Postmortem Evaluation of Rabbit Aqueous Humor Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide, Total Carbon Dioxide, Bicarbonate, Partial Pressure of Oxygen and Ionized Calcium Levels

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Doughty
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen

scholarly journals Massive Subcutaneous Emphysema during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
ASM Moosa ◽  
M Baharul Islam ◽  
Shahina Akther ◽  
M Latifur Rahman ◽  
Nazim Uddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Subcutaneous Emphysema ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Peak Airway Pressure ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen

Laparoscopic surgical techniques are increasingly being applied to treat cholelithiasis and other indications of gallbladder diseases. These procedures however are not without potential morbidity. Herein we describe two patients treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy; those cases were complicated with subcutaneous emphysema and hypercarbia per-operatively. After discontinuation of pneumoperitoneum, saturation of partial pressure of oxygen (SpO2) gradually increased with improvement of the neck subcutaneous emphysema, at the same time the lung ventilation also improved. Our findings show that we have to stop pneumoperitoneum or decrease partial pressure of end carbon dioxide level immediately, when we find a sudden increase of the peak airway pressure or decrease SpO2 with subcutaneous emphysema during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i1.3225 TAJ 2008; 21(1): 77-79

RESPONSE OF ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE TO ACUTE EXPOSURE TO MILD AND SEVERE HYPOXIA IN MAN

1978 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. CLAYBAUGH ◽  
J. E. HANSEN ◽  
D. B. WOZNIAK
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Severe Hypoxia ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Mild Hypoxia

SUMMARY Eight men, 19-35 years of age, breathed 20·9% (normal oxygen), 13·9% (mild hypoxia) or 11·1% (severe hypoxia) oxygen in nitrogen gas mixtures during three 20 min periods, which were separated by 1 h recovery periods. The order in which the gas mixtures were breathed was random. The partial pressure of oxygen decreased from a mean of 93·5 during exposure to normal oxygen to 53·9 and 36·7 mmHg during mild and severe hypoxia respectively. There were corresponding decreases in haemoglobin saturation. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide was lower and the pH higher during severe hypoxia than during exposure to normal oxygen. There were no changes in the plasma osmolality or in the concentrations of sodium or potassium in the plasma. There was a tendency for both the renin activity and the concentration of aldosterone in the plasma to decrease progressively as the percentage of oxygen breathed decreased. Unlike severe hypoxia, mild hypoxia suppressed the concentration of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the plasma of all subjects by about 59%; during severe hypoxia the reduction was not significant, being only about 33%. These data are consistent with the suggestion that the effect of hypoxia on the release of ADH is dependent on the level of hypoxia.

RESPIRATION OF FISHES WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON STANDARD OXYGEN CONSUMPTION: IV. INFLUENCE OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND OXYGEN

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. H. Beamish
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Standard Rate ◽  
Different Levels

Oxygen consumption was determined in relation to spontaneous activity and standard metabolism estimated by extrapolating the values to zero activity, Standard oxygen consumption was determined in relation to different partial pressures of carbon dioxide and oxygen for brook trout. Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), at 10 °C, and carp, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, at 25 °C. In general, at each partial pressure of oxygen applied, standard oxygen consumption did not change significantly over the range of partial pressures of carbon dioxide followed. The relation for brook trout operated on a level characteristic of the partial pressure of oxygen. Although the effect of different levels of oxygen was not established for carp at 25 °C, it is presumed that the relation operated also in that species in a similar way.Acclimation to the different levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen to be tested was examined and, ordinarily, found not to change significantly the standard rate of oxygen consumption.

scholarly journals Liver tissue partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide during partial hepatectomy

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Brooks ◽  
J Eastwood ◽  
I.J. Beckingham ◽  
K.J. Girling
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen

scholarly journals Time course of the establishment of uterine seawater conditions in late-term pregnant spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias)

1988 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 443-456
Author(s):  
G. A. Kormanik
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Squalus Acanthias ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Spiny Dogfish ◽  
Ionic Form ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content

The gestation period for embryos of the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias (L.) lasts for nearly 2 years. During the latter part of this period the pups remain in the uterus and the fluid surrounding the embryos resembles sea water with respect to the major ions, but is low in pH (approx. 6), high in partial pressure of carbon dioxide (approx. 3 mmHg; 1 mmHg = 133.3 Pa), low in total carbon dioxide content (approx. 0.2 mmol l-1), and may have a total ammonia concentration of up to 22 mmol l-1. Thus the conditions under which the pups complete their development in utero is quite remarkable. The derivation of these conditions was examined in late-term pregnant females, from whose uterine horns the pups had been removed, by monitoring changes that occurred in instilled uterine sea water. The mother is responsible for reducing the pH, reducing the total carbon dioxide content and elevating the partial pressure of carbon dioxide to the levels observed in fresh-caught females, in less than 24 h. The ammonia concentration is also elevated, but this takes rather longer. The decreased pH is responsible for the accumulation of ammonia in the uterine sea water, and it also serves to protect the pups from the toxic effects of NH3, by converting it to the relatively non-toxic ionic form, NH4+. The reasons for the establishment of these uterine seawater conditions are still not evident.

scholarly journals Venous blood gas analysis in patients with COVID-19 symptoms in the early assessment of virus positivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzemal Elezagic ◽  
Wibke Johannis ◽  
Volker Burst ◽  
Florian Klein ◽  
Thomas Streichert
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Early Assessment

Abstract Objectives Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a worldwide major health threat. Recognizing hypoxia in patients early on can have a considerable effect on therapy success and survival rate. Methods We collected data using a standard blood gas analyzer from 50 patients and analyzed measurements of partial pressure of carbon dioxide-pCO2, partial pressure of oxygen-pO2 and oxygen saturation-sO2, bicarbonate concentrations-HCO3− as well as ionized calcium concentrations. We further examined PCR test results for SARS-CoV-2 of the patients and analyzed differences between patients tested positive and those tested negative for the virus. Results Venous pCO2 was significantly higher whereas pO2 and sO2 were significantly lower in patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. The pH, and ionized calcium concentrations of patients tested positive for the virus were significantly lower than in those tested negative. Conclusions Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive patients upon admission to the emergency room exhibit lower venous blood levels of oxygen, pH, and calcium and higher levels of carbon dioxide compared to symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-negative patients. This blood gas analysis constellation could help in identifying SARS-CoV-2-positive patients more rapidly and identifying early signs of hypoxia.

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