scholarly journals Isolated Bilateral Fourth Cranial Nerve Palsies as the Presenting Sign of Hydrocephalus

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimosthenis Mantopoulos ◽  
David G. Hunter ◽  
Dean M. Cestari
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Fourth Cranial Nerve

A guide to the evaluation of fourth cranial nerve palsies

Strabismus ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Lee ◽  
L. Anne Hayman ◽  
Hilary A. Beaver ◽  
Thomas C. Prager ◽  
Steve H. Kelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Fourth Cranial Nerve

Evaluation of fourth cranial nerve palsies

Strabismus ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-137
Author(s):  
Lionel Kowal
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Fourth Cranial Nerve

Combination of microsurgery and Gamma Knife surgery for the treatment of intracranial chondrosarcomas

2006 ◽  
Vol 105 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Förander ◽  
Tiit Rähn ◽  
Lars Kihlström ◽  
Elfar Ulfarsson ◽  
Tiit Mathiesen
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Local Tumor Control ◽  
Gamma Knife Surgery ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Tumor Volume Reduction

ObjectIntracranial chondrosarcomas have a high risk of recurrence after surgery. This retrospective study of patients with intracranial chondrosarcoma was conducted to determine the long-term results of microsurgery followed by Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for residual tumor or recurrence.MethodsThe authors treated nine patients whose median age was 36 years. Seven patients had low-grade chondrosarcomas (LGCSs), whereas mesenchymal chondrosarcomas (MCSs) were diagnosed in two. Radiosurgery was performed in eight patients, whereas one patient declined further surgical intervention and tumor-volume reduction necessary for the GKS.The patients were followed up for 15 to 173 months (median 108 months) after diagnosis and 3 to 166 months (median 88 months) after GKS. Seven patients had residual tumor tissue after microsurgery, and two operations appeared radical. In the two latter cases, tumors recurred after 25 and 45 months. Thus, definite tumor control was not achieved after surgery alone in any patient, whereas the addition of radiosurgery allowed tumor control in all six patients with LGCSs. Two of these patients experienced an initial tumor regrowth after GKS; in both cases the recurrences were outside the prescribed radiation field. The patients underwent repeated GKS, and subsequent tumor control was observed. An MCS was diagnosed in the remaining two patients. Complications after microsurgery included diplopia, facial numbness, and paresis. After GKS, one patient had radiation necrosis, which required microsurgery, and two patients had new cranial nerve palsies.Conclusions Tumor control after microsurgery alone was not achieved in any patient, whereas adjuvant radiosurgery provided local tumor control in six of eight GKS-treated patients. Tumor control was not achieved in the two patients with MCS. Similar to other treatments for intracranial chondrosarcoma, morbidity after micro- and radiosurgical combination therapy was high and included severe cranial nerve palsies.

scholarly journals Multimodal management of pediatric carotid body tumors: a systematic review and case illustrations

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-332
Author(s):  
Manish Kuchakulla ◽  
Ashish H. Shah ◽  
Valerie Armstrong ◽  
Sarah Jernigan ◽  
Sanjiv Bhatia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Preoperative Embolization ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Balloon Test Occlusion ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Carotid Body Tumors

OBJECTIVECarotid body tumors (CBTs), extraadrenal paragangliomas, are extremely rare neoplasms in children that often require multimodal surgical treatment, including preoperative anesthesia workup, embolization, and resection. With only a few cases reported in the pediatric literature, treatment paradigms and surgical morbidity are loosely defined, especially when carotid artery infiltration is noted. Here, the authors report two cases of pediatric CBT and provide the results of a systematic review of the literature.METHODSThe study was divided into two sections. First, the authors conducted a retrospective review of our series of pediatric CBT patients and screened for patients with evidence of a CBT over the last 10 years (2007–2017) at a single tertiary referral pediatric hospital. Second, they conducted a systematic review, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, of all reported cases of pediatric CBTs to determine the characteristics (tumor size, vascularity, symptomatology), treatment paradigms, and complications.RESULTSIn the systematic review (n = 21 patients [includes 19 cases found in the literature and 2 from the authors’ series]), the mean age at diagnosis was 11.8 years. The most common presenting symptoms were palpable neck mass (62%), cranial nerve palsies (33%), cough or dysphagia (14%), and neck pain (19%). Metastasis occurred only in 5% of patients, and 19% of cases were recurrent lesions. Only 10% of patients presented with elevated catecholamines and associated sympathetic involvement. Preoperative embolization was utilized in 24% of patients (external carotid artery in 4 and external carotid artery and vertebral artery in 1). Cranial nerve palsies (cranial nerve VII [n = 1], IX [n = 1], X [n = 4], XI [n = 1], and XII [n = 3]) were the most common cause of surgical morbidity (33% of cases). The patients in the authors’ illustrative cases underwent preoperative embolization and balloon test occlusion followed by resection, and both patients suffered from transient Horner’s syndrome after embolization.CONCLUSIONSSurgical management of CBTs requires an extensive preoperative workup, anesthesia, and multimodal surgical management. Due to a potentially high rate of surgical morbidity and vascularity, balloon test occlusion with embolization may be necessary in select patients prior to resection. Careful thorough preoperative counseling is vital to preparing families for the intensive management of these children.

A Woman with Pansinusitis and Cranial Nerve Palsies

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 31-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Reichmuth ◽  
Kim A. Mannell ◽  
Harold M. Adelman ◽  
Edward P. Cutolo ◽  
Rajani P. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies

Cranial Nerve and Hearing Function after Combined-Approach Surgery for Glomus Jugulare Tumors

1996 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mislav Gjuric ◽  
Stephan Rüdiger Wolf ◽  
Malte Erik Wigand ◽  
Manfred Weidenbecher
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Transcervical Approach ◽  
Glomus Jugulare ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies ◽  
Ablative Surgery ◽  
The Individual

In this retrospective study, oncologic and functional results of 46 patients treated for glomus jugulare tumor are reported. The standard surgical approach was the combined transmastoid-transcervical approach, modified according to the individual tumor growth, and eventually combined with a transtemporal or a suboccipital approach. Complete tumor removal resulted in a cure rate of 90%. New-onset cranial nerve palsies developed in less than 22% of patients. In 54% of cases it was possible to retain middle ear function. From a total of 12 patients with incomplete tumor removal and postoperative irradiation, progressive tumor growth was noted in 4 patients, and was controlled by salvage irradiation or surgery. Radical tumor removal by ablative surgery can be modified by efforts to reduce mutilating resections. In their place, individually tailored and combined multidirectional surgical approaches may allow total tumor removal with lower morbidity.

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