results, applying state-of-the-art techniques, show that moderate exercise almost doubles postprandial insulin sensitivity index in healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Study of the Modified Stumvoll Insulin Sensitivity Index Identifies BCL2 and FAM19A2 as Novel Insulin Sensitivity Loci

Diabetes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 3200-3211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Walford ◽  
Stefan Gustafsson ◽  
Denis Rybin ◽  
Alena Stančáková ◽  
Han Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals The association of hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance with incident depressive symptoms over 4 years of follow-up: The Maastricht Study

Diabetologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2315-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk F. J. Geraets ◽  
Sebastian Köhler ◽  
Rutendo Muzambi ◽  
Casper G. Schalkwijk ◽  
Anke Oenema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Skin Autofluorescence ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Depression is twice as common in individuals with type 2 diabetes as in the general population. However, it remains unclear whether hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance are directly involved in the aetiology of depression. Therefore, we investigated the association of markers of hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, measured as continuous variables, with incident depressive symptoms over 4 years of follow-up. Methods We used data from the longitudinal population-based Maastricht Study (n = 2848; mean age 59.9 ± 8.1 years, 48.8% women, 265 incident depression cases, 10,932 person-years of follow-up). We assessed hyperglycaemia by fasting and 2 h post-load OGTT glucose levels, HbA1c and skin autofluorescence (reflecting AGEs) at baseline. We used the Matsuda insulin sensitivity index and HOMA-IR to calculate insulin resistance at baseline. Depressive symptoms (nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire score ≥10) were assessed at baseline and annually over 4 years. We used Cox regression analyses, and adjusted for demographic, cardiovascular and lifestyle risk factors. Results Fasting plasma glucose, 2 h post-load glucose and HbA1c levels were associated with an increased risk for incident depressive symptoms after full adjustment (HR 1.20 [95% CI 1.08, 1.33]; HR 1.25 [1.08, 1.44]; and HR 1.22 [1.09, 1.37] per SD, respectively), while skin autofluorescence, insulin sensitivity index and HOMA-IR were not (HR 0.99 [0.86, 1.13]; HR 1.02 [0.85, 1.25]; and HR 0.93 [0.81, 1.08], per SD, respectively). Conclusions/interpretation The observed temporal association between hyperglycaemia and incident depressive symptoms in this study supports the presence of a mechanistic link between hyperglycaemia and the development of depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Validation of Insulin Sensitivity Indices from Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Parameters in Obese Children and Adolescents

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 1096-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine W. Yeckel ◽  
Ram Weiss ◽  
James Dziura ◽  
Sara E. Taksali ◽  
Sylvie Dufour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index ◽  
Obese Youth ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid Content

Abstract Given the extreme increase in prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, and the potential for metabolic syndrome in obese youth, identifying simplified indexes for assessing stimulated insulin sensitivity is critical. The purpose of this study was validation of two surrogate indexes of insulin sensitivity determined from the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): the composite whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI). An obese population (aged 8–18 yr) of normal and impaired glucose tolerance individuals was studied. One group (n = 38) performed both the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp and OGTT for comparison of insulin sensitivity measurements as well as 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy estimates of intramyocellular lipid content. Another larger (n = 368) cohort participated only in an OGTT. Both the WBISI and ISI represented good estimates (r = 0.78 and 0.74; P &lt; 0.0005) for clamp-derived insulin sensitivity (glucose disposed, M-value), respectively. In the large cohort, the surrogate indexes demonstrated the shift toward poorer function and increased risk profile as a function of insulin resistance. Additionally, the WBISI and ISI correlated with intramyocellular lipid content (r = −0.74 and −0.71; P &lt; 0.0001), a tissue marker for insulin resistance. Insulin sensitivity can be estimated using plasma glucose and insulin responses derived from the OGTT in obese youth with normal and impaired glucose tolerance.

Association between Genetic Polymorphisms of β-Cell Differentiation Genes and Insulin Resistance (β-Cell Dysfunction) in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Survivors.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 4281-4281
Author(s):  
Pacharapan Surapolchai ◽  
Suradej Hongeng ◽  
Samart Pakakasama ◽  
Pat Mahachoklertwattana ◽  
Angkana Winaichatsak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Β Cell Function

Abstract Background: The purposes of the study were to determine β-cell function and insulin sensitivity after ALL therapy cessation and the association between genetic polymorphisms of β-cell differentiation genes, TCF7L2 and PAX4, with insulin resistance (β-cell dysfunction) in childhood ALL survivors. Methods: Childhood ALL patients diagnosed during 1997–2004 finished the treatment for at least 6 months. The oral glucose tolerance test and lipid screening were performed. Impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus (DM) were defined according to WHO criteria. β-cell function was estimated by homeostasis model assessment β-cell (HOMA β-cell) and insulinogenic index (IGI) and insulin sensitivity was estimated by whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI). The polymorphisms of TCF7L2 (rs12255372 and rs7903146) and PAX4 (A1186C) were genotyped and assessed for the association between these polymorphisms and the β-cell function and the insulin sensitivity. Results: 126 patients were studied (52 females, 74 males and age at the time of study; 4–20 yrs). 116 patients (92%) had normal glucose tolerance (NGT) while the others 10 patients (8%) had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Comparing between IGT and NGT groups respectively, we found statistically significant differences in age at the diagnosis (7.5 and 5.2 yrs, p=0.041), age at the study (14 and 10.3 yrs, p=0.001), the duration of post ALL therapy cessation (43 and 26 months, p=0.015), and insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) (5.75 and 9.52, p<0.001). HOMA β-cell and IGI were not different between NGT and IGT group (190.8 and 139.5, p=0.332; 23.6 and 15.8, p=0.310, respectively). Moreover, 32 of 126 patients (25%) had insulin resistance (modified from the criteria of WBISI in obese children and adolescents). These 32 patients who had insulin resistance demonstrated significant pictures of metabolic syndrome i.e. hypertriglyceridemia (116.6 and 85.4 mg/dL, p=0.036), low HDL-C (43.0 and 48.3 mg/dL, p=0.015), obesity (BMI SDS 1.03 and 0.38, p=0.044) and were also older age at the study (12.8 and 9.9 yrs, p<0.001). The genotype frequencies and allele frequencies of polymorphisms of TCF7L2 and PAX4 genes between IGT and NGT groups and between insulin resistance and nonresistance were not difference (p>0.05). Conclusion: The childhood ALL survivors who had IGT were associated with the longer duration of ALL therapy cessation, the older age at diagnosis and at the time of study, and insulin resistance while β-cell function was still relatively preserved. Long-term childhood ALL survivors have potential risks of IGT, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Our findings with such small representatives are not yet applicable to associate TCF7L2 and PAX4 polymorphisms with the insulin resistance (β-cell dysfunction) in the childhood ALL survivors.

scholarly journals WITHDRAWN: Improvement in the insulin sensitivity index with weight loss in rodents fed a 40% fat diet

Appetite ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hughes ◽  
D.K. Sindelar ◽  
J. Alexander-Chacko ◽  
J. Dill ◽  
Nicole Newton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index

Effects of age and anesthetic on plasma glucose and insulin levels and insulin sensitivity in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 962-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika R Vera ◽  
Mary L Battell ◽  
Sanjay Bhanot ◽  
John H McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity Index ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests

We examined the effects of anesthetic, age, and strain on oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT, 1 g/kg body weight) and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT, 2 g/kg body weight) in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) and Wistar rats. Pentobarbital anesthesia caused an elevation in basal glucose and insulin levels in Wistar rats at 9 and 16 weeks of age and in SH rats at 9 weeks. Anesthesia increased the insulin output during an OGTT in both strains of rats while glucose was unchanged. Anesthesia reduced the insulin sensitivity index calculated from the OGTT but not from the IPGTT data. The age of the rats (9–11 vs. 16–18 weeks) had no effect on the basal glucose or insulin levels, but older Wistar rats had a greater insulin output following oral glucose and older SH rats had a greater insulin output following intraperitoneal glucose. On the basis of the insulin sensitivity index, SH rats were clearly more insulin resistant than age-matched Wistar rats. The SH rats also had higher basal insulin levels, as well as higher insulin output, following both glucose challenges. In summary, SH rats are more insulin resistant than Wistar rats, and anesthesia, which elevated basal glucose and insulin levels and increased the insulin output in response to a glucose challenge, may increase insulin resistance.Key words: spontaneously hypertensive rats, insulin sensitivity index, anesthesia, age.

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