Neuroglia in the Diabetic Retina

2009 ◽  
pp. 79-97
Author(s):  
A. Bringmann ◽  
A. Reichenbach
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retina

scholarly journals Analysis of Lipid Peroxidation by UPLC-MS/MS and Retinoprotective Effects of the Natural Polyphenol Pterostilbene

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Isabel Torres-Cuevas ◽  
Iván Millán ◽  
Miguel Asensi ◽  
Máximo Vento ◽  
Camille Oger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Diabetic Retina ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Adrenic Acid ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
High Level

The loss of redox homeostasis induced by hyperglycemia is an early sign and key factor in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Due to the high level of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, diabetic retina is highly susceptible to lipid peroxidation, source of pathophysiological alterations in diabetic retinopathy. Previous studies have shown that pterostilbene, a natural antioxidant polyphenol, is an effective therapy against diabetic retinopathy development, although its protective effects on lipid peroxidation are not well known. Plasma, urine and retinas from diabetic rabbits, control and diabetic rabbits treated daily with pterostilbene were analyzed. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated through the determination of derivatives from arachidonic, adrenic and docosahexaenoic acids by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Diabetes increased lipid peroxidation in retina, plasma and urine samples and pterostilbene treatment restored control values, showing its ability to prevent early and main alterations in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Through our study, we are able to propose the use of a derivative of adrenic acid, 17(RS)-10-epi-SC-Δ15-11-dihomo-IsoF, for the first time, as a suitable biomarker of diabetic retinopathy in plasmas or urine.

Evidence for a dysfunction and disease-promoting role of the circadian clock in the diabetic retina

2021 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 108751
Author(s):  
Patrick Vancura ◽  
Laura Oebel ◽  
Simon Spohn ◽  
Ute Frederiksen ◽  
Kristina Schäfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Diabetic Retina

scholarly journals Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Signaling Contributes to Synaptophysin Degradation and Neuronal Dysfunction in the Diabetic Retina

Diabetes ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 2191-2198 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kurihara ◽  
Y. Ozawa ◽  
N. Nagai ◽  
K. Shinoda ◽  
K. Noda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Neuronal Dysfunction ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Diabetic Retina

Fractal analysis of region-based vascular change in the normal and non-proliferative diabetic retina

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpenik Avakian ◽  
Robert E. Kalina ◽  
E. Helene Sage ◽  
Avni H. Rambhia ◽  
Katherine E. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Vascular Change ◽  
Diabetic Retina

scholarly journals Mineralocorticoid receptor pathway and its antagonism in a model of diabetic retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhao ◽  
Emmanuelle Gelize ◽  
Rinath Levy ◽  
Alexandre Moulin ◽  
Frédéric Azan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Gk Rats ◽  
Diabetic Retina ◽  
Pathway Activation ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Galectin 3

<p>Diabetic retinopathy remains a major cause of vision loss worldwide. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) pathway activation contributes to diabetic nephropathy but its role in retinopathy is unknown. In this study, we show that MR is overexpressed in the retina of type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats and humans and, that cortisol is the MR ligand in human eyes. Lipocalin 2 and galectin 3, two biomarkers of diabetic complications regulated by MR are increased in GK and human retina. The sustained intraocular delivery of spironolactone, a steroidal mineralocorticoid antagonist, decreased the early and late pathogenic features of retinopathy in GK rats, such as retinal inflammation, vascular leakage and retinal edema through the up-regulation of genes encoding proteins known to intervene in vascular permeability such as <i>Hey1, Vldlr</i>, <i>Pten</i>, <i>Slc7a1, Tjp1, Dlg1 and Sesn2 </i>but did not decrease VEGF. Spironolactone also normalized the distribution of ion and water channels in macroglial cells. These results indicate that MR is activated in GK and human diabetic retina and that local MR antagonism could be a novel therapeutic option for diabetic retinopathy.</p>

scholarly journals Immune complex formation in human diabetic retina enhances toxicity of oxidized LDL towards retinal capillary pericytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 860-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Fu ◽  
Jeremy Y. Yu ◽  
Mingyuan Wu ◽  
Mei Du ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Immune Complex ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Diabetic Retina ◽  
Retinal Capillary ◽  
Immune Complex Formation

scholarly journals Epac1 and Glycyrrhizin Both Inhibit HMGB1 Levels to Reduce Diabetes-Induced Neuronal and Vascular Damage in the Mouse Retina

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Youde Jiang ◽  
Jena J. Steinle
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Mouse Retina ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Diabetic Retina ◽  
Factor Alpha

The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in acute diabetic retinal damage has been demonstrated. We recently reported that glycyrrhizin, a HMGB1 inhibitor, protected the diabetic retina against neuronal, vascular, and permeability changes. In this study, we wanted to investigate the role of exchange protein for cAMP 1 (Epac1) on HMGB1 and the actions of glycyrrhizin. Using endothelial cell specific knockout mice for Epac1, we made some mice diabetic using streptozotocin, and treated some with glycyrrhizin for up to 6 months. We measured permeability, neuronal, and vascular changes in the Epac1 floxed and knockout mice. We also investigated whether Epac1 and glycyrrhizin work synergistically to reduce the retinal inflammatory mediators, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin-1-beta (IL1β), as well as sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) levels. Epac1 and glycyrrhizin reduced inflammatory mediators with synergistic actions. Glycyrrhizin also increased SIRT1 levels in the Epac1 mice. Overall, these studies demonstrate that glycyrrhizin and Epac1 can work together to protect the retina. Finally, glycyrrhizin may regulate HMGB1 through increased SIRT1 actions.

Micro-RNA regulation of the angiogenic response in the diabetic retina

2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
H.C. Campos-Borges ◽  
S.M. Sanz-González ◽  
V. Zanón-Moreno ◽  
J.M. Millán Salvador ◽  
M.D. Pinazo-Duran
Keyword(s):  
Micro Rna ◽  
Rna Regulation ◽  
Angiogenic Response ◽  
Diabetic Retina
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