Molecular Mechanisms of Aging in Muscle Stem Cells

2010 ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Stefan Tümpel
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Muscle Stem Cells

scholarly journals Muscle stem cell and physical activity: what point is the debate at?

Open Medicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Ceccarelli ◽  
Laura Benedetti ◽  
Maria Luisa Arcari ◽  
Cecilia Carubbi ◽  
Daniela Galli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Muscle Stem Cells ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Differentiated Cells

AbstractIn the last 15 years, it emerged that the practice of regular physical activity reduces the risks of many diseases (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, etc.) and it is fundamental in weight control and energy consuming to contrast obesity. Different groups proposed many molecular mechanisms as responsible for the positive effects of physical activity in healthy life. However, many points remain to be clarified. In this mini-review we reported the latest observations on the effects of physical exercise on healthy skeletal and cardiac muscle focusing on muscle stem cells. The last ones represent the fundamental elements for muscle regeneration post injury, but also for healthy muscle homeostasis.Interestingly, in both muscle tissues the morphological consequence of physical activity is a physiological hypertrophy that depends on different phenomena both in differentiated cells and stem cells. The signaling pathways for physical exercise effects present common elements in skeletal and cardiac muscle, like activation of specific transcription factors, proliferative pathways, and cytokines. More recently, post translational (miRNAs) or epigenetic (DNA methylation) modifications have been demonstrated. However, several points remain unresolved thus requiring new research on the effect of exercise on muscle stem cells.

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