scholarly journals Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Management of Mood Disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte L. Allan ◽  
Lucie L. Herrmann ◽  
Klaus P. Ebmeier
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation

scholarly journals Depression-like state induced by low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to ventral medial frontal cortex in monkeys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Nakamura ◽  
Yodai Kishimoto ◽  
Masaki Sekino ◽  
Motoaki Nakamura ◽  
Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medial Frontal Cortex ◽  
Behavioral Activity ◽  
Primate Model

The medial frontal cortex (MFC), especially its ventral part, has long been of great interest with respect to the pathology of mood disorders. A number of human brain imaging studies have demonstrated the abnormalities of this brain region in patients with mood disorders, however, whether it is critically involved in the pathogenesis of such disorders remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we conducted a causal study to investigate how the suppression of neural activity in the ventral region of the MFC (vMFC) affects the behavioral and physiological states of monkeys by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). By using low-frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) as an inhibitory intervention, we found that LF-rTMS targeting the vMFC induced a depression-like state in monkeys, which was characterized by a reduced spontaneous behavioral activity, increased plasma cortisol level, impaired sociability, and decreased motivation level. On the other hand, no such significant changes in behavioral and physiological states were observed when targeting the other MFC regions, dorsal or posterior. We further found that the administration of an antidepressant agent, ketamine, ameliorated the abnormal behavioral and physiological states induced by the LF-rTMS intervention. These findings indicate the causal involvement of the vMFC in the regulation of mood and affect and the validity of the LF-rTMS-induced dysfunction of the vMFC as a nonhuman primate model of the depression-like state.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression and other psychiatric disorders

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1141-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. McNAMARA ◽  
J. L. RAY ◽  
O. J. ARTHURS ◽  
S. BONIFACE
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Number Needed To Treat

Introduction. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as a possible alternative to electroconvulsive therapy for the treatment of selected patients with depression, bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of rTMS in mood disorders and schizophrenia.Methods. Studies were identified using MEDLINE (1966 to January 2000), EMBASE/Excerpta Medica (1980 to January 2000), Biological Abstracts and Index to Scientific and Technical Proceedings. A number of biomedical and TMS related websites were also searched. We estimated the number needed to treat to show beneficial effect of rTMS when compared with the placebo controlled group.Results. Seven controlled trials of rTMS depression were identified. Five of these were suitable for meta-analysis and show a beneficial effect of rTMS compared to placebo, with a number needed to treat of 2·3 with a 95% confidence interval 1·6 to 4·0, total; 81 patients. A single trial of rTMS has also been performed in mania, which shows a beneficial effect of right hemisphere stimulation when compared with left hemisphere stimulation. A controlled trial in schizophrenia failed to show any benefit of rTMS.Discussion. rTMS has demonstrable beneficial effects in depression. The extent and the duration of the anti-depressant effect of rTMS has yet to be defined. There now needs to be randomized controlled trials to compare rTMS directly with standardized electroconvulsive therapy in order to take this subject forward. With regard to the treatment of other mood disorders and schizophrenia, we are at an early stage in the assessment of further studies that are needed to examine any potential role for rTMS.

Neurobiology of Mood Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genoveva Uzunova ◽  
Vera Nezgovorova ◽  
Danya Schlussel ◽  
Eric Hollander
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Mood disorders (major depressive disorders [MDDs] and bipolar disorders [BDs]) are common psychiatric conditions and major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Their neurobiology is extensively studied, and major advances have been made in understanding the neuroanatomic, neurochemical, synaptic plasticity, and genetic correlates. In this review, we discuss the major neuroanatomic regions in the brain affected in mood disorders and brain structural and functional alterations, the main hypotheses for the neurobiology, the major neurotransmitters and neuromodulators implicated, the synaptic plasticity changes, the role of stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the importance of circadian rhythms, and the role of genetics. We discuss differences in the neurobiology between MDDs and BDs and connect the knowledge of neurobiology to therapeutics. We discuss the main classes of medications, such as antidepressants for treatment of MDD and mood-stabilizing drugs for treatment of BD, and neuromodulation therapies such as transcranial magnetic stimulation. We point to unanswered questions and future directions, such as elucidation of the role of atypical neurotransmitters in mood disorders, the need for better understanding of the genetics and interactions between the immune and central nervous systems, and the development of biomarkers and personalized therapeutics based on the neurobiology. Notably, there are discrepancies in the current scientific knowledge and many unanswered questions in the neurobiology due to the different ages of patients, disease stage, presence of medications, and other comorbidities. It is notable, however, that mood disorders have a clearly established biological basis with alterations in the immune and central nervous systems that affect synaptic plasticity, neural circuits, and larger-scale brain networks and communicate with the autonomic nervous system. This review contains 5 figures, 4 tables and 62 references Key words: antidepressant, bipolar disorder, epigenetics, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, immune system, limbic system, major depressive disorder, mood stabilizer, neurotransmitter, synaptic plasticity, transcranial magnetic stimulation 

scholarly journals Hypomanic/manic switch after transcranial magnetic stimulation in mood disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 477-490
Author(s):  
Andrea Miuli ◽  
Gianna Sepede ◽  
Gianfranco Stigliano ◽  
Alessio Mosca ◽  
Francesco Di Carlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Meta Analysis

Neurobiology of Mood Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genoveva Uzunova ◽  
Vera Nezgovorova ◽  
Danya Schlussel ◽  
Eric Hollander
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Mood disorders (major depressive disorders [MDDs] and bipolar disorders [BDs]) are common psychiatric conditions and major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Their neurobiology is extensively studied, and major advances have been made in understanding the neuroanatomic, neurochemical, synaptic plasticity, and genetic correlates. In this review, we discuss the major neuroanatomic regions in the brain affected in mood disorders and brain structural and functional alterations, the main hypotheses for the neurobiology, the major neurotransmitters and neuromodulators implicated, the synaptic plasticity changes, the role of stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the importance of circadian rhythms, and the role of genetics. We discuss differences in the neurobiology between MDDs and BDs and connect the knowledge of neurobiology to therapeutics. We discuss the main classes of medications, such as antidepressants for treatment of MDD and mood-stabilizing drugs for treatment of BD, and neuromodulation therapies such as transcranial magnetic stimulation. We point to unanswered questions and future directions, such as elucidation of the role of atypical neurotransmitters in mood disorders, the need for better understanding of the genetics and interactions between the immune and central nervous systems, and the development of biomarkers and personalized therapeutics based on the neurobiology. Notably, there are discrepancies in the current scientific knowledge and many unanswered questions in the neurobiology due to the different ages of patients, disease stage, presence of medications, and other comorbidities. It is notable, however, that mood disorders have a clearly established biological basis with alterations in the immune and central nervous systems that affect synaptic plasticity, neural circuits, and larger-scale brain networks and communicate with the autonomic nervous system. This review contains 5 figures, 4 tables and 62 references Key words: antidepressant, bipolar disorder, epigenetics, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, immune system, limbic system, major depressive disorder, mood stabilizer, neurotransmitter, synaptic plasticity, transcranial magnetic stimulation 

scholarly journals Changes in Mindfulness following Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Mood Disorders

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
KaWai Leong ◽  
Peter Chan ◽  
Andrea Grabovac ◽  
Michael Wilkins-Ho ◽  
Maria Perri
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

The place of non-invasive brain stimulation in the RANZCP clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-354
Author(s):  
Paul B Fitzgerald ◽  
Shane Gill ◽  
Salam Hussain ◽  
Shanthi Sarma ◽  
Suneel Chamoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Clinical Practice Guideline ◽  
Practice Guideline ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Antidepressant Use

Clinical practice guidelines are important documents as they have the capacity to significantly influence and shape clinical practice in important areas of therapeutics. As such, they need to be developed informed by comprehensive and quality-based systematic reviews, involve consensus deliberations representative of the appropriate experts in the field and be subject to thorough critical review. A revised clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with mood disorders was recently published under the auspices of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists. However, this clinical practice guideline was not developed in a manner that reflects the appropriate standards that should apply to clinical practice guideline development and it has critical flaws, especially as it pertains to the use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment for patients with depression. The revision of the college clinical practice guideline has explicitly removed clear and unequivocal evidence-based recommendations that were found in a previous version of the clinical practice guideline and replaced these with consensus-based recommendations. However, the consensus-based recommendations were developed without consultation of the appropriate expert body within the college and contradict the scientific literature. There is substantive and unequivocal evidence supporting the antidepressant use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of patients with depression and its use after a patient with depression has failed a limited number (typically around two) of antidepressant medication trials. Readers should refer to the college Professional Practice Guidelines for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation published in 2018 for thorough information about the use of this important new treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document