Electron Microscopical Evidence of Synaptic Reorganization in the Contralateral Motor Cortex of Adult Rats following Facial Nerve Lesion

ORL ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Laskawi ◽  
L. Landgrebe ◽  
J.R. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Synaptic Reorganization ◽  
Facial Nerve Lesion ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Contralateral Motor ◽  
Microscopical Evidence

scholarly journals Layer 5 Pyramidal Neurons’ Dendritic Remodeling and Increased Microglial Density in Primary Motor Cortex in a Murine Model of Facial Paralysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Urrego ◽  
Julieta Troncoso ◽  
Alejandro Múnera
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Yellow Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Dendritic Morphology ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Facial Nerve Lesion

This work was aimed at characterizing structural changes in primary motor cortex layer 5 pyramidal neurons and their relationship with microglial density induced by facial nerve lesion using a murine facial paralysis model. Adult transgenic mice, expressing green fluorescent protein in microglia and yellow fluorescent protein in projecting neurons, were submitted to either unilateral section of the facial nerve or sham surgery. Injured animals were sacrificed either 1 or 3weeks after surgery. Two-photon excitation microscopy was then used for evaluating both layer 5 pyramidal neurons and microglia in vibrissal primary motor cortex (vM1). It was found that facial nerve lesion induced long-lasting changes in the dendritic morphology of vM1 layer 5 pyramidal neurons and in their surrounding microglia. Dendritic arborization of the pyramidal cells underwent overall shrinkage. Apical dendrites suffered transient shortening while basal dendrites displayed sustained shortening. Moreover, dendrites suffered transient spine pruning. Significantly higher microglial cell density was found surrounding vM1 layer 5 pyramidal neurons after facial nerve lesion with morphological bias towards the activated phenotype. These results suggest that facial nerve lesions elicit active dendrite remodeling due to pyramidal neuron and microglia interaction, which could be the pathophysiological underpinning of some neuropathic motor sequelae in humans.

Optogenetic probing of nerve and muscle function after facial nerve lesion in the mouse whisker system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Margolis ◽  
Akhil Bandi ◽  
Aman Upadhyay ◽  
S. Olga Yiantsos ◽  
Thomas J. Vajtay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Facial Nerve Lesion ◽  
Whisker System

scholarly journals Bilateral Congenital Absence of the Stapes Superstructure in Two Siblings

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jose Ignacio Undabeitia ◽  
José Undabeitia ◽  
Laura Cianci ◽  
Luis Padilla ◽  
Eduardo Petreñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Congenital Absence ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Facial Nerve Lesion

Middle ear ossicle malformations are an uncommon event. Among them, the congenital absence of the stapes is a very rare condition that is seldom described in the literature. We report the cases of two women, aged 19 and 22 , who presented with a long history of conductive deafness. An exploratory tympanotomy was performed and the absence of the stapes superstructure and an abnormal position of the facial nerve could be observed. A bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA) was implanted in both patients with good results. It is believed that stapes agenesis is related to an abnormal development of the facial nerve, which by the 5th to 6th week of gestation would interpose between the otic capsule and the stapes blastema, preventing these structures from contacting. A long history of nonprogressive hearing loss from birth or early childhood is the key to reach a diagnosis. Several treatment options have been described. The authors opted for a hearing aid due to the high risk of facial nerve lesion, with good functional results.

Rapid astroglial reactions in the motor cortex of adult rats following peripheral facial nerve lesions

1997 ◽  
Vol 254 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Laskawi ◽  
A. Roblmann ◽  
M. Landgrebe ◽  
J. R. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Nerve Lesions

scholarly journals BELL’S PALSY: SUATU TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Rohmania Setiarini
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Motor Neuron ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Lower Motor Neuron ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
Nerve Lesion ◽  
Neuron Type ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
Facial Nerve Lesion ◽  
Recommended Therapy

Bell’s palsy merupakan kelainan saraf fasialis yang paling banyak dijumpai. Gejala klinis bell’s palsy yaitu adanya lesi saraf fasialis akut tipe lower motor neuron yang terjadi secara tiba-tiba dan cepat. Sekitar 80% pasien sembuh spontan. Etiologi dan patofisiologi masih diperdebatkan. Kehamilan memiliki resiko tiga kali lipat terjadi bell’s palsy. Penegakkan diagnosis berdasarkan klinis. Terapi yang direkomendasikan yaitu pemberian steroid oral. Artikel ini merupakan sebuah studi pustaka.Kata kunci: Bell’s palsy, etiologi, diagnosis, penatalaksanaan ABSTRACTBell's palsy is the most common facial nerve disorder. The clinical symptom is acute lower motor neuron type facial nerve lesion that occurs suddenly and rapidly. About 80% of patients recover spontaneously. The etiology and pathophysiology are still being debated. Pregnancy has a threefold risk of developing Bell's palsy. Diagnosis based on clinical. The recommended therapy is oral steroid administration. This article was a literature review.Keyword: Bell’s palsy, diagnosis, etiology, treatment

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