Role of Endothelin in Thick Ascending Limb Sodium Chloride Transport

2011 ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa D. Ramseyer ◽  
Pablo D. Cabral ◽  
Jeffrey L. Garvin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Chloride Transport ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb

Sodium-chloride transport in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop

1981 ◽  
Vol 389 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Eveloff ◽  
Ekkehard Bayerd�rffer ◽  
Patricio Silva ◽  
Rolf Kinne
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Chloride Transport ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Henle's Loop

Importance of chloride for acute inhibition of renin by sodium chloride

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (5) ◽  
pp. F444-F450 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Kirchner ◽  
T. A. Kotchen ◽  
J. H. Galla ◽  
R. G. Luke
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Chloride Transport ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Free Water Clearance ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Renin Inhibition

To evaluate the contribution of chloride to acute renin inhibition by sodium chloride, plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured before and after peripheral venous infusion of NaCl, NaHCO3, NaBr, NaNO3, lysine monohydrochloride, or lysine glutamate in NaCl-deprived rats. In contrast to controls and animals infused with other sodium salts, PRA decreased (P less than 0.01) after infusion with NaCl [from 28.3 +/- 2.8 to 13.3 +/- 1.8 ng/ml per h (SE)] and NaBr (from 40.6 +/- 6.2 to 21.8 +/- 3.9 ng/ml per h), and renal tubular halide reabsorption increased (P less than 0.05). Arterial pressure, plasma volume, inulin clearance, net sodium balance, serum Na+ and K+, and pH were not different among sodium-loaded groups. PRA was also suppressed (P less than 0.01) by infusion with lysine monohydrochloride (from 51.6 +/- 5.4 to 32.4 +/- 5.1 ng/ml per h) but not with lysine glutamate. These results suggest that inhibition of renin by sodium is dependent on an intrarenal effect of chloride. During infusion with sodium salts which suppressed renin, negative free water clearance (TcH2O) increased, whereas infusion with sodium salts that did not inhibit renin resulted in either no change or decreased TcH2O. The association of renin inhibition and increased TcH2O indirectly supports the hypothesis that renin suppression by chloride is related to the magnitude of absorptive chloride transport in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle.

Multihormonal regulation of nephron epithelia: achieved through combinational mode?

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (4) ◽  
pp. R739-R748 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. De Rouffignac
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Nephron Segment ◽  
Urinary Concentrating Ability

The kidney is the main organ regulating composition of body fluids. A considerable number of hormones control the activity of renal cells to maintain hydromineral equilibrium. It becomes more and more difficult to interpret this multihormonal control in terms of regulatory processes. To illustrate this complexity, the hormonal regulation of electrolyte transport in the nephron thick ascending limb is taken as an example. This nephron segment is largely responsible for two kidney functions: the urinary-concentrating ability (by its capacity to deliver hypertonic sodium chloride into the medullary interstitium) and regulation of magnesium excretion into final urine. Six hormones are presently identified as acting on the transport of both sodium chloride and magnesium ions in this nephron segment. Therefore, the pertinent question is how the thick ascending limb and, hence, the kidney, is capable of regulating water balance independently from magnesium balance. It is proposed that the hormones act in combination: circulating levels of the individual hormones acting on these cells may determine the configuration of the paracellular and transcellular transport pathways of the epithelium either in the “sodium” or “magnesium” mode. The configuration would depend on the distribution and activity of the receptor at the surface of the basolateral membrane in contact with the circulating hormones. This distribution along with stimulation of respective signal transduction pathways would lead to the final biological effects. It is already known that the distribution of cell receptors may vary according to factors such as age, nutritional variability, hormonal status, degree of desensitization of the receptors, etc. The modulation of hormonal responses would depend therefore on the degree of coupling of hormone-receptor complexes to different intracellular transduction pathways and on the resulting negative and/or positive interactions between these pathways.

The role of chloride transport in postsynaptic inhibition of hippocampal neurons

Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 232 (4756) ◽  
pp. 1413-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Misgeld ◽  
R. Deisz ◽  
H. Dodt ◽  
H. Lux
Keyword(s):  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Chloride Transport ◽  
Postsynaptic Inhibition
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